Jędrzejki
| Jędrzejki | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Warmia-Masuria | ||
| Powiat : | Ełk | ||
| Gmina : | Kalinowo | ||
| Geographic location : | 53 ° 47 ' N , 22 ° 39' E | ||
| Residents : | |||
| Postal code : | 19-314 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 87 | ||
| License plate : | NEL | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Borzymy → Jędrzejki | ||
| Rail route : |
Ełk – Turowo small railway (currently no regular service) Railway station: Borzymy |
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| Next international airport : | Gdansk Airport | ||
Jędrzejki [ˈjɛndʒɛjki] ( German Jendreyken , 1938-1945 Andreken ) is a village in the north-eastern Masuria in the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship , Powiat Ełcki ( Lyck district ), which belongs to the municipality of Kalinowo (Kallinowen , 1938 to 1945 Dreimühlen ).
Geographical location
The village is located eight kilometers as the crow flies south of the village of Kalinowo on a country road coming from Borzymy . It is located on the south-east bank of Lake Biallen (1938 to 1945 Engensee , Jezioro Białe in Polish ).
history
The place Jendreyken was first mentioned in 1504. The name is derived from the name Jędrzej (Polish form of Andreas ), which was one of the first local locators.
In 1656 the Tatars, allied with Poland, invaded large parts of Masuria, and Jendreyken was almost completely destroyed by fire. 12 residents were taken into slavery . Only four survived in the place. In the report of the Lyck governor von Auer it says about the damage balance:
"12 hooves, 4 farmsteads burned, 4 standing, half sown over winter, 5 3/4 hooves desolate, 12 people driven away, 2 cut down."
From 1800 Jendreyken had its own school.
On May 27, 1874, in the course of a Prussian community reform, a new district Borczymmen (from 1881: Borszymmen , from 1936 Borschymmen , from 1938 Borschimmen , Polish Borzymy ) was formed, which includes the communities Borczymmen , Jendreyken, Lissewen , Przepiorken , Skrzypken and Stosznen as well as the Romotten manor district includes lakes. In 1908 the municipalities of Duttken , Gronsken and Romanowen and the Imionken manor district were reclassified from the previous Dluggen district to the Borszymmen district.
In 1895 there were 70 inhabitants in Jendreyken, 52 of whom were Protestant. 55 residents stated Masurian as the language, 10 only German. There were 13 farms in the village that cultivated 222 hectares . On December 1, 1910, 69 residents were registered in Jendreyken.
Due to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty , the population in the Allenstein voting area , to which Jendreyken belonged, voted on July 11, 1920 on whether they would continue to belong to East Prussia (and thus to Germany) or join Poland. In Jendreyken, 60 residents voted to remain with East Prussia, Poland did not vote.
In 1931 the district of Borszymmen then comprised the rural communities of Borszymmen, Duttken, Geigenau, Gronsken (formerly Skrzypken), Jendreyken, Lyssewen, Romanowen, Stosznen and Wachteldorf (formerly Przepiorken).
In 1933 there were 71 inhabitants in Jendreyken.
Jendreyken was renamed "Andreken" on July 16, 1938 as part of the massive Germanization of Masurian place names of Baltic or Slavic origin. The first name on which Jendreyken was based was translated into the usual German form Andreas.
In 1939 Andreken (Jendreyken) had 69 residents.
After the end of the Second World War in 1945 Andreken , which was part of the German Empire ( East Prussia ), fell to Poland. The resident German population, as far as they had not fled, was largely expelled or resettled after 1945 and replaced by new citizens from other parts of Poland in addition to the traditional Masurian minority , of which four long-established families then remained in the village. The advancing settlers came mainly from the municipality of Bargłów in the Podlachian region of Rajgród . The place Andreken was renamed "Jędrzejki" according to the Polish spelling of the historical place name.
In 1949 there were 12 farms in Jędrzejki.
From 1975 to 1998 Jędrzejki belonged to what was then the Suwałki Voivodeship , then joined the newly formed Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship in 1999 .
In 1978 there were still 49 people living in Jędrzejki. There were nine farms. On the outskirts of the community there is still a partially destroyed Protestant cemetery from German times.
Today the place is the seat of a Schulzenamt ( Polish Sołectwo ) and thus a place in the network of Gmina Kalinowo .
Religions
Until 1945 Jendreyken was parish in the Protestant church Borszymmen in the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union and in the Roman Catholic Church Prawdzisken (1934 to 1945 Reiffenrode , Polish Prawdziska ) in the Diocese of Warmia .
Today Jędrzejki belongs to the Catholic parish Borzymy in the Diocese of Ełk of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland . The Protestant residents stick to the parish in the town of Ełk (Lyck) , a branch parish of the Pisz (Johannisburg) parish in the Masurian diocese of the Evangelical Augsburg Church in Poland .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Polish Postal Code Directory 2013, p. 401
- ^ Dietrich Lange, Geographical Register of Places East Prussia (2005): Andreken
- ↑ a b Rolf Jehke, Borczymmen / Borszymmen / Borschymmen / Borschimmen district
- ^ Uli Schubert, community directory, district of Lyck
- ↑ Herbert Marzian , Csaba Kenez : self-determination for East Germany - A documentary on the 50th anniversary of the East and West Prussian referendum on 11 July 1920 ; Editor: Göttinger Arbeitskreis , 1970, p. 84
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. District of Lyck (Lyk, Polish Elk). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Gmina Kalinowo
- ↑ a b Jendreyken