The Squad

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The Squad or Squad means an informal group of four female members of the House of Representatives of the 116th United States Congress for the Democratic Party who are young women of color . They have a strong presence in social networks, are and are regarded as part of the progressive left wing of the party and as representatives of a younger generation as well as a large number of minorities that were previously barely represented in Congress. The four members are:

Since the election to the House of Representatives in 2018 , they have appeared as friends and are perceived and assessed as such. The name Squad first came from Ocasio-Cortez himself, but has since been used by Democratic and Republican politicians, other personalities and the media. They gained notoriety as a group under this name, particularly through attacks by President Donald Trump on Twitter.

MPs in Congress

elections

2018

Ocasio-Cortez, of Puerto Rican descent, was previously politically active in the presidential election campaign for Bernie Sanders , first winning the party primary against Joe Crowley and the main election against Republican Anthony Pappas in 2018 . Omar, who is from Somalia , was elected to the Minnesota House of Representatives in 2016 , becoming the first member of a Somali state legislature . In 2018 she won the primary election, in which the previous incumbent Keith Ellison no longer ran for re-election, and the main election against Jennifer Zielinski. Pressley was a member of the Boston City Council in 2009 and was the first African-American woman to serve on that body. In 2018 she won the area code against Mike Capuano , who had held the seat for ten legislative terms , with the slogan “Change can't wait” . Their victory has been compared to that of Ocasio-Cortez because both of them defeated long-time incumbents as young Women of Color. After Pressley's victory, Ocasio-Cortez congratulated her "sister on duty". Pressley won the main election without difficulty, as no Republican candidate ran. Tlaib, who is descended from Palestinian immigrants, was elected to the Michigan House of Representatives in 2008 when incumbent Steve Tobocman, for whom she had previously worked, was unable to run due to tenure restrictions, and was one of the earliest Palestinian MPs for Michigan. In 2018 she won the primary election against Brenda Jones and the main election without any major opponents.

Ocasio-Cortez is the youngest woman in Congress to date. Pressley is Massachusetts' first black Congressman. Omar is the first Somali MP to be naturalized to the United States from Africa and the first non-white MP from Minnesota. Tlaib is the first Congresswoman of Palestinian origin and, along with Omar, the first Muslim women in Congress. Both rendered the oath of office on the Koran , with a Tlaib Thawb wore and triggered the hashtag #TweetYourThobe. For Omar, who wears the hijab , the ban on religious headgear in Congress has been lifted, making her the first MP in Congress to wear a religious headgear. She previously stressed that wearing the headscarf was her own decision.

2020

The four MPs are standing for re-election for the upcoming 2020 House of Representatives election on November 3. Pressley is currently unopposed; the other three have Democratic primary challengers. Ocasio-Cortez is challenged by journalist Michelle Caruso-Cabrera, among others, while lawyer Antone Melton-Meaux is Omar's most serious opponent. At Tlaib, Brenda Jones is the only challenger this time. All four received an endorsement from Senator Bernie Sanders . He called on the supporters of his presidential campaign to donate to Ocasio-Cortez, Omar and Tlaib. On July 1, 2020, the four MPs expressed their mutual endorsement and announced the launch of their joint fundraising committee called the Squad Victory Fund , which will raise money for their re-election campaigns and their affiliated PACs , which will then help other progressives they support Candidates can benefit. According to their grassroots orientations , they do not accept donations from lobbyists, corporate PACs, fossil fuel companies, police organizations. All four MPs won their primaries, along with other progressives who are forecast to be new members:

Jamaal Bowman, for New York's 16th Congressional District, said he will be filing a squad membership application immediately as well as being part of the squad: “I was part of the squad even before I ran because the squad is not all Congressman. The squad is much bigger - as Ayanna Pressley so eloquently informed us: The squad is big and growing. So I was already part of it. And I expect to continue to be a part of it in Congress. ”After Cori Bush , who was also supported by Bernie Sanders and Justice Democrats, tried the Democratic primary for Missouri's 1st Congressional District on August 4th won against William Lacy Clay after 2018, if she also takes the November election and the seat in the House of Representatives, she will be traded as a new member of the squad.

Common politics

The four MPs are placed in the left wing of their party, some more socialist, and part of a new progressive movement that tries to move it further to the left. Trump and right-wing populist opinion sheets tend to place them even more strongly than dangerously far left and radical. Ocasio-Cortez and Tlaib are members of the Democratic Socialists of America . All four are members of the Congressional Progressive Caucus and after the congressional election they joined the Justice Democrats , from which they were previously supported in the election campaign. They are known both for loud, active protests against Donald Trump and other leading Republicans like Mitch McConnell , and for opposing their own party leadership if they have different opinions. They campaign against discrimination , for equality and the rights of minorities , including LGBT and women's rights .

Speaking of what they have in common, Pressley said in an interview with CBS's Gayle King : “What we are are four women with shared values ​​and shared political priorities. [...] What we are are four legislators who just happen to end up on the same page on the same topics. ”ProgressivePunch, a rating site for progressive politics, gives MPs an" A "rating based on their voting behavior on 14 specific topics Pressley and Tlaib along with others in first place. Political concerns and goals, for the most part common to the four of them and seen as progressive, include health insurance for all, called Medicare for all, the cancellation of student debt along with the elimination of school fees , a higher minimum wage of $ 15 or more , strong environmental protection, stricter gun laws , the abolition of privatized prisons and the United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement , action against the detention of illegally immigrant children and American warfare.
In June 2019, the four were the only Democrats to vote against a Border Funding Bill, a bill to fund the United States Customs and Border Protection for health care for inmates. Omar argued that this draft would give money to the organization that commits and guides human rights violations at the border.

You are in favor of the impeachment of Donald Trump. On her first day in Congress, Tlaib published an article calling for this, saying: "We're gonna impeach the motherfucker!" After her primary victory, Pressley called for Trump's impeachment and instead of President just called him "Occupier of the White House" . After Congress launched an impeachment investigation into the Ukraine affair in late September 2019 , CNN was criticized for a contribution that another group of five white, moderate, female congressmen attributed the leadership role in seeking an impeachment. This erased the important role of black women - the members of the squad as well as the representative Maxine Waters - who led the push for impeachment with their early calls.

Omar and Tlaib have repeatedly criticized the government of Israel , support boycott, divestment and sanctions and criticize the occupation of Palestinian territories, for which they are accused of anti-Semitism . Against efforts in Congress to ban BDS, they defended in a statement with Rep. John Lewis that "all Americans have the right to participate in boycotts in the pursuit of human rights at home and abroad, backed by the 1st Amendment ." Omar and Tlaib also voted Ocasio-Cortez against a statement condemning BDS; Pressley voted for it.
In the vote on a resolution reaffirming the United States' support for a two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict , the four MPs, along with almost all Republicans and one independent MP, Justin Amash , (son of a Palestinian), voted as the only Democrats voted "no" against it because of the text changes that had been made to it. The resolution was originally submitted by Alan Lowenthal in the summer and then co-signed by Omar, but in the meantime various MPs have ensured, among other things, that the two-state solution is no longer presented as a broad consensus and that all references to the occupations in the West Bank have been deleted . Omar wrote on Twitter that she feared that in this way the resolution would make it impossible to ever bring peace. Your vote against is a criticism of the pro-occupation stance of the establishment. Tlaib referred to her Palestinian grandmother in her speech.

Within two weeks after a debate of the Democratic candidate in the presidential election in the United States in 2020 on 15 October 2019 three of the four MPs gave their support statements (endorsements) for the candidate Bernie Sanders announced that in the debate his first public appearance after a heart attack early October had: Omar announced their support the morning after the debate, and it was also announced that Ocasio-Cortez would announce their support on Saturday, October 19, at a campaign event organized by Sanders, at which Sanders announced a surprise guest. At the "Bernie's back" rally she appeared together with filmmaker Michael Moore . Omar also announced a declaration of support from Tlaib on October 16, while Tlaib said it had not yet made up its mind. Tlaib officially announced its support at a Sanders campaign rally on October 27th. You have been criticized by feminists for supporting a white man rather than a woman or a minority candidate; On the other hand, Omar said in her statement that Sanders' movement transcends gender, origin and religion.
Ayanna Pressley waited longer and only announced her support for the Democratic candidate Elizabeth Warren on November 6 , who like Pressley represents the state of Massachusetts. Their deviation is perceived as a break in the squad. Vox had previously commented that she did not announce her support for Sanders together with the other members, showing that the squad was not a monolith. Pressley's spokeswoman had reminded that the four women ultimately make their political decisions as individuals.

On the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States , Ocasio-Cortez, Omar and Tlaib held a virtual round table with Sanders, where they criticized the government's stimulus package for providing millions in aid to businesses but not protecting workers and to provide sufficient help to citizens with financial difficulties. They also called for student debt to be paid off on student loans; Omar and Pressley presented a bill to do this. They are also in favor of the release of prisoners from certain groups, such as the elderly, those who have only committed minor offenses, because overcrowded prisons are high risk areas for the virus to spread. In various individual statements and letters, they made their position clear that the aid should reach everyone in the states, including people without insurance and undocumented immigrants. Omar pointed out that they also pay taxes. They co-signed a letter from Democratic MPs and Senators to Secretary of State Mike Pompeo and Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin calling for the lifting of sanctions on Iran that would make it difficult for citizens to get basic food and toiletries. Omar said maintaining the sanctions is not only cruel but also criminal; they would not influence the government of the country but punish the citizens who are already suffering. With a bill by Omar, which was co-signed by the other three, the Squad is calling for rents and mortgages and fines if they are not paid to be suspended so that people who are no longer able to pay due to the crisis are evicted and theirs Lose homes.

designation

Origin of the name

After being elected to Congress for the first time on November 6, 2018, the MPs took part in Freshman Orientation Week as newcomers on November 12 , where they each conducted an individual interview about being representative “first”. In the Capitol , a group photo that Ocasio-Cortez a day later on emerged Instagram posted with the caption "Squad". Ocasio-Cortez himself says: "It was literally just a joke from the Instagram post. I just wrote “Squad” and it stuck. ”The photo went viral after it was published and was widely shared by her followers; In addition to the name Squad , the hashtag #SquadGoals was also popular. The four, who are considered to be well-versed in using social media to address younger people, often post selfies together , including the signature “ sisterly love ”. A photo of Ocasio-Cortez, Pressley and Tlaib at the public hearing of Michael Cohen on February 27, 2019 in front of the House of Representatives Control Committee, to which the three MPs have belonged since January 2019, how they with their facial expressions also went viral, distributed by The Mary Sue and looking in the direction of Cohen respond to his statements. The photo and their depicted looks were described as powerful and "badass"; Ocasio-Cortez himself also shared the photo.

On 14 November 2018 called Laura Ingraham on the Fox News Channel , the four MPs in a segment called The Freshmen Insurrection (in German: Revolt of the newcomers ) as the four horsemen interior . After the four voted against a Border Funding Bill in June , spokeswoman Nancy Pelosi pointed out that they are only four and have not received any more votes. Maureen Dowd used the term Squad in a column on Pelosi related to this incident . Tlaib asked Pelosi to meet with the group, which took place.

Evaluation of the term and the group

In the meaning of a friendly and solidary group, Squad comes from the slang of the AAVE , widespread in hip-hop culture and among young people. The New York Times refers to the military origin of the term conveying self-defense, loyalty, and a cause to be protected. Columnist Moira Donegan wrote that he found her uncomfortable as "sexist and disgraceful". The intention of using it depends strongly on the political direction: For political opponents it is a means to belittle the importance of the four women and their work, as Kelly Dittmar of the Center for American Women and Politics says; an expression of solidarity for supporters. In August 2019, the New York Times headlined: “The Squad is the future of the Democratic Party.” Trump often calls it the “face of the Democratic Party” as an attack on the party. For Jonathan Tobin of the New York Post he is right: the squad determines the agenda of the House of Representatives because its members have the ability to intimidate party veterans like Pelosi and Jerrold Nadler .

Open membership concept

The four women do not use the term itself as exclusive to them, so that all supporters of their political values ​​and concerns can use it as well. Pressley said in an interview: "If you share our values ​​and believe in working for a more equal and just world, you are part of the squad." The PAC Justice Democrats , who supported the four in the congressional election and which they after hers Victory, tweeted a similar statement from Pressley that they are more than four and that the squad includes any person committed to a just world. Ocasio-Cortez then asked her followers who wanted to enter. The Onion invented the satirical headline that the 82-year-old MP Bill Pascrell wanted to join the squad, which he then actually asked Omar and she, like Ocasio-Cortez, agreed. Vox's Anna North saw this inclusive and expandable approach as a counter to efforts by Trump and Pelosi to portray the squad as a small, unrepresentative group.

For an episode of Full Frontal with Samantha Bee , which Omar was a guest on October 2, 2019, the presenter visited the Capitol with this one and met Ocasio-Cortez, who hugged her, which Bee proudly claimed was from there to be part of the squad. Ocasio-Cortez replied with the hashtag #The SquadIsBig: "You're in," and Omar reaffirmed that part of the squad is anyone who believes in a fairer and more equal world. Pressley also welcomed her to the squad.

For the November / December 2019 edition of Mother Jones , Kara Voght writes that there is a wave of Democrats running for Congress hoping to join the squad so that it will become a herd. Alex Morse is quoted as saying that he would be thrilled to be welcomed into the squad.

AOC plus 3

Instead of the established name “Squad”, Laura Ingraham used the phrase “AOC plus 3” several times on the Fox News channel on July 15, 2019 with text overlays , which was then adopted by other Fox presenters. Donald Trump has also been using them more frequently since then, for example in July. In late September, its use in a tweet caused Trump's social media amusement; many users made the joke that it sounds like the name of a musical group. After Congress launched an impeachment investigation in late September in response to Trump's possible abuse of office and power in the Ukraine affair , Trump posted several series of tweets, including one calling the Democrats "savages" ) and named Adam Schiff , Jerrold Nadler and the Squad with the phrase "AOC plus 3" as examples . This tweet was on the one hand, criticized that he therefore dropped out of three of the deputies under the table the names, and on the other that the people he had picked out for the dehumanizing attack, two Jews and four Women of color are . Ocasio-Cortez himself replied that it should better be called "Pressley plus 3" because her colleague was the best singer of the four women.

Trump tweets and episodes

Insults from Trump

“ So interesting to see“ Progressive ”Democrat Congresswomen, who originally came from countries whose governments are a complete and total catastrophe, the worst, most corrupt and inept anywhere in the world (if they even have a functioning government at all), now loudly and viciously telling the people of the United States, the greatest and most powerful Nation on earth, how our government is to be run. Why don't they go back and help fix the totally broken and crime infested places from which they came. Then come back and show us how it is done. These places need your help badly, you can't leave fast enough. I'm sure that Nancy Pelosi would be very happy to quickly work out free travel arrangements!
Translation: So interesting to see how "progressive" American MPs who originally came from countries whose governments are a complete and utter disaster, the worst, most corrupt and inept (if they even have functioning governments), are now loud and vicious to the people Tell the United States, the greatest and most powerful nation on earth, how our government should go. Why don't they go back and help mend the utterly broken and crime-infested places they come from? And then come back and show us how to do it. These places urgently need your help, you can't leave early enough. I'm sure Nancy Pelosi would be happy to arrange free trips on the fly! "

- Donald Trump @realDonaldTrump : Twitter, July 14, 2019

President Donald Trump wrote three tweets on July 14, 2019 against progressive Democratic MPs who were about to return to their home countries. Although he did not mention their names or the designation Squad , these tweets were interpreted in the media as referring to the four women, which several subsequent tweets from Trump confirmed by naming Ocasio-Cortez (AOC), a quotation from Tlaib indicates the number "four". The claim that they originally came from other countries is factually incorrect, because Ocasio-Cortez, Pressley and Tlaib were born in the United States. Omar is from Somalia and received US citizenship in 2000 . His statement, particularly the allegation that Women of Color could not be from the United States, has been condemned as racist by the media and politicians such as Pelosi and Democratic presidential candidates . The four MPs reaffirmed their oath to the United States in various statements and held a press conference on July 15 to respond. The House of Representatives condemned Trump's statements in the official statement H. Res. 489.

Trump followed up with further tweets against the four MPs, in which he described them as anti-American and anti-Semitic . At one of Trump's election campaigns, following remarks against Omar, the audience shouted “Send them back!”, Which Trump later claimed to have tried to stop him. The Republican Party ran an advertisement entitled "Squad Goals: Anarchy". A Republican group from Illinois , the IRCCA, published an edited picture of the four MPs on Facebook with the words " Jihad Squad" written on it, which was later deleted and condemned by the President of the IRCCA and the chairman of the Republican Party in Illinois. The Cherokee Guns firearms store in Murphy, North Carolina put up a billboard with pictures of the four women and the words "The 4 Horsemen Cometh" with the last word crossed out and instead headed "Are Idiots" up against Tlaib and Pressley have pronounced.

On August 20, Fox released a parody of the Simpsons of the West Side Story , called the " West Wing Story," which shows the Squad against Trump and with Democratic presidential candidates.

Entry ban to Israel

In August 2019, a delegation of Democratic and Republican MPs visited Israel , which was also planned for Tlaib and Omar. The Israeli Ambassador to the United States, Ron Dermer, had previously announced that no member of Congress would be denied entry, and the Israeli government said they would be welcomed. But Trump tweeted on Aug. 15 that Israel would show great weakness if it allowed the two of them to visit because they hated Israel and Jews. About two hours later, a spokesman for Israeli Interior Minister Arje Deri and Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu announced that the two MPs would be expelled. The Israeli side justifies this with their support for Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions and Palestine . Omar assumed, however, that the decision was made under pressure from Donald Trump. Tlaib described the decision as a "sign of weakness" in a tweet with a picture of her grandmother. Both described the entry ban as undemocratic. Trump defended Israel's decision because the two had said "terrible things about Israel". The following day, after a request to conditionally visit her relatives in the West Bank , Tlaib was granted permission not to travel to the country because a visit on such conditions would be against anything she believed in - to fight against racism, oppression and injustice.

Effect in Germany

While the women and their successes had already made news in Germany beforehand, they became known and treated as a group called The Squad , for example at the Tagesschau, in response to Trump's tweets in July . Some media took these incidents as an opportunity to present the four MPs together, such as the Hannoversche Allgemeine or n-tv . His statements against the MPs also reached the German government as attacks against women. Before the summer break, Angela Merkel condemned the statements of the president in response to a request: "I dissociate myself decidedly and feel solidarity with the three women attacked."

Joint media appearances

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez @ ocasio2018: Photo of the squad in the Capitol . In: Instagram . November 3, 2018. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  2. ^ Anthony Brooks, Benjamin Swasey: A Stunner: Ayanna Pressley Topples Michael Capuano In Nationally Watched 7th District Race . In: WBUR . September 14, 2018. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  3. ↑ Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez: Tweet from Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez . In: Twitter . September 4, 2018. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  4. ^ Eli Watkins: Ocasio-Cortez to be youngest woman ever elected to congress . In: CNN Politics . November 7, 2018. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  5. ^ William J. Kole: Ayanna Pressley is officially Massachusetts's first black congresswoman . November 7, 2018. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  6. ↑ Erin Golden: Ilhan Omar again makes history, becoming 1st Somali-American elected to US House . In: StarTribune . November 7, 2018. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  7. ^ Tania Karas: Two reps were sworn in on the Quran. It's a symbolic moment for Muslim Americans. . In: PRI # s The World . January 3, 2019. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  8. ↑ Karen Zraick: As Rashida Tlaib Is Sworn In, Palestinian-Americans Respond With #TweetYourThobe . In: New York Times . January 3, 2019. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  9. ↑ Ilhan Omar convinces House to lift 181-year-old ban that prohibited head garbs . November 19, 2018. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  10. ↑ Ilhan Omar: Tweet from Ilhan Omar . In: Twitter . November 17, 2018. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  11. ↑ Donald Trump's favorite freshmen face primaries . In: The Economist . May 21, 2020. Accessed May 23, 2020.
  12. ↑ Tal Axelrod: Sanders Endorses 9 progressive House candidates . In: The Hill . January 29, 2020. Accessed May 23, 2020.
  13. ^ John Bowden: Sanders asks for donations to reelect members of 'The Squad' . In: The Hill . April 19, 2020. Accessed May 24, 2020.
  14. ^ Claire Foran, Gregory Krieg: AOC, Omar, Tlaib and Pressley launch joint fundraising committee 'Squad Victory Fund' . In: CNN . July 1, 2020. Accessed July 2, 2020.
  15. ↑ Kadia Goba: "The Squad" Is Raising Money To Fight For Progressive Candidates . In: Buzzfeed News . January 202007. Retrieved July 2, 2020.
  16. ^ Daniel Marans: Every 'Squad' Member Won Her Primary . In: Huffpost . August 12, 2020. Accessed August 14, 2020.
  17. ^ Edward-Isaac Dovere: Jamaal Bowman Is Ready to Join the Squad . In: The Atlantic . July 17, 2020. Accessed August 14, 2020.
  18. ↑ Julia Ioffe: This Year's AOC, Jamaal Bowman, Says He's Ready to Fight . In: GQ . August 3, 2020. Retrieved August 14, 2020.
  19. ^ The Squad's New Member . In: Wall Street Journal . August 5, 2020. Accessed August 9, 2020.
  20. ↑ Moritz Wiechmann: Reinforcement for left »Squad«: Black Lives Matter activist wins US area code . In: new Germany . August 5, 2020. Accessed August 9, 2020.
  21. ↑ a b Kara Voght: The Untold Story of the Progressive Insurgency That Is Remaking Congress . In: Mother Jones . July 22, 2019. Accessed December 23, 2019.
  22. ^ Susan Cornwell: Expanding the 'Squad:' US liberals challenge moderate Democrats to move party left . In: Reuters . October 21, 2019. Retrieved December 23, 2019: "" Squad, "freshman Democrats aiming to move the party farther left on issues"
  23. ↑ a b c Melanie Zanona, Sarah Ferris and Heather Caygle: 'It is like high school': Meet the House's freshman cliques . In: Politico . March 4, 2019. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  24. ↑ Jamie White: Trump Campaign Releases Ad Calling Out The Squad's Far-Left Radicalism . In: NewsWars . August 23, 2019. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  25. ^ Graham Vyse: Democratic Socialists Rack Up Wins in States . In: Governing . November 9, 2018. Retrieved December 23, 2019: "DSA's biggest successes, undoubtedly, were the Congressional elections of Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez of New York and Rashida Tlaib of Michigan."
  26. ^ Candidates and members of the Justice Democrats
  27. ↑ a b Pressley Calls President Trump's Attacks 'Distraction' By 'The Occupant' Of White House . In: CBS Boston . July 17, 2019. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  28. ^ Edward Helmore: The Squad: Progressive Democrats reveal how they got their name . In: Guardian . July 17, 2019. Retrieved December 23, 2019.
  29. ↑ Progressive Punch - Congressman's Rating , accessed December 23, 2019
  30. ↑ Kate Sullivan: Here are the 4 congress women known as 'The Squad' targeted by Trump's racist tweets . In: CNN . July 16, 2019. Accessed December 23, 2019.
  31. ↑ a b Julie Grace Brufke: The four House Democrats who voted against the Border Funding Bill . In: The Hill . June 25, 2019. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  32. ↑ Rashida Tlaib, John Bonifaz: Now is the time to begin impeachment proceedings against President Trump . In: Detroit Free Press . January 4, 2019. Accessed August 23, 2019.
  33. ↑ Donica Phifer: Congresswoman Rashida Tlaib refers to Donald Trump in speech, tells crowd 'we' will 'impeach this motherf --- er' . In: Newsweek . January 4, 2019. Accessed August 23, 2019.
  34. ^ Mary Markos: Ayanna Pressley puts Donald Trump impeachment on to-do-list . In: Boston Herald . September 7, 2018. Accessed August 23, 2019.
  35. ↑ Natasha Lennard: Trump Attacked the Women of Color Who Led the Push for Impeachment. Then CNN Erased Them. . In: The Intercept . October 1, 2019. Retrieved October 8, 2019.
  36. ↑ Derrick Clifton: Trump's Impeachment Story Has Already Morphed Into a White Savior Narrative . In: Vice . October 2, 2019. Retrieved October 8, 2019.
  37. ^ Allison Kaplan Sommer: Ilhan Omar Introduces Resolution to Defend Americans' Right to Boycott . In: Haaretz . July 18, 2019. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  38. ^ Aiden Pink: Here Are The 17 Members Of Congress Who Voted Against Condemning BDS . In: Forward . July 24, 2019. Accessed August 23, 2019.
  39. ↑ H.Res.326 - Expressing the sense of the House of Representatives Regarding United States efforts to resolve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict through a negotiated two-state solution.
  40. ↑ FINAL VOTE RESULTS FOR ROLL CALL 652
  41. ↑ Michael Arria: Omar, Tlaib, Ocasio-Cortez, and Pressley only Dems to oppose Israel resolution that omits all mentions of occupation . In: Mondoweiss . December 6, 2019. Retrieved December 7, 2019.
  42. ↑ Lissandra Villa: Bernie Sanders Leverages the Debate for a Comeback Just Weeks After a Heart Attack . In: TIME . October 16, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  43. ↑ Owen Daugherty: Omar Endorses Sanders presidential bid . In: The Hill . October 16, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  44. ↑ a b Sean Collins: AOC and Ilhan Omar endorse Bernie Sanders for president . In: Vox . October 16, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  45. ↑ Phil McCausland: 'I am back!' Sanders declares at campaign rally with AOC . In: NBC News . October 20, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  46. ↑ Rebecca Falconer: Tlaib joins fellow squad members AOC and Omar in endorsing Sanders . In: Axios . Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  47. ↑ Leila Ettachfini: Don't Tell AOC, Ilhan Omar, and Rashida Tlaib Their Bernie Endorsement Isn't Feminist . In: Vice . October 18, 2019. Retrieved December 23, 2019.
  48. ↑ Akela Lacey: Squad Split: Rep. Ayanna Pressley Endorses Elizabeth Warren for President . In: The Intercept . November 6, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  49. ^ Anna North: Reps. Ocasio-Cortez, Omar, and Tlaib have endorsed Bernie Sanders. Rep. Ayanna Pressley has not. . In: Vox . October 28, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  50. ↑ John Bachtell: Sanders and “The Squad” on COVID-19: Spend whatever it takes to support workers . In: People's World . March 24, 2020. Accessed April 11, 2020.
  51. ↑ 'Squad' members want to make illegal immigrants eligible for coronavirus aid . In: New York Post . April 8, 2020. Accessed April 11, 2020.
  52. ↑ Kaylan Deese: Ilhan Omar edits headline of New York Post article slamming the Squad: 'There, fixed it for you' . In: The Hill . April 8, 2020. Accessed April 11, 2020.
  53. ↑ Zachary Halaschak: Bernie Sanders and 'the Squad' sign letter urging US to suspend sanctions 'Substantially' on Iran over pandemic . In: Washington Examiner . March 31, 2020. Accessed April 11, 2020.
  54. ↑ Emma Ockerman: The Squad Has a Plan to Cancel Your Rent . In: Vice . April 17, 2020. Accessed May 24, 2020.
  55. ↑ Erin Corbett: How Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez & The Squad Are Strategizing To Cancel Rent Payments . In: Yahoo News! . April 30, 2020. Accessed May 24, 2020.
  56. ↑ a b c Anna North: How 4 congress women came to be called “the Squad” . In: Vox . July 17, 2019. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  57. ↑ The Mary Sue: Tweet from the Cohen Hearing . In: Twitter . February 27, 2018. Retrieved August 28, 2019.
  58. ↑ R. Eric Thomas: This Photo of AOC, Ayanna Pressley, and Rashida Tlaib Has No Right To Be This Good . In: ELLE . February 28, 2019. Retrieved August 28, 2019.
  59. ^ Nicole Gallucci: This photo of Ocasio-Cortez, Pressley, and Tlaib from the Cohen hearing says it all . In: Mashable . February 28, 2019. Retrieved August 28, 2019.
  60. ↑ Lee Moran: Laura Ingraham Goes On 10-Minute Rant Against Diverse New Members Of Congress . In: Huffpost . November 14, 2018. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  61. ↑ a b Maureen Dowd: It's Nancy Pelosi's Parade . In: New York Times . July 6, 2019. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  62. ↑ Greenie: Squad Top Definition . In: Urban Dictionary . March 24, 2004. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  63. ^ Arit John: A Brief History of Squads . In: New York Times . July 18, 2019. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  64. ↑ Moira Donegan: Tweet from Moira Donegan . In: Twitter . July 15, 2019. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  65. ↑ Barbara Ransby: 'The Squad' is the Future of the Democratic Party . In: New York Times . August 8, 2019. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  66. ↑ Marlene Lenthang: Trump says AOC and her 'Squad' have said 'unthinkably bad things' about Israeli people and calls them 'the new face of the Democrat Party' in his latest Twitter attack . In: Daily Mail . August 19, 2019. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  67. ↑ Jonathan Tobin: Why 'the Squad' is setting the House's Agenda . In: New YOrk Post . July 30, 2019. Accessed December 23, 2019.
  68. ↑ “If you share the values ​​and believe in working for a more equitable and just world, you are part of 'The Squad.' Adrian Walker: Ayanna Pressley brushes off Trump's tweets - but not his treatment of refugees . In: Boston Globe . July 14, 2019. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  69. ↑ Justice Democrats @justicedems: Tweet of Justice Democrats . In: Twitter . July 15, 2019. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  70. ↑ Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez @AOC: Tweet from Ocasio-Cortez . In: Twitter . July 16, 2019. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
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  84. ↑ H. Res. 489 Condemning President Trump's racist comments directed at Members of Congress
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