Tray von Martin died

The death of Trayvon Martin took place on the evening of February 26, 2012 in Sanford in the US state of Florida , as the 28-year-old neighborhood watchman and Latino George Zimmerman the 17-year-old African-American high school -Students Trayvon Martin (* 7. February 1995 ) shot. As a reason, Zimmerman gave self-defense . This death and its circumstances sparked a nationwide discussion of racism in the United States , which was also received in other countries. Zimmerman was the murder with conditional intent (second degree murder) indicted. The trial began on June 10, 2013 in Sanford. On July 13, 2013, Zimmerman was found innocent (not guilty) by a six-person jury after 16 hours of deliberation and acquitted.

Sequence of events

Zimmerman's phone call with the police

George Zimmerman, a neighborhood guard in a Sanford housing estate, saw Trayvon Martin walking from a general store to the house of his father's girlfriend where he had bought a bag of chewed dragees ( skittles ) and a can of fruit juice. Zimmerman called the police and reported the youngster's suspicious behavior: This guy looks like he is up to no good. He is on drugs or something. ("This guy looks like he's up to no good. He's on drugs or something.") Shortly thereafter, Zimmerman reported to the police that the suspect had started running and that he was following him. The police pointed out to him that he didn't have to do this: We don't need you to do that , to which he replied with “OK”. At the same time, Trayvon Martin was on the phone with a friend complaining that a threatening white man ("a creepy ass cracker") was following him. A little later Zimmerman shot the unarmed youth in a scuffle.

This article or the following section is not adequately provided with supporting documents ( e.g. individual evidence ). Information without sufficient evidence could be removed soon. Please help Wikipedia by researching the information and including good evidence.

At 2:21 am of the call there is a controversial passage: "The back entrance ... fucking [disputed / unintelligible]". It is not understandable what Zimmerman is saying. The first reading "fucking coons" attracted attention, which would be a racist expression. Later the reading “fucking cold” was added, which only refers to the weather. Another reading is “fucking punks”. Other analysts rated the position as incomprehensible. During the trial, the defense and prosecution reported this part of the phone call as “fucking punks”.

Investigations

Zimmerman immediately after the preliminary arrest in the patrol car

The back of Zimmerman's head after arriving at the police station

The circumstances of Trayvon Martin's death were first investigated by the local police (Sanford Police Department). George Zimmerman was arrested and taken to the local police station. An alcohol or drug control at Zimmerman was waived. When questioned by chief investigator Chris Serino, Zimmerman said he followed the youth but then lost track of him. When he got back to his car, Martin attacked him from behind, knocked him down and, after he was already on the ground, hit his head several times on the concrete of the pavement. Fearing for his life, he took up a gun and shot Martin in the chest. He acted in self-defense . According to several testimonies, the final physical argument with the fatal shot is said to have been preceded by a loud argument.

Photos of Zimmerman in the patrol car and with the police show him with a bloody face and a bloody head.

Serino found Zimmerman's explanations inconclusive. At the end of the interrogation, he wrote in an affidavit (affidavit) that he was not convinced of Zimmerman's account of the events and demanded that an arrest warrant be issued for Zimmerman for manslaughter or negligent homicide of Trayvon Martin ("manslaughter / negligent homicide") . The then acting police chief of Sanford, Bill Lee Jr., took then together with Robert O'Connor, the head of the investigation department, consultation with the responsible district attorney, Norman R. Wolfinger. (Wolfinger was the prosecutor responsible for Brevard and Seminole Counties .) Wolfinger refused to apply for an arrest warrant because, in his opinion, the facts (up to then) were insufficient to prove that Zimmerman was outside the " Stand-your-ground law ”. As a result, George Zimmerman was released just hours after his arrest.

As a result, Sanford Police Chief Bill Lee Jr. defended this decision to the media and the public:

"When the Sanford Police Department arrived at the scene of the incident, Mr. Zimmerman provided a statement claiming he acted in self-defense which at the time was supported by physical evidence and testimony."

"When the Sanford police arrived at the scene, Mr. Zimmerman stated that he had acted in self-defense, which was also confirmed at the time by the visible marks and testimony."

And:

"By Florida Statute, law enforcement was PROHIBITED from making an arrest based of the facts and circumstances they had at the time."

"Under Florida law, based on the facts and knowledge of the circumstances at the time, the police were [also] FORBIDDEN to make an arrest."

As a result of these and other statements, Sanford Police Chief Bill Lee Jr. and (District) Public Prosecutor Norman R. Wolfinger came under increasing criticism.

Resignation of the Sanford Police Chief

On March 21, 2012, the Sanford City Commission withdrew his confidence in Police Chief Bill Lee Jr. A few hours later, Lee, who had only taken up this post on May 8, 2011, resigned from his position - temporarily. He said that his role as the chief of the police station had created "distractions" in the investigation. Darren Scott - until then police captain - took over the interim management of the police station. On April 23, 2012, Lee Jr. offered his final resignation. However, the Sanford City Commission refused by 3-2 votes to accept this resignation. (Mayor Jeff Triplett and the two Commissioners Patty Mahany and Randy Jones rejected Lee's resignation, while the two Commissioners Velma Williams and Mark McCarty were ready to accept the resignation).

Replacement of the public prosecutor

On March 20, 2012, the then responsible District Attorney Norman R. Wolfinger had stated that a grand jury should decide on April 10, 2012 whether the evidence is sufficient to bring charges against Zimmerman: “I share in the desire of the family and the community to accurately collect and evaluate all the facts surrounding the tragic death of Trayvon Martin. ”(“ I carefully share the wish of the family and the community [of Sanford] to have all the facts concerning the tragic death of Trayvon Martin to collect and evaluate. ")

As criticism and pressure from traditional media and protesters about the nature of the investigation increased, Rick Scott , Governor of Florida , withdrew Wolfinger from the case on March 22, 2012 and transferred the case to prosecutor Angela B. Corey , who had until then been responsible for the 4th Judical Circuit of Florida ( Duval County , Nassau County and Clay County ) was responsible, the direction of the investigation ("Special prosecutor"). Corey stated that no grand jury (as advised by her predecessor Wolfinger), but that they alone would decide on an indictment against George Zimmerman. This indicated that Zimmerman will not be charged with murder in the first instance. In Florida, a jury would be mandatory in murder cases.

Stand-your-ground law

Trayvon Martin's parents at a demonstration in New York on March 21, 2012

The case sparked a discussion about the requirements and limits of self-defense , particularly in the state of Florida. The police officers had alleged that they had no recourse against Zimmerman because of the so-called " stand-your-ground law ", which had been in force in Florida since 2005 and which had become law under Republican Governor Jeb Bush . The use of weapons is permitted in public disputes for self-defense and they have no reason to doubt the representation of what happened by Zimmerman.

The Republicans Durell Peaden and Dennis K. Baxley , who had introduced into the legislative process the law, declared it besage only that law-abiding people are not obliged to retreat from an attacker, but the right would have to meet force with force. Nowhere in the law does it say that a person has the right to provocatively cause confrontation with another person . The 911 phone record would suggest that Zimmerman had exceeded his limits when he reported to police that he would follow Trayvon Martin and then simply ignored the police's request not to do so. "At that moment he lost his right to self-defense," explained Peaden. "When he said 'I'm following him', he lost his right to self-defense."

The corresponding passage in the Florida Statutes, Chapter 776 - Justifiable Use of Force: 776.013 (3):

“A person who is not engaged in an unlawful activity and who is attacked in any other place where he or she has a right to be has no duty to retreat and has the right to stand his or her ground and meet force with force, including deadly force, if he or she reasonably believes it is necessary to do so to prevent death or great bodily harm to himself or herself or another or to prevent the commission of a forcible felony. "

“A person who is not involved in an unlawful act and is attacked in a place where he or she has the right to reside is not obliged to step back, but is entitled to stand firm and use counter-violence, including lethal violence, if that person reasonably believes that this is necessary to protect your life or that of others or to protect yourself or others from serious physical injury or to prevent the commission of a violent crime. "

Michael Bloomberg , the mayor of New York City , criticized the fact that the "Stand your-ground" rule, introduced in Florida in 2005 as the first state, had already been introduced in another 25 states in 2012 - seven years later. Up until 2005, 34 deaths were recorded under the heading of self-defense in Florida; after the new rule came into force, there were more than 100 deaths. Bloomberg said:

"You simply cannot have a civilized society when everyone has a weapon and can decide for themselves whether someone threatens them or not."

Racism Discussion

Demonstration in Union Square in New York City on March 21, 2012

Two weeks after Trayvon Martin's death, nationwide demonstrations against racial discrimination and police arbitrariness broke out in the United States. In this context, the FBI started investigations directed against the perpetrator and also intended to investigate the behavior of the police officers on site. It is of decisive importance whether the act has a racist background, since federal authorities would be responsible for prosecuting a so-called hate crime . A longtime friend of Zimmerman stated that he had never spoken out racist to him, even in black. On March 24, 2012, thousands of demonstrators again protested in Washington, New York, Chicago and Tampa against racist tendencies in the USA. Many of the protesters were doing ostentatiously in hoodie ( hooded sweatshirts, hoodies ), as they are worn by African-American youth.

The black New York preacher and businessman Al Sharpton played a leading role in the demonstrations . His sentence is often quoted:

"We can put a black man in the White House but we cannot walk a black child through a gated neighborhood ."

"We can put a black man in the White House, but we cannot let a black child walk through a sheltered housing estate."

Murder charges against Zimmerman

On April 11, 2012, barely more than six weeks after Martin's death, the shooter Zimmerman was charged with second degree murder ( also known as murder two ). Prosecutor's special investigator Corey emphasized that prosecutors are not acting on public pressure, but, as in any other case, on facts and Florida law. Zimmerman, who had been in hiding since the fact, had surrendered to the authorities and was in the Seminole County Jail. Murder two was the most serious charge the prosecution could bring itself. An indictment of First Degree Murder (in Germany and Switzerland: murder ) would have previously required a hearing before a grand jury (a grand jury). This procedure obviously seemed too insecure to Corey. The penalty range for conditional murder ranges from 25 years to life imprisonment.

First trial for Zimmerman

On April 12, 2012, Judge Mr of the Seminole County Circuit found Prosecutor Corey's affidavit of probable cause sufficient to admit the lawsuit and set the date for the formal reading of the charges.

The prosecution based their charges on the following allegation, among other things: Zimmerman had approached Trayvon Martin with hostile intent (confronted). Martin phoned his girlfriend, who advised him to walk back home (that is, to the house of his father's fiancé). As a result, Martin tried to reach this house. Zimmerman did not want to let him escape before the police arrived. So he got out of his car and followed Martin. He reported this to the officer at the police emergency call center (911 call center). When the latter pointed out that this was not necessary, Zimmerman did not follow this and continued to follow Trayvon Martin. When Zimmerman reached Martin, there was first a loud exchange and then a fight. Immediately afterwards, several witnesses called the police emergency call center (911 call center). They reported the loud exchange, then a fight and desperate calls for help. The voice screaming for help was recorded by the police emergency call center during at least one of the emergency calls. Zimmerman's family testified that Zimmerman could be heard. Martin's family testified that Martin could be heard. In at least one of the calls, a noise was recorded from the background that must have originated from the fatal shot. The public prosecutor's office called their list of facts and evidence incomplete.

On May 29, 2012, Zimmerman should be tried again. Jessica Recksiedler should be the judge. After this was successfully rejected due to bias, her colleague Kenneth M. Lester Jr. took over the case.

Freedom on bail

On April 20, 2012 - ten days after his arrest - a Seminole County court (Judge Kenneth M. Lester, Jr./so) ruled that George Zimmerman could be released before the trial began if he provided bail of $ 150,000. 114,000 euros) and comply with other requirements. The prosecutor had asked for a million dollar bail; Zimmerman's attorney, Mark O'Mara, bailed $ 15,000.

Zimmerman had previously apologized to Trayvon Martin's parents for the first time:

“I wanted to say I am sorry for the loss of your son. I did not know how old he was, I thought he was a little bit younger than I am. And I did not know if he was armed or not. "

“I wanted to say that I am sorry for the loss of your son. I didn't know how old he was - I thought he was a little bit younger than me. And I didn't know whether he was armed or not. "

At the same time, Zimmerman stuck to his version that he acted out of self-defense when he shot Martin lying on the ground during a physical altercation.

Martin's parents and family lawyer Benjamin Crump said Zimmerman's apology was 50 days late to be credible. Zimmerman was only concerned with making a good impression on the court in order to get out of custody on bail. "The defendant didn't apologize in multiple statements to police, he didn't apologize through his lawyers and he didn't apologize on a web site he set up to raise money for his defense, the Martin family lawyer said. Why did he wait until all the cameras were on him, and his freedom was on the line, to say he was sorry? ”(“ The defendant [Zimmerman] did not apologize during his numerous statements to the police; he does not have his Lawyers apologize for him, and he didn't apologize on his webpage that he set up to raise money for his defense. Why [so] did he wait with all the cameras on him to do it his freedom went to say [only then] that he apologized? ")

Zimmerman had to raise 10 percent (i.e. 15,000 US dollars) of the 150,000 US dollars (around 114,000 euros) immediately. He was allowed to reside outside of Florida, but his passport was confiscated.

As a result, Zimmerman declared himself "not guilty".

On June 1, 2012, a Sanford judge revoked Zimmerman's release on bail. The prosecution accused him and his wife Shellie of having deceived the judiciary about his real financial situation. Zimmerman had portrayed himself and his family as destitute. According to prosecutors, by the time the court ruled the bail amount, Zimmerman had raised $ 135,000 for his defense through a website. He and his wife did not mention this money at the first bail hearing. "The defendant tried to manipulate the system" - said Judge Kenneth Lester.

At the beginning of July 2012, the bail was now set at one million dollars (approx. 800,000 euros), as Zimmerman did not pose a threat to the public, according to the court. Zimmerman was released after he deposited ten percent of that sum ($ 100,000). In addition to the higher amount of bail, the judge ordered Zimmerman to be monitored electronically using an ankle cuff and house arrest between 6 p.m. and 6 a.m. He was also not allowed to open an account or apply for a passport.

The trial date was set for June 10, 2013.

acquittal

In July 2012, Zimmerman's attorney O'Mara accused Judge Kenneth R. Lester Jr. of bias. O'Mara stated that during the first hearing, Judge Lester expressed the view that Zimmerman was trying to "[...] manipulate the system [the court] for his own benefit". It was in response to the false statements Zimmerman had made about his finances during the bail negotiation. The court already had a negative image of Zimmerman and his client could no longer expect a fair trial. When Judge Lester declined to resign because of bias, Zimmerman's attorney turned to a Florida appeals court . On August 29, 2012, the Fifth District Circuit Court of Appeal at Daytona Bay granted Zimmerman's defense attorney's motion for a change of judge "although the allegations in George Zimmerman's request [for a change of judge] are inadequate," and ruled that the trial should be led by a new judge. On August 30, 2012, Seminole County Circuit Judge Debra S. Nelson was appointed as the new judge on a rotating basis.

The process started on June 10, 2013. Before the opening speeches, the selection of the six jurors took place as usual (500 candidates from Seminole County were summoned).

The following important information is missing from this article or section:

Zero information about the process (not even the number of process days), while pre-process details were listed extensively and even redundantly. - Itu ( discussion ) 01:46, Jul 20, 2013 (CEST)

Help Wikipedia by researching and pasting it .

Zimmerman was acquitted on July 13, 2013.

After the judgment

The US Department of Justice was looking into whether Zimmerman was guilty of violating civil rights and could therefore be tried in federal court. Ultimately, however, there was no lawsuit in this regard before a federal court.

After the verdict, US President Obama issued a brief statement: Martin's death was a “tragedy” for all of America; The USA is a constitutional state and a jury has judged. Six days after the verdict, Obama said again: Martin's death raised the question of why young African Americans had to worry about racial profiling . “When Trayvon Martin was shot, I said he could be my son. Another way of saying this is: I too could have been Trayvon Martin, 35 years ago. ”Obama generally stated that it should be checked whether the legislation of individual US states stirs up confrontations.

In September 2013, Zimmerman's wife, who had recently filed for divorce, called the police. She said her husband had damaged her iPhone , attacked her father and threatened her with a gun. She later corrected her statement and said she had not seen a weapon. She waived prosecution. In November 2013, Zimmerman was arrested after a friend said Zimmerman pushed her out of her home, locked the door and threatened her with a gun. She later withdrew the allegations of gun threats and waived prosecution.

On May 11, 2015, George Zimmerman was shot while driving in his car. He was injured by glass and metal fragments, but the bullet missed him. The responsible police department later announced that the alleged perpetrator Matthew Apperson had previously been noticed for unusual behavior, seems to have developed a fixation on Zimmerman and may suffer from bipolar disorder . Apperson was later sentenced to 20 years' imprisonment for attempted murder.

On May 12, 2016, it was announced that Zimmerman had put the gun he used to shoot Martin up for auction. After two unsuccessful auctions, which were abandoned because of excessive bogus bids or a wave of negative reactions against the auction house, the weapon reached a price of around $ 140,000 in May 2016. On May 18, 2016, the 9mm rifle fetched $ 250,000 on the United Gun Group's sales portal as “A Piece of American History”. Zimmerman wants to use the proceeds to "support various interest groups".

Popular culture reception

This article or the following section is not adequately provided with supporting documents ( e.g. individual evidence ). Information without sufficient evidence could be removed soon. Please help Wikipedia by researching the information and including good evidence.

The US series South Park dedicated an episode to the incident in 2013, in which it is parodically linked to the action film World War Z from the same year. Martin and Zimmermann were featured in songs by the American rapper Macklemore ("A Wake"), Eminem with Kendrick Lamar ("Love Game"), Jay-Z ("Talk Up", 2018) and the Afro-American singer Frank Ocean (" Nikes ”, 2016) mentioned. The American artist Ice-T's crossover band Body Count dedicated the song "Black Hoodie" to him on their album Bloodlust . Macklemore recalled the incident when he received his American Music Award .

Political Consequences

See main article: Black Lives Matter

This article or section needs to be revised. Details should be given on the talk page. Please help to improve it , and then remove this flag.

After the killing of Trayvon Martin, skepticism towards pure online activism led to the founding of the new civil rights movement “Dream Defenders” in Florida.

"To change life in our communities, we need power, not just followers."

- The Dream Defenders

literature

• Devon Johnson, Amy Farrell, Patricia Y. Warren (Eds.): Deadly Injustice: Trayvon Martin, Race, and the Criminal Justice System. NYU Press, New York 2015, ISBN 9781479873456

Web links

Commons : Death Trayvon Martin  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Adam Weinstein: " The Tray by Martin Killing, Explained ", Mother Jones , March 18, 2012 (with continuous updates)
• News 13 - Tray by Martin Fall - 911 calls a. a. Documents
• 18th Circuit Court - Media Advisories - High Profile Cases - State v. Zimmerman (2012-CF-001083-A) - Documents released to the public by the court

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} The victim is black, the perpetrator a white Latino. FAZ from March 20, 2012 .
2. ↑ Suzanne Gamboa: Florida shooter's race a complicated matter. cbsnews.com, March 29, 2012, accessed April 13, 2012 . 
3. ^ Judgment in the Trayvon Martin case: acquittal for Zimmerman neighborhood guard. Spiegel Online , July 14, 2013
4. ↑ "A slap in the face for the American people" - civil rights activists, especially from the black population, speak of a "tragedy" - the American right, however, is relieved. FAZ , July 14, 2013
5. ↑ In the realm of unlimited self-defense. Southgerman newspaper
6. ↑ Leo Benedictus: How Skittles became a symbol of Trayvon Martin's innocence . In: theguardian shortcutsblog from July 15, 2013. Retrieved July 22, 2013.
7. ↑ Mike Schneider: 911 tapes in Tray by Martin shooting released. Chicago Sun-Times, March 17, 2012; archived from the original on March 20, 2012 ; accessed on March 26, 2012 (English). 
8. ^ Matt Gutman: 911 calls released in deadly Florida shooting. nsnbc NewsNation, March 20, 2012, archived from the original on March 22, 2012 ; accessed on March 26, 2012 (English). 
9. ↑ 'Cracker' conveys history of bigotry did quietly resonates , CNN.com. Retrieved July 15, 2013. 
10. ↑ Gunman's Account of Beating by Teenager Is Detailed. March 26, 2012, accessed March 27, 2012 . 
11. ^ Matt Gutman: Trayvon Martin's Last Phone Call Triggers Demand for Arrest 'Right Now'. In: abc News. March 20, 2012, accessed March 26, 2012 . 
12. ^ Tray by Martin shooting , USA News Today. May 12, 2012. Retrieved May 22, 2012. 
13. ↑ Tray by Martin crimescene photos showing beverage , SmokingGun. May 18, 2012. Retrieved June 11, 2013. 
14. ^ Tray by Martin shooting , BBC. May 17, 2012. Retrieved May 26, 2012. 
15. ↑ ^{a b} Timeline of events: Seven deadly minutes , Miami Herald. Archived from the original on June 28, 2012. Retrieved July 19, 2013. 
16. ^ Tray by Martin 7-Eleven Surveillance Video Shows Slain Teen Shortly Before He Was Killed , Huffington Post. May 9, 2012. Retrieved December 29, 2012. 
17. ^ Tray by Martin Murder Case; Interview with Bill Maher , CNN. March 27, 2012. 
18. ^ John Rudolf: Tray by Martin Case Spotlights Florida Town's History Of 'Sloppy' Police Work . In: The Huffington Post , April 9, 2012. Retrieved April 13, 2012. 
19. ↑ ^{a b c} Tray by Martin shooting . In: USA Today , April 11, 2012. Retrieved May 22, 2012. 
20. ^ Susan Simpson: Minute-by-Minute Timeline of Trayvon Martin's Death (Notes T-Mobile phones round down) . Susan Simpson. April 5, 2012. Retrieved May 22, 2012.
21. ↑ Click Orlando: Lawyer: Trayvon Martin's girlfriend heard altercation - Grand jury to review fatal shooting in Sanford neighborhood . Click Orlando. March 20, 2012. Archived from the original on April 23, 2012. Retrieved on May 22, 2012.
22. ↑ Mayor, 2 others vote 'no confidence' in police chief . WKMG Orlando. Archived from the original on March 24, 2012. Retrieved March 22, 2012.
23. ↑ ^{a b} Sanford Police Initial Report (PDF; 231 kB) February 26, 2012. Archived from the original on July 19, 2013. Retrieved on April 7, 2012.
24. ^ ^{A b} NY Times: Documents in Tray by Martin Case (See Criminal Investigation Report, March 13th, 2012, pages 5 & 6 of 13) , NY Times. May 18, 2012. Retrieved May 25, 2012. 
25. ↑ ABC News: ABC News Exclusive Photo . ABC News. May 20, 2012. Retrieved May 25, 2012.
26. ^ NY Times: Documents in Tray by Martin Case (See photo on pg. 70) , NY Times. May 18, 2012. Retrieved May 25, 2012. 
27. ^ NY Times: Documents in Tray by Martin Case (See Sanford Fire Dept Incident Report, 2-312, lists 19:40 time) , NY Times. May 18, 2012. Retrieved May 26, 2012. 
28. ^ Dan Barry, Serge F. Kovaleski, Campbell Robertson and Lizette Alvarez: Race, Tragedy and Outrage Collide After a Shot in Florida . In: The New York Times , April 1, 2012. Retrieved May 25, 2012. 
29. ↑ Christopher Serino, Report of Investigation ( Memento of October 5, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 19.2 MB), Case Num. 201250001136, in Zimmermann Discovery release
30. ↑ ABC News: PHOTOS Released From Tray by Martin Crime Scene, George Zimmerman Injury . 9 News Now WUSA9. May 18, 2012. Archived from the original on July 24, 2013. Retrieved on May 25, 2012.
31. ↑ Serino, Chris: Documents in Tray by Martin Case (See Report of Investigation by Chris Serino, page 2 of 7) . In: The New York Times , May 18, 2012. Retrieved May 26, 2012. 
32. ↑ YouTube channel from CNN: Zimmerman's 911 call: Audio enhanced again , at 1:27.
33. ↑ Did George Zimmerman Complain About 'F * cking C ** ns' In 911 Call Before Killing Tray by Martin? . Mediaite. March 20, 2012. Retrieved October 22, 2013.
34. ↑ Ta-Nehisi Coates: Did George Zimmerman Use A Racial Slur? . In: The Atlantic , March 22, 2012. 
35. ↑ Affidavit: George Zimmerman did not use racial slur in 911 call . In: Syracuse.com , April 13, 2012. Retrieved May 3, 2012. 
36. ↑ YouTube channel thecount.com: GEORGE ZIMMERMAN TRIAL WITNESS SEAN NOFFKE 911 ... at 25:04 and 30:46
37. ↑ ABC News March 27, 2012: Tray by Martin Investigator Wanted Manslaughter Charge
38. ↑ The Miami Herald March 27, 2012: Sanford cops wanted to charge Zimmerman in Trayvon Martin case ( Memento April 1, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
39. ^ The Telegraph March 29, 2012: Trayvon Martin: police sought arrest warrant against George Zimmerman
40. ↑ Orlando Sentinel April 2, 2012: Lawyer for Trayvon's family: Wolfinger and police chief met the night teen was killed
41. ^ New York Daily News March 28, 2012: Homicide detective Chris Serino says he wanted George Zimmerman slapped with manslaughter charges in shooting death of Trayvon Martin
42. ^ Office of the State Attorney Eighteenth Judical Circuit of Florida Brevard and Seminole Counties. s. here u. a .: Meet your State Attorney Norman R. Wolfinger ( Memento from April 23, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
43. ^ New York Daily News March 28, 2012: Homicide detective Chris Serino says he wanted George Zimmerman slapped with manslaughter charges in shooting death of Trayvon Martin
44. ↑ The Grio March 28, 2012: Source: Sanford police chief, state attorney made Zimmerman 'no charge' call in person ( Memento from April 4, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
45. ↑ The Miami Herald March 27, 2012: Sanford cops wanted to charge Zimmerman in Trayvon Martin case ( Memento April 1, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
46. ^ New York Daily News March 22, 2012: Trayvon Martin case: Sanford police chief temporarily steps down
47. ↑ Click Orlando March 22, 2012: Mayor, 2 others vote 'no confidence' in police chief ( Memento of March 24, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
48. ^ The Miami Herald March 22, 2012: Embattled Sanford police chief steps down; special prosecutor named ( Memento from March 26, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
49. ^ The Sanford Herald April 20, 2011: Sanford names Lee as new police chief ( Memento of April 8, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
50. ^ The Sanford Herald May 11, 2011: Lee takes charge as chief ( Memento April 8, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
51. ^ The Sanford Herald April 25, 2011: Police chief choice brings mixed views ( Memento of April 8, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
52. ↑ WFTV March 23, 2012: Trayvon Martin: Sources say police wanted charges filed ( Memento of 30 March 2012 at the Internet Archive )
53. ↑ Orlando Sentinel April 23, 2012: Sanford commissioners reject chief of police resignation over Tray by Martin case
54. ^ The Miami Herald April 23, 2012: Sanford's city commission refuses police chief's resignation ( Memento of April 24, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
55. ↑ CNN April 24, 2012: Town where Tray by Martin died in 'limbo' after city nixes chief's resignation
56. ^ Süddeutsche Zeitung April 24, 2012: Authorities refuse police chief to resign
57. ^ Statement from State Attorney Norm Wolfinger
58. ↑ n-tv March 22, 2012: Racist murder shakes USA: Night watchman shoots teenagers
59. ↑ Orlando Sentinel March 27, 2012: Special prosecutor pleads for patience ( Memento from September 12, 2012 in the web archive archive.today )
60. ↑ WFTV March 22, 2012: Statement from Florida Governor Rick Scott Regarding the Creation of a Task Force on Citizen Safety and Protection ( Memento of March 27, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
61. ↑ The Miami Herald March 27, 2012: Sanford cops wanted to charge Zimmerman in Trayvon Martin case ( Memento April 1, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
62. ↑ WFTV March 23, 2012: Trayvon Martin: Sources say police wanted charges filed ( Memento of 30 March 2012 at the Internet Archive )
63. ^ The Miami Herald March 28, 2012: Tough-minded prosecutor in spotlight on Tray by Martin case ( Memento from April 1, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
64. ^ My FOX Orlando April 9, 2012: No grand jury in Trayvon Martin case
65. ↑ The public prosecutor decides alone on the indictment. Spiegel Online , April 10, 2012
66. ↑ Stand Your Ground authors: Trayvon Martin's shooter should likely be charged, avoid immunity. ( Memento of March 26, 2012 on the Internet Archive ) Miami Herald, March 21, 2012
67. ^ New York Daily News March 21, 2012: Trayvon Martin case: Sponsors of Florida 'Stand Your Ground' law say George Zimmerman should be arrested
68. ^ The Florida Senate. 2011 Florida Statutes. Chapter 776: Justifiable Use of Force
69. ↑ s. on this: Tampa Bay Times October 17, 2010: Five years since Florida enacted "stand-your-ground" law, justifiable homicides are up ( Memento from March 22, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
70. ↑ Murder charges in the Trayvon Martin case
71. ↑ Was the color of his skin his death sentence? In: Die Welt , March 25, 2012.
72. ^ Daniel Trotta: Black friend defends shooter of Florida teen. Reuters.com, March 25, 2012, accessed March 27, 2012 . 
73. ↑ Thousands demand justice ORF, March 25, 2012
74. ↑ Simon Evans: Heat make "hoodie" protest over Florida teenager death. Reuters.com, March 24, 2012, accessed March 26, 2012 . 
75. ↑ guardian.co.uk , skynews.com.au , dailymail.co.uk , reuters.com
76. ↑ Murder charges in the Trayvon Martin case
77. ↑ Gunman dives. Spiegel Online , April 11, 2012
78. ↑ George Zimmerman is charged with 2nd-degree murder in Trayvon Martin shooting - in the appendix: Documents. Washington Post, April 11, 2012
79. ↑ The public prosecutor decides alone on the indictment. Spiegel Online , April 10, 2012
80. ↑ Gunman is charged with murder. Spiegel Online , April 12, 2012
81. ↑ The charge is murder. Spiegel Online , April 12, 2012
82. ^ State Attorney 'Office for the Fourth Judical Circuit - Duval, Clay and Nassau Counties in Northwest Florida April 12, 2012: Press Releases: Zimmerman Probable Cause Document
83. ↑ Gunman appears for the first time in court. Spiegel Online , April 12, 2012
84. ^ Tray von evidence fails to answer who screamed for help . In: Reuters , May 18, 2012. 
85. ↑ Miami Herald April 13, 2012: Judge in George Zimmerman murder trial may be forced to step down
86. ↑ Orlando Sentinel April 13, 2012: Zimmerman's judge: My husband works for a lawyer who's doing case commentary on CNN
87. ↑ https://www.essence.com/news/george-zimmerman-asks-for-new-judge-cites-conflict-of-interest/
88. ↑ Orlando Sentinel April 16, 2012: Zimmerman's lawyer: I want a new judge
89. ^ Guardian April 18, 2012: George Zimmerman judge removes herself from trial over possible conflict
90. ↑ The judge declares herself biased. Spiegel Online , April 19, 2012
91. ↑ Orlando Sentinel April 20, 2012: George Zimmerman granted $ 150K bond, apologizes to Trayvon Martin's family
92. ↑ Guardian April 20, 2012: George Zimmerman apologises to Trayvon Martin family - Video
93. ↑ The shooter in the Tray von Martin case. Freedom on bail. Spiegel Online , April 20, 2012
94. ↑ Tray from Martin Vigilante-Gunner is released on bail. Zeit Online , April 21, 2012
95. ↑ Guardian April 20, 2012: George Zimmerman to be released on bond - as it happened
96. ↑ George Zimmerman sorry for Trayvon Martin death as bail set at $ 150,000. Guardian April 20, 2012
97. ↑ George Zimmerman to be released on bond - as it happened. Guardian April 20, 2012
98. ↑ The shooter in the Tray von Martin case. George Zimmerman released from prison. Spiegel Online , April 23, 2012
99. ↑ George Zimmerman: Temporarily free / photo gallery. Spiegel Online , April 23, 2012
100. ^ Zimmerman released from Fla. jail on bail. The Washington Times April 23, 2012
101. ↑ George Zimmerman released on bond with GPS tracker early Monday. Orlando Sentinel, April 23, 2012
102. ↑ Eighteenth Judicial Circuit Courts: Media Advisories: High Profile Cases: State v. Zimmerman (2012-CF-001083-A): Here: July 5, 2012: Order Setting Bail
103. ↑ NBC June 12, 2012: Shellie Zimmerman, wife of Trayvon Martin killer, arrested on perjury charge
104. ↑ Fox News Latino June 12, 2012: Zimmerman's Wife Charged with Perjury, Trayvon's Parents Blast 'Stand Your Ground'
105. ↑ Orlando Sentinel June 18, 2012: George Zimmerman jail calls: Trayvon Martin shooter tells wife how to move around money
106. ↑ Miami Herald June 18, 2012: Wife to Zimmerman: You're gonna have a great life
107. ^ Tray case by Martin. One million dollar bail for Zimmerman shooter. Spiegel Online , July 6, 2012
108. ^ Tray case by Martin. One million dollar bail for Zimmerman shooter. Spiegel Online , July 6, 2012
109. ↑ George Zimmerman: new court date ( Memento of August 24, 2013 in the Internet Archive ), (English)
110. ↑ New judge for shooters Zimmerman , Spiegel-Online, August 30, 2012
111. ^ Tray by Martin Shooting Fast Facts. CNN June 5, 2013
112. ^ Appeal court: Lester is out , Orlando Sentinel August 29, 2013
113. ^ Zimmerman gets new judge, but lawyers say he may regret it , The Miami Herald, August 30, 2012
114. ↑ George Zimmerman's new judge: Debra S. Nelson. Orlando Sentinel, August 31, 2012
115. ↑ Trayvon Martin Murder Trial: What Really Happened in Sanford? , Spiegel-Online, June 10, 2013
116. ↑ Jury Selection to begin in Tray by Martin killing. ( Memento from June 19, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ) The Miami Herald, June 9, 2013
117. ↑ Why the George Zimmerman trial only has a 6-member jury ( Memento from June 13, 2013 in the Internet Archive ), 13 News, June 10, 2013
118. ^ Judgment in the Trayvon Martin case: acquittal for Zimmerman neighborhood guard. Spiegel Online , July 14, 2013
119. ↑ US Department investigates civil lawsuit against Zimmerman. sueddeutsche.de
120. ↑ George Zimmerman not expected to face civil rights charges in Tray von Martin death. Washington Post, Oct. 1, 2014; accessed January 26, 2015
121. ↑ Case Trayvon Martin: The Silence of Barack Obama
122. ↑ Surprising appearance by Barack Obama: "I too could have been Trayvon Martin". Mirror online
123. ↑ In Wake of Zimmerman Verdict, Obama Makes Extensive Statement on Race in America. New York Times
124. ↑ 'Trayvon Martin could have been me 35 years ago', Obama says. The Guardian
125. ↑ Obama: "Il ya 35 ans, j'aurais pu être Tray by Martin". Le Monde
126. ↑ Obama dice que él podría haber sido tray by Martin. El País
127. ↑ Jenee Desmond-Harris: Why it matters did George Zimmerman keeps getting arrested. Vox, January 12, 2015, accessed June 4, 2020 . 
128. ↑ Police report: Accused shooter "fixated" on George Zimmerman. CBS News, May 19, 2015, accessed June 4, 2020 . 
129. ↑ Shawn Nottingham: Man sentenced in road rage shooting involving George Zimmerman. CNN, October 19, 2016, accessed June 4, 2020 . 
130. ^ Report on the successful auction of the murder weapon in the New York Times on May 19, 2016 (English); Retrieved May 19, 2016
131. ↑ Zimmerman is auctioning the pistol with which he shot Trayvon Martin for $ 250,000 , Süddeutsche from May 22, 2016
132. ↑ 10 Hilarious South Park Movie Parodies , July 23, 2020, accessed July 30, 2020
133. ↑ Macklemore References Tray by Martin, Racial Profiling in American Music Awards Acceptance Speech, November 25, 2013, accessed July 30, 2020

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