Vitis aestivalis
| Vitis aestivalis | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vitis aestivalis |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Vitis aestivalis | ||||||||||||
| Michx. |
Vitis aestivalis , also called summer grapevine , is a species of plant belonging to the genus grapevines ( Vitis ) within the grapevine family (Vitaceae). It is common in the USA . This wild grape was often the intersection of hybrid grape used.
description
.jpg)
Vegetative characteristics
Vitis aestivalis is a deciduous, woody plant that grows as a shrub (liana) that usually climbs up to 10, more rarely up to 20 meters . He climbs with branched tendrils. The shoot axes usually have a diameter of about 2.5 centimeters, but they can be up to 23 centimeters in diameter in around 100-year-old specimens. The reddish-brown bark comes off in strips.
The leaves are divided into leaf blade and petiole.
Generative characteristics
Many flowers stand together in paniculate inflorescences . The fragrant flowers are yellowish green. The fruits, they are berries , have a diameter of 0.5 to 1.2 centimeters.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 38.
Systematics
The first publication on Vitis aestivalis took place in 1803 by André Michaux in Flora Boreali-Americana (Michaux) , 2, pages 230-231. A synonym for Vitis aestivalis Michx. is Vitis rufotomentosa Small .
Vitis aestivalis is very similar to the species Vitis lincecumii . The researcher UT Waterfall therefore made the suggestion in 1966 in his work Keys to the Flora of Oklahoma that a distinction between the two species should be abolished. Essentially, the berries, as well as the seeds of Vitis lincecumii , are usually slightly larger. But no author followed that up afterwards.
The species Vitis aestivalis belongs to the group Aestivales in the subgenus Euvitis within the genus grapevines ( Vitis ).
Of Vitis aestivalis there are three or four subspecies:
- Vitis aestivalis Michx. var. aestivalis (Syn .: Vitis smalliana L.H.Bailey , Vitis aestivalis var. glauca (Munson) LHBailey , Vitis aestivalis var. smalliana (LHBailey) Comeaux , Vitis gigas J.H. Fennel , Vitis lincecumii var. glauca Munson ): It is in the US - States of Connecticut , Indiana , Massachusetts , New Hampshire , New Jersey , New York , Ohio , Pennsylvania , Rhode Island , Vermont , West Virginia , Illinois , Kansas , Missouri , Oklahoma , Alabama , Arkansas , Delaware , Florida , Georgia , Kentucky , Louisiana , Maryland , Mississippi , North Carolina , South Carolina , Tennessee , Virginia and Texas .
- Vitis aestivalis var. Bicolor Deam (Syn .: Vitis aestivalis var. Argentifolia Fernald , Vitis argentifolia Munson ex LHBailey ): It is distributed in eastern to central North America from the Canadian southern Ontario via the US states Connecticut, Indiana, Massachusetts, Michigan , New Hampshire, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont , West Virginia, Illinois, Iowa , Minnesota, Missouri , Wisconsin , Alabama, Georgia , Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina, northwestern South Carolina, Tennessee to Virginia.
- Vitis aestivalis var. Linsecomii (Buckley) LHBailey (Syn .: Vitis linsecomii Buckley ): It occurs only in the southern US states of western Louisiana and Texas.
use
The Indian tribe of the Cherokee was already using a "variety" of Vitis aestivalis as part of religious rituals .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c data sheet at FEIS = Fire Effects Information System of the US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service.
- ↑ Vitis aestivalis - Datasheet at Missouri Botanical Garden.
- ^ Vitis aestivalis at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ^ Vitis aestivalis at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed March 10, 2019.
- ↑ a b c d e Vitis aestivalis in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved March 10, 2019.
- ↑ Vitis aestivalis aestivalis (Summer Grape) - data sheet from Illinois Wildflowers .
- ↑ Vitis aestivalis bicolor (Silverleaf Grape) - data sheet from Illinois Wildflowers .
- ↑ James Mooney: History, Myths, and Sacred Formulas of the Cherokees. Historical Images, 1992, ISBN 0-914875-19-1 .
literature
- Pierre Galet : Cépages et vignobles de France, Tome 1 - les vignes américaines . 2nd Edition. 1988, ISBN 2-902771-03-7 .
- Pierre Galet: Dictionnaire encyclopédique des cépages . 1st edition. Hachette Livre, 2000, ISBN 2-01-236331-8 .
Web links
- Vitis aestivalis at Plants For A Future . Retrieved March 10, 2019.
- Vitis aestivalis in the Vitis database. ( Memento from December 15, 2014 in the web archive archive.today )
- USDA data sheet.