Wierzbowo (Kalinowo)
| Wierzbowo | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Warmia-Masuria | ||
| Powiat : | Ełk | ||
| Gmina : | Kalinowo | ||
| Geographic location : | 53 ° 56 ' N , 22 ° 41' E | ||
| Height : | 181 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 300 (2006) | ||
| Postal code : | 19-314 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 87 | ||
| License plate : | NEL | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Ext. 661 : Kalinowo / DK 16 ↔ Cimochy / ext. 655 | ||
| Rail route : | no rail connection | ||
| Next international airport : | Warsaw | ||
| Danzig | |||
| Administration (as of 2008) | |||
| Mayor : | Jozef Gorlewski | ||
Wierzbowo [vjɛʐˈbɔvɔ] ( German Wierzbowen , 1932 to 1938 Wiersbowen , 1938-1945 Waldwerder ) is a village belonging to the municipality of Kalinowo (Kallinowen , 1938 to 1945 Dreimühlen) in northeastern Masuria in the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship , Powiat Ełcki ( Lyck district ) .
Geographical location
The village is located twelve kilometers north of the village of Kalinowo on the voivodship road DW 661 leading from there to Cimochy (Groß Czymochen , 1928 to 1945 Reuss) . The district town of Ełk (Lyck) is 25 kilometers to the south-west.
history
Wiersbowen is located at one of the geographically highest points in eastern Masuria, the Marczynower Höhe, from 1938: Martinshöhe, and is based on a much older settlement, as historical fortifications of the Sudauer, which were only subject to the Teutonic Order in the 13th century , were found here belonged to a medieval castle.
The village was founded in 1546 through a contract in which Michael von Eysack transferred land to Jacob Wierzbowen, who came from Rajgród ( Podlachia ) and his sons Paul and Jan, and the taxes to be paid were regulated.
In the 17th century Wierzbowen came partly into the possession of the noble family Rogalski (later Rogalla von Bieberstein ).
In 1656 the Tatars, allied with Poland, invaded Wierzbowen and caused severe destruction and the loss of a large part of the village population.
1710 occurred in Wierzbowen from a plague - epidemic , were lost 77 fatalities as a consequence.
On May 27, 1874, in the course of a Prussian community reform, an administrative district of Wierzbowen in the administrative district of Gumbinnen (from 1905: administrative district of Allenstein ) was newly formed, which in addition to Wierzbowen itself included the communities of Groß Czymochen , Kiehlen , Millewen , Sanien , Soczien , Thurowen and the manor district of Czymochen .
In 1895 Wierzbowen had 535 inhabitants, of which 475 were Protestant , 34 Catholic and 26 others. There were 92 farms that farmed 1175 hectares.
In 1909 the municipality of Groß Czymochen and the estate of Czymochen were reclassified from the Wierzbowen district to the Oletzko district .
On December 1, 1910 there were 536 inhabitants in Wierzbowen.
Due to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty , the population in the Allenstein voting area , to which Wierzbowen belonged, voted on July 11, 1920 on whether they would continue to belong to East Prussia (and thus Germany) or join Poland. In Wierzbowen, 380 people voted to remain with East Prussia, Poland did not vote.
In 1932 the southern Millewen was reclassified from the Wierzbowen district to the Kallinowen district.
In 1933 there were 521 inhabitants in Wiersbowen.
Wiersbowen was during the Eindeutschung on 3 June 1938 Masurian place names Baltic or Slavic origin in "Forest Werder" renamed . On November 15, 1938, the administrative district was also renamed "Waldwerder".
In 1939 Waldwerder only had 463 inhabitants. There are also 76 farms and 108 apartments in the village.
After the end of the Second World War in 1945, Waldwerder , which had previously belonged to the German Empire ( East Prussia ), fell to Poland. The resident German population, as far as they had not fled, was largely expelled after 1945 and, in addition to the traditional Masurian minority, replaced by new citizens from other parts of Poland, especially from the Podlachian Raczki . The place was renamed "Wierzbowo".
The first Polish mayor of Wierzbowo was Stanisław Wasilewski in 1945, who a little later also became mayor of the Kalinowo municipality. On May 30, 1946, he died. His successor in Wierzbowo was Jan Gliński, from 1949 Zygmunt Paciorko for a long time.
From 1975 to 1998 Wierzbowo belonged to what was then the Suwałki Voivodeship , then joined the newly formed Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship in 1999 . Today the place is the seat of a Schulzenamt ( Polish Sołectwo ) and thus a place in the network of Gmina Kalinowo.
In 1978 there were 339 residents in Wierzbowo.
From 1989 to 1992 a waterworks was built in the village. Today the mayor is Józef Gorlewski, who comes from one of the six long-established Masurian families.
church
Until 1945 Wierzbowen resp. Wiersbowen and Waldwerder to the Evangelical Church in Groß Czymochen (1928 to 1945 Reuss , Polish: Cimochy) in the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union and to the Roman Catholic Church of St. Andreas in Prawdzisken (1934 to 1945 Reiffenrode , Polish Prawdziska ) parish in the then diocese of Warmia . There is still a historical Protestant cemetery from the 19th century in the village. The oldest gravestone dates from 1884.
Today Wierzbowo belongs to the Catholic Church in Cimochy in the Diocese of Ełk of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland . The Protestant residents stick to the parish in the district town of Ełk , a branch parish of the parish in Pisz ( Johannisburg ) in the Masuria diocese of the Evangelical Augsburg Church in Poland .
Personalities
The Polish folk song singer Wacław Kasprzyk lives in Wierzbowo .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Polish Postal Code Directory 2013, p. 1451
- ↑ Dietrich Lange, Geographical Location Register East Prussia (2005): Waldwerder
- ^ Rolf Jehke, Wierzbowen / Wiersbowen / Waldwerder district
- ^ Uli Schubert, community directory, district of Lyck
- ↑ Herbert Marzian , Csaba Kenez : self-determination for East Germany. Documentation on the 50th anniversary of the East and West Prussian referendum on July 11, 1920. Editor: Göttinger Arbeitskreis , 1970, p. 88
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. District of Lyck (Lyk, Polish Elk). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Gmina Kalinowo
- ↑ Walther Hubatsch : History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia. Volume 3: Documents. Göttingen 1968, p. 484
- ↑ Wierzbowen