Hartlepool
| Hartlepool | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Coordinates | 54 ° 41 ′ N , 1 ° 13 ′ W | ||
| OS National Grid | NZ508331 | ||
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| Residents | 86,075 (as of: 2001) | ||
| administration | |||
| Post town | HARTLEPOOL | ||
| ZIP code section | TS24 - TS27 | ||
| prefix | 01429 | ||
| Part of the country | England | ||
| region | North East England | ||
| Shire county | Durham | ||
| District | Hartlepool | ||
| British Parliament | Hartlepool | ||
| Website: hartlepool.gov.uk | |||
Hartlepool [ hɑːtlɪpuːl ] is a port city on the North Sea in the District Hartlepool in the Northeast of England , to ceremonial occasions County Durham heard. In 2011 it had a population of 86,075 and the Borough of Hartlepool 92,028.
geography
Hartlepool belongs to the North East England region . It connects to the Teesside conurbation to the north , but is also often added to it. About 430,000 people live in the total area known as Teesside & Hartlepool Urban Area . The distance to London is about 400 kilometers.
history
Today's Hartlepool emerged from two places, Headland (also called Old Hartlepool) and the much younger West Hartlepool. Headland was settled in the 7th century after an Anglo-Saxon monastery was founded nearby in 640 , in which Hilda von Whitby first worked as a nun, from 649 also as abbess . This monastery was attacked by the Danes in 800 and completely destroyed. The oldest surviving building in Hartepool is today St. Hilda's Church, which was built in 1185.
For several centuries Hartlepool was a small fishing village with a natural harbor. In 1201 the residents of King John received the right to form a city council through a royal charter . In the following years Hartlepool became the most important seaport for the powerful bishops of Durham . The English crown also used the port to commandeer ships and seamen in their wars against Scotland . In the 13th century, defensive walls were built around the place to protect against marauding Scots, some of which can still be seen today. At Sandwell Gate, a gate built in the 14th century, the wall is more than eight feet thick.
Until the 18th century, the port was one of the busiest on the east coast of England, but then it became increasingly less important. At the beginning of the 19th century, Hartlepool was best known as a resort for the wealthy.
That changed in the 1830s when a railroad was built to connect Hartlepool to the coal mines in South Durham Coalfield. The port facilities were expanded and the port became a transshipment point for coal and wood. In 1847 a second port facility, the West Hartlepool Dock Company , was put into operation in the southwest of the old Hartlepool . The newly created town of West Hartlepool grew very quickly and was soon larger than Old Hartlepool: In 1881 Headland had 12,361 inhabitants, West Hartlepool, however, around 28,000. During the First World War , more than 100 people died in the bombardment of Hartlepool by ships of the German Navy on December 16, 1914.
The Borough of Hartlepool used to be part of the traditional county of County Durham . In 1974 it became part of the newly formed county of Cleveland . After this was dissolved again in 1996, the Borough of Hartlepool as a Unitary Authority is an independent administrative unit that only belongs to County Durham for ceremonial occasions.
Legend of the hanged monkey
Hartlepool is known in England for the execution of a monkey, the only survivor of a French ship that ran aground off Hartlepool during the Napoleonic Wars . Because the inhabitants did not know what a Frenchman looked like, the monkey was accused of espionage and hanged. Because of this legend, Hartlepool United football club's mascot is a monkey named H'Angus the monkey . The costume was worn by Stuart Drummond , who became one of the UK's first directly elected Mayors in 2002 .
politics
The Labor politician Peter Mandelson represented Hartlepool in the British House of Commons as a delegate from 1992 to 2004. The successor and current representative is his party colleague Iain Wright.
Town twinning
Hartlepool has twinned cities with
Culture and sights
The museum ship HMS Trincomalee is located in the historic part of the Hartlepool docks . The frigate is Britain's oldest floating ship.
Sports
The Hartlepool United football club is based in Hartlepool . For the 2007/08 season he rose to League One , the third highest division in English football. The club plays its home games in the 7,691-seat Victoria Park stadium .
The rugby union club West Hartlepool RFC rose for the 2008/09 season in what was then North 1 , the fifth-highest division. In the mid-1990s, the club was still playing in the Premiership , but had to file for bankruptcy and move the game to the lower class.
Economy and Infrastructure
Hartlepool has the active Hartlepool nuclear power plant with two reactor blocks .
traffic
Hartlepool is located on the A178, A179, A689, A1048, A1049 and A1086 A-roads . Five kilometers southwest of Hartlepool, the A689 crosses the A19 ( Newcastle - Doncaster ), which is similar to a motorway and runs past the city in a north-south direction.
The city is on the Durham Coast Line , a railway line that runs from Middlesbrough to Newcastle. Northern Rail offers hourly train connections in both directions on it. Since December 2007, Grand Central Railway has operated a direct connection to London from Sunderland via Hartlepool, Eaglescliffe , Northallerton , Thirsk and York . Seaton Carew , located in the borough, also has a station on the route. The Hartlepool nuclear power plant is connected to the railway network via a freight branch.
Arriva operates several inner-city bus routes in Hartlepool and Stagecoach offers regional connections to Billingham , Stockton and Middlesbrough. Other bus routes run to Peterlee , Durham , Dalton Park , Sunderland and Newcastle.
The Durham Tees Valley Airport is 25 km away and Newcastle airport about 60 km from Hartlepool away.
Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
- Joseph Isherwood (1870–1937), marine engineer
- Reg Smythe (1917–1998), cartoonist and comic artist
- Teddy Gardner (1922–1977), European professional boxer champion
- Patrick Leo McCartie (1925-2020), Roman Catholic Bishop of Northampton
- Reginald Hill (1936–2012), writer
- Jeremy Spencer (born 1948), musician
- Adrian Tilbrook (* 1948), musician
- Janick Gers (* 1957), musician
- Andy Linighan (born 1962), football player
- Jonathan Wright (* 1969), historian
- Ian Gallagher (born 1978), football player
- Graeme Storm (* 1978), professional golfer
- Lindsay Johnson (born 1980), soccer player
- Simon Webster (born 1981), rugby union player
- Amanda Coulson (born 1982), boxer
- David Murphy (born 1984), soccer player
- Andrew Taylor (born 1986), football player
- Jemma Lowe (* 1990), swimmer
- Savannah Marshall (born 1991), boxer
- Michael Rice (* 1997), musician
Web links
- The Borough of Hartlepool site (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ KS01 population
- ↑ Office for National Statistics: Area: Hartlepool (Local Authority) ( English ) Neighborhood Statistics. Archived from the original on July 29, 2014. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved May 10, 2017.
- ↑ The sum results from estimates of the population of Teesside, Hartlepool, Yarm and Eaglescliffe.
- ^ FAZ.net (republication from December 16, 1914): The bombardment of the English east coast . Accordingly, The Times suspected that the projectiles should hit coastal batteries at the port entrance
- ↑ town twinning
