Borzymy
| Borzymy | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Warmia-Masuria | ||
| Powiat : | Ełk | ||
| Gmina : | Kalinowo | ||
| Geographic location : | 53 ° 49 ' N , 22 ° 41' E | ||
| Height : | 125 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 500 | ||
| Postal code : | 19-313 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 87 | ||
| License plate : | NEL | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Krzyżewo / DK 16 - Grądzkie Ełckie ↔ Stożne | ||
| Sędki / DK16 - Pisanica ↔ Pomiany - Bargłów Kościelny / DK 61 | |||
| Rail route : | Ełk small railway | ||
| Next international airport : | Danzig | ||
Borzymy ( German Borszymmen , 1936–1938 Borschymmen , 1938–1945 Borschimmen ) is a village belonging to the municipality Kalinowo (Kallinowen , 1938–1945 Dreimühlen) in eastern Masuria in the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship , Powiat Ełcki ( Lyck district ).
Geographical location
Borzymy is located six kilometers southeast of the village of Kalinowo in the east of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship , 22 kilometers east of the district town of Ełk (Lyck) .
history
There was already a settlement in the Borzymy area in prehistoric times, as evidenced by a stone-age shallow grave field discovered in 1937 southeast of the village with numerous additions for the dead.
The village was first mentioned in documents in 1495 as a hand-held festival . The official founding year is 1503, when a Gregor Borzym got land here from Grand Master Friedrich von Sachsen .
In 1656 the Tatars allied with Poland invaded Borszymmen and caused severe destruction and the loss of a large part of the village population.
In 1817 the church was moved from Lyssewen ( Lysewo in Polish ) to Borszymmen after the church building there burned down in 1803.
On May 27, 1874, as part of a Prussian community reform, a Borczymmen district (from 1881: Borszymmen district ) was newly formed, which included the communities Borczymmen, Jendreyken , Lyssewen , Przepiorken , Skrzypken and Stosznen and the manor district Romotten . In 1908 the municipalities of Duttken , Gronsken and Romanowen as well as the manor district of Imionken were reclassified from the district of Dluggen to the district of Borszymmen.
In 1895 Borszymmen had 740 inhabitants, 652 of whom were Protestant , 23 Catholic and 65 of other denominations. 421 gave German, 200 Masurian and 10 Polish as language affiliation.
In October 1913, Borszymmen was connected to the district town of Lyck by a line of the Lycker Kleinbahnen , which had its end point here for a short time and was then extended in the direction of Kallinowen and Thurowen (1938–1945 Auersberg ).
In 1914 a military cemetery for those who died in the First World War was built in Borszymmen, which is still in existence today .
Due to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty , the population in the Allenstein voting area , to which Borszymmen belonged, voted on July 11, 1920 on whether they would continue to belong to East Prussia (and thus to Germany) or join Poland. In Borszymmen, 500 people voted to stay with East Prussia, Poland did not.
In 1931 the district of Borszymmen included the rural communities of Borszymmen, Duttken, Geigenau (formerly Skrzypken), Gronsken, Jendreyken, Lyssewen, Romanowen, Stosznen and Wachteldorf (formerly Przepiorken).
In 1933 there were 717 inhabitants in Borszymmen.
On February 12, 1936, the spelling of Borszymmen was officially changed to Borschymmen .
On June 3 (officially confirmed on July 16) of the year 1938, the spelling was modified again in Borschimmen in the course of the Germanization of Masurian place names .
In 1939 Borschimmen only had 684 inhabitants.
After the end of World War II in 1945, Borschimmen fell to Poland. The resident German population, if they had not fled, was largely expelled or resettled after 1945 and, in addition to the traditional Masurian minority, replaced by new citizens from other parts of Poland. The place Borschimmen was renamed Borzymy in the Polish spelling .
From 1975 to 1998 Borzymy was part of what was then the Suwałki Voivodeship ; In 1999 the newly formed Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship came into being .
On June 22nd, 2003, the 500th anniversary of the village was celebrated in Borzymy with an event in which former and present residents came together. The old village cemetery was partially restored and a memorial was given that commemorates the dead in Polish and German.
Today Borzymy is a village with the seat of a Schulzenamt ( Polish Sołectwo ) and thus a place in the network of the rural community Kalinowo (Kallinowen , 1938–1945 Dreimühlen) .
Religions
Evangelical
In 1803 Borczymmen became the seat of a parish that was moved here from Lyssewen ( Lisewo in Polish ); In 1817 a new church was inaugurated here. The parish Borszymmen belonged to the church district Lyck in the church province of East Prussia of the Evangelical Church of the Old Prussian Union until 1945 . In 1905 the branch church in Prawdzisken (1934–1945 Reiffenrode , Polish Prawdziska ) was added to the parish . Today only a few Protestant church members orient themselves towards the parish in the district town of Ełk (Lyck) , a branch parish of the parish in Pisz ( German Johannisburg ) in the diocese of Masuria of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .
Roman Catholic
Before 1945 only a few Catholics lived in Borszymmen. That changed in Borzymy after 1945. The Polish mostly Catholic new settlers took the previously evangelical church into their use and formed their own congregation, which was officially declared independent in 1992. It belongs to the deanery of the city Rajgród in the diocese of Ełk of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland , which is already in the Podlaskie Voivodeship .
traffic
Borzymy is located at the intersection of several secondary roads that connect the state road 16 with the state road 61 (in the Podlaskie Voivodeship ) and the surrounding area. Borzymy is a train station on the Ełk – Turowo ( German Lyck – Thurowo / Auersberg ) railway , which is operated by Ełcka Kolej Wąskotorowa (formerly Lycker Kleinbahnen ), but is not used for the time being.
Attractions
- Mother of God of Perpetual Help , repurposed 19th century church
Web links
- History of the village PDF file (Polish)
- Description on ostpreussen.net (German)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Polish Postal Code Directory 2013, p. 85
- ↑ Dietrich Lange: Geographical Register of Places East Prussia (2005): Borschimmen
- ↑ a b Rolf Jehke: District Borczymmen / Borszymmen / Borschymmen / Borschimmen
- ↑ Herbert Marzian , Csaba Kenez : Self-determination for East Germany - A documentation on the 50th anniversary of the East and West Prussian referendum on July 11, 1920. Editor: Göttinger Arbeitskreis , 1970, p. 83.
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. District of Lyck. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Walther Hubatsch : History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia , Volume 3 documents. Göttingen 1968, p. 493.
- ^ Parafia Borzymy