Turowo
| Turowo | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Warmia-Masuria | ||
| Powiat : | Ełk | ||
| Gmina : | Kalinowo | ||
| Geographic location : | 53 ° 55 ' N , 22 ° 46' E | ||
| Residents : | |||
| Postal code : | 19-314 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 87 | ||
| License plate : | NEL | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Milewo / ext . 661 ↔ Chomontowo - Pruska Mała - Janówka / DK 8 | ||
| Prawdziska / DK 16 - Ginie - Kile → Turowo | |||
| Rail route : | Lycker Kleinbahn (currently not in operation) | ||
| Next international airport : | Danzig | ||
Turowo ( German Thurowen (not officially correct also often Turowen ), 1938-1945 Auersberg ) is a village belonging to the municipality of Kalinowo (Kallinowen , 1938 to 1945 Dreimühlen ) in northeastern Masuria in the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship , Powiat Ełcki ( Lyck district ) .
Until 1997 there was a train station here, the end point of the Ełcka Kolej Dojazdowa , the historic Lycker Kleinbahnen. The section from Kalinowo was closed after a bridge was damaged.
geography
The village is located eight kilometers northeast of the village of Kalinowo on the eastern border of the voivodeship. It can be reached from Kalinowo via trunk road 661 in the direction of Wierzbowo (Wiersbowen , 1938 to 1945 Waldwerder ), in Milewo turn east to Turowo.
history
The Masurian place name is derived from the Slavic word tur for German aurochs . The wild cattle , which died out in the 17th century , actually appeared last in this geographic region. The village was founded in 1473.
With the Prussian territorial reform of May 27, 1874, Thurowen belonged administratively as a rural community to the Wiersbowen district (1892-1932: Wierzbowen) in the Lyck district , which in addition to Thurowen included the communities of Groß Czymochen , Kiehlen , Millewen , Sanien , Soczien and Wiersbowen and the manor district of Czymochen .
Great Czymochen and the Czymochen Manor District came to the Oletzko District in 1909 . In 1938, when the municipality of Wiersbowen was renamed, the district of the same name became the district of Waldwerder.
In December 1915, Thurowen was connected to the district town of Lyck via a 38-kilometer narrow-gauge railway line operated by the Lycker Kleinbahnen .
Due to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty , the population in the Allenstein voting area , to which Thurowen belonged, voted on July 11, 1920 on whether they would continue to belong to East Prussia (and thus Germany) or join Poland. In Thurowen, 120 people voted to remain with East Prussia, Poland did not vote.
In 1933, Thurowen had 180 inhabitants.
Thurowen was renamed on July 16, 1938 in the course of the massive Germanization of place names of Masurian origin, which was reinterpreted as "Auersberg" for an aurochs based on the tur underlying the place name .
In 1939 Auersberg (Thurowen) had 186 inhabitants.
Until the outbreak of World War II , Auersberg (Thurowen) was an East Prussian border village to Poland, to the Podlachia region there .
After the end of the Second World War in 1945, Auersberg , which was part of the German Empire , fell to Poland. The resident German population, if they had not fled, was largely expelled or resettled after 1945 and, in addition to the traditional Masurian minority, replaced by new citizens from other parts of Poland. The place Auersberg was renamed in the Polish spelling of the historical place name Thurowen in Turowo.
The small railway line leading to Turowo was taken over by the Polish State Railways (PKP) after 1945 , which was then in operation until 1997. An association is currently restoring the entire historic route for tourist purposes.
From 1975 to 1998 Turowo belonged to what was then the Suwałki Voivodeship , then joined the newly formed Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship in 1999 . Today the village is the seat of a Schulzenamt (Polish Sołectwo ) in the network of the rural community Kalinowo .
church
Before 1945 Thurowen resp. Auersberg parish in the Evangelical Church of Kallinowen in the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union and in the Roman Catholic Church of Prawdzisken (1934 to 1945 Reiffenrode , Polish Prawdziska ) in what was then the Diocese of Warmia .
Today Turowo has its own Catholic church, a branch church of the parish in Prawdziska in the Diocese of Ełk of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland . The Protestant residents orientate themselves towards the parish in the district town Ełk (Lyck) , a branch parish of the parish in Pisz ( German Johannisburg ) in the diocese of Masuria of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Polish Postal Code Directory 2013, p. 1303
- ^ Dietrich Lange, Geographical Register of Places East Prussia (2005): Auersberg
- ^ Rolf Jehke, Wierzbowen / Walderder district
- ↑ Herbert Marzian , Csaba Kenez : self-determination for East Germany. Documentation on the 50th anniversary of the East and West Prussian referendum on July 11, 1920. Editor: Göttinger Arbeitskreis , 1970, p. 88
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. District of Lyck (Lyk, Polish Elk). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Gmina Kalinowo
- ↑ Walther Hubatsch : History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia. Volume 3: Documents. Göttingen 1968, p. 493
- ^ Prawdzisken, St. Andreas
- ^ Parafia Prawdziska in the Diocese of Ełk