Vipava

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Vipava
Vipava coat of arms Map of Slovenia, position of Vipava highlighted
Basic data
Country SloveniaSlovenia Slovenia
Historic region Coastal land / Primorska
Statistical region Goriška (Gorica)
Coordinates 45 ° 51 '  N , 13 ° 58'  E Coordinates: 45 ° 50 '49 "  N , 13 ° 57' 42"  E
height 102  m. i. J.
surface 107.4  km²
Residents 5,468 (2008)
Population density 51 inhabitants per km²
Post Code 5271
License Plate GO
Structure and administration
Mayor : Ivan Princes
Website

Vipava (German Wippach , Italian Vipacco ) is a town and municipality in western Slovenia near Nova Gorica with 5468 (2008) inhabitants. It is located at the source of the river of the same name in the Vipava Valley ( Vipavska dolina ) at an altitude of 102 m. The village has 1564 inhabitants (2002). The area around Vipava is known for its bird cherries and its wine .

Districts of the entire municipality

history

The area was probably already settled by the Illyrians and Celts in prehistoric times. The name is derived from the Celtic word vip for river. In 394 the area around the village was the scene of the Battle of Frigidus . Slovenes settled in the region towards the end of the 6th century. Towards the end of the 8th century, the Vipava valley became part of the Frankish Empire and Christianization began.

In the Middle Ages , the region then belonged to the Duchy of Friuli , the Counts of Gorizia - during this time the current place was first mentioned in 1367 -, the Patriarchs of Aquileia and, for a short time, the Republic of Venice . In the 16th century the city was an important center of the Reformation in Slovenia. Finally, from 1535, Vipava came to the Duchy of Carniola under the sovereignty of the Habsburgs , until 1918, when it was occupied by Italian troops and added to the Kingdom of Italy .

Between 1922 and 1943 the Italian fascists pursued a consistent Italianization. Many residents joined an anti-fascist movement . During the Second World War , it was an important center of Yugoslav resistance. In 1945 the city was liberated from Yugoslav partisans and in 1947 incorporated into the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia . In 1991 it finally became part of the independent state of Slovenia and now belongs to the Goriška region.

Attractions

Sources of Vipava and Podskala Park

They are among the continually rich karst springs of the vast karst hinterland of the Nanos and part of the Postojna basin.

  • One of the Vipava springs in Podskala Park

  • Podskala Park with Vipava origin

  • Tabor Bridge over the Young Vipava

Tabor fortress

In 1367 Vipava is mentioned as a market. At the main sources of the Vipava, two round towers of the Tabor fortress have been preserved. In the inner courtyard of the Tabor there is a striking, heavily converted, representative building from the 17th century.

Tabor Bridge

After the origin of the Vipava River, an old Roman two-arched stone bridge spans it after a few dozen meters, which is still in use today. Since it is right next to the fortress, it is also called Tabor. At the bridgehead there is an old milestone with the inscription "11 miles from Laibach". An Austrian post mile is exactly 7.585 935 360 kilometers. Thus the distance from Vipava to Ljubljana is 83.445 kilometers.

  • Tabor Bridge and Tabor Fortress Tower

  • Tabor Bridge over the Vipava River

  • Lantern and window on the Tabor tower

Baroque castle of the Lanthieri

The palace on the main square was completed in 1762. A partially preserved park with allegories , fountains and statues extends in front of the baroque building with a mature facade . The back of the complex is surrounded by the strong gushing springs of the Vipava River. The interior decorated with stucco was renovated in 1962. The Venetian poet and playwright Carlo Goldoni lived in this castle from 1726 to 1727 .

  • Front of the Lanthieri Castle

  • Back of the Lanthieri Castle at the Vipava origin

  • One of the arms of the Vipava River crossing the castle

  • Statues in the Lanthieri Castle Park

  • Fountain in the Lanthieri Castle Park

Steeple of the Stephanuskirche

graveyard

Two 4,500-year-old sarcophagi made of porphyry , which is more available in Europe only four, since 1845 the story of Anton Laurin, tell already Honorary Consul of the Austrian monarchy at the Egyptian court, the Austrian consul general in Egypt and Ehrenritter Anton von Laurin (1789- 1869) sent two ancient Egyptian sarcophagi to his native city of Vipava in 1845. The sarcophagi date from the fourth and fifth dynasties (the 25th and 26th centuries BC) and were discovered in the tower tombs of the two courtiers at the foot of the Khafres pyramid in Giza . The left sarcophagus belonged to the courtier Rawer and today the underage son of Laurin Albert Alexander is buried in this sarcophagus. The right sarcophagus belonged to Prince Junmin, who was probably the son of King Mikerin. Now Laurin's father and mother, Jernej and Jozefa, née Ursic, are buried in the sarcophagus.

Saint Stephen Church

The exterior of the presbytery shows the Gothic style of the sacred building, but it was changed to Baroque style in the middle of the 18th century. The bell tower with its extraordinarily valuable stone ornamentation is dominant. The frescoes on the vault of the presbytery are by F. Jelovsek from 1752, those in the apse of the chancel by J. Wolf (1876–1877). The presbytery was built in the first half of the 18th century.

Hunting lodge Zemono

Hunting lodge Zemono

On a hill near Zemono is a late Renaissance castle surrounded by vineyards . The Venetian poet and playwright Carlo Goldoni stayed here as a guest. From here you have a view of the villages Duplje and Vrhpolje. The Battle of Frigidus took place in this area on September 5 and 6, 394, in which the Roman Emperor Theodosius defeated his adversary Eugenius . The castle with its pine grove is also popular with Slovenian and foreign wedding parties .

Surroundings of Vipava

Pilgrimage church Maria Trost in Log

Pilgrimage church Maria Trost in Log

One kilometer further in the direction of Ajdovščina , on the main road, lies the hamlet of Log, which belongs to Budanje . The striking Church of Our Lady in Log from 1619, which was enlarged in the 19th century, cannot be overlooked. The church has three bell towers, a wide nave and two narrower baroque aisles . In the extensive chancel, frescos by F. Kurz von Goldenstein adorn the walls. They date from the middle of the 19th century and are the first example of Nazarene painting in Slovenia. The high altar is a Venetian work from around 1800, the painting Maria with Child was created by M. Stroj in 1861.

Vrhpolje

Vrhpolje

Sebastjan Krelj's birth house

Located at 134 meters above sea level and one kilometer to the north from Vipava and with 541 inhabitants, it has had a special feature since 1994: as a memorial to the Battle of Frigidus , a 3.5 meter memorial on a rock above the settlement was erected on a rock above the settlement high stone cross erected and dedicated.

Sons and daughters

The Austrian diplomat Sigismund von Herberstein (1486–1566) and the Protestant Slovenian writer Sebastian Krelj (1538–1567) were born in Vipava. The Jesuit, missionary and explorer Bernhard Diestel (* around 1620, † 1660 in Jinan in the Chinese Empire) also came from Vipava.

  • Old castle ruins (Stari Grad)

  • Gora, Budanje and Duplje

Web links

Commons : Vipava  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Wippach in the Topographia Austriacarum (Matthäus Merian)  - sources and full texts