Wieliczki

Wieliczki
	Wieliczki
Basic data
State :	Poland
Voivodeship :	Warmia-Masuria
Powiat :	Olecki
Gmina :	Wieliczki
Geographic location :	53 ° 59 '  N , 22 ° 34'  E Coordinates: 53 ° 59 '8 "  N , 22 ° 33' 42"  E
Residents :	730 (2006)
Postal code :	19-404
Telephone code :	(+48) 87
License plate :	NOE
Economy and Transport
Street :	DW655 ( Giżycko ) - Suwałki
	Wysokie –Wieliczki
	Szczecinki –Wieliczki
Rail route :	Olecko – Suwałki railway line
Next international airport :	Danzig

Wieliczki ( German Wielitzken , 1938-1945 Wallenrode ) is a village in the Powiat Olecki of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship in Poland . It is the seat of the rural community of the same name with 3326 inhabitants (as of June 30, 2019).

Wieliczki from the air

Geographical location

Wieliczki is located in the east of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship . The district town of Olecko (Marggrabowa / Oletzko / Treuburg) is seven kilometers to the north-west and to the border with the Podlaskie Voivodeship (it runs one kilometer further east than the former German-Polish border ) is nine kilometers east.

history

The small village Welitzcken - 1770 Wieleitzken and until 1938 Wielitzken called - was founded in the 1540th On May 27, 1874, it became the official village and thus the seat and eponymous for an administrative district that existed until 1945 and belonged to the Oletzko district (1933 to 1945 Treuburg district) in the Gumbinnen administrative district of the Prussian province of East Prussia .

In 1910 Wielitzken had a total of 494 inhabitants, in 1933 there were 616, in 1939 588 and in 2006 even 730.

Due to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty , the population in the Allenstein voting area , to which Wielitzken belonged, voted on July 11, 1920 on whether they would continue to belong to East Prussia (and thus to Germany) or join Poland. In Wielitzken, 395 residents voted to remain with East Prussia, Poland did not vote.

On June 3 (officially confirmed on July 16) of the year 1938, Wielitzken was renamed “Wallenrode” for political and ideological reasons to defend against foreign-sounding place names.

In 1945 the village was in consequence of the war with the entire southern East Prussia to Poland and carries since then the Polish form of the name "Wieliczki". Today the place is the seat of a Schulzenamt ( Polish sołectwo ) and also the official seat of the rural community Wieliczki, to which the village itself belongs and which is located in Powiat Olecki, until 1998 of the Suwałki Voivodeship , since then it has belonged to the Warmia-Masurian Voivodeship.

Wielitzken / Wallenrode district (1874–1945)

When it was established on May 27, 1874, five villages belonged to the Wielitzken district. Because the district was spared from structural changes (but not from renaming), all five localities were still integrated into the "Wallenrode District" on January 1, 1945 - renamed on September 13, 1938:

Surname	Change name from 1938 to 1945	Polish name
Niedzwetzken	(from 1926 :) Bärengrund	Niedźwiedzken
Seesken Ksp. Great Czymochen / Reuss	Draheim	Szeszki
Sobollen	Richtenberg (Kr. Treuburg)	Sobole
Wielitzken	Wallenrode	Wieliczki
Willkassen		Wilkasy

church

→ Main article : Wielitzken Church

Church building

The Wielitzken Church (Wallenrode)

Between 1674 and 1676 a wooden church was built in Wielitzken , which rests on a field stone foundation and is one of the few preserved churches of this type in East Prussia today . The west tower with a square base was only built in 1693/94. Inside there is an altar from the beginning of the 18th century carved by the sculptor Schöbel from Marggrabowa , as well as a decorated pulpit from the same period but from a different workshop.

The church suffered severe damage during World War I and was restored between 1925 and 1927, with the interior painting being done by Ernst Frey from Berlin . The church was a Protestant place of worship for 270 years . Since 1946 it has been used for Roman Catholic services - as a parish church , which bears the name Kościół Narodzenia Najświętszej Maryi Panny ( German  Church of the Birth of Mary ).

Parish

Evangelical

Wielitzken was already a church village in the pre-Reformation period . The Reformation found its way here as early as the first half of the 16th century. Lutheran clergymen officiated here from 1552. In 1925 the parish of Wielitzken had 4008 parishioners who lived in more than twenty villages and places. Until 1945 the parish of Wielitzken (Wallenrode) was incorporated into the church district Oletzko / Treuburg in the church province of East Prussia of the church of the Old Prussian Union .

Flight and expulsion of the local population put an end to the life of the Protestant community. Today only a few Protestant church members live in the Wieliczki region. They are oriented towards the parish churches in Ełk (Lyck) and Suwałki , both of which are located in the Masuria diocese of the Evangelical Augsburg Church in Poland .

Roman Catholic

Today's Wieliczki Church in winter

Before 1945 only very few Catholic church members lived in Wielitzken (Wallenrode) and the surrounding area. They were parish in the parish church in Marggrabowa (Oletzko / Treuburg) in the Diocese of Warmia .

After 1945, many Polish citizens settled in Wieliczki, almost all of whom were Roman Catholic. They held their masses in the former Protestant church and in 1956 they established a parish here. She is in the Dean's Office Olecko - św. Jana Apostoła included in the Ełk Diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland .

Cemetery of honor

There is a military cemetery in Wieliczki , which is a resting place for those who died between 1914 and 1918. Ten German and 26 Russian soldiers are buried here.

local community

The rural community (gmina wiejska) Wieliczki with an area of ​​141 km² includes the village itself and 20 other villages with school administration offices (sołectwa).

→ Main article : Gmina Wieliczki

Partnerships

Gmina Wieliczki has a partnership with the Mäetaguse municipality in Estonia.

traffic

Street

The entrance of DW 655 (ul. Lipowa) in Wieliczki

Wieliczki is located on the voivodship road DW655 , which is important for traffic and connects the two voivodships Warmia-Masuria and Podlaskie with the regions Giżycko (Lötzen) , Olecko (Marggrabowa / Oletzko / Treuburg) and Suwałki . In addition, side roads connect the place with the surrounding area.

rails

Wieliczki and the “Wieliczki Oleckie” railway station are on the Olecko – Suwałki railway line , which today is no longer used for passenger traffic and only sporadically for freight traffic. However, there are plans to reactivate the route.

Web links

Commons : Wieliczki  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Polish Postal Code Directory 2013, p. 1448
2. ^ Dietrich Lange, Geographical Register of Places East Prussia (2005): Wallenrode
3. ↑ ^{a b} Rolf Jehke, Wielitzken / Wallenrode district
4. ^ Uli Schubert, municipality directory, district of Oletzko
5. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Landkreis Treuburg (Oletzko). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
6. ↑ Herbert Marzian , Csaba Kenez : self-determination for East Germany. Documentation on the 50th anniversary of the East and West Prussian referendum on July 11, 1920. Editor: Göttinger Arbeitskreis , 1970, p. 67
7. ↑ Walther Hubatsch : History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia. Volume 2: Pictures of East Prussian churches. Göttingen 1968, p. 116, figs. 529-530
8. ↑ Wieliczki - Wielitzken / Wallenrode
9. ^ Gallery of historical pictures of the Wielitzken Church
10. ↑ Walther Hubatsch: History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia. Volume 3: Documents. Göttingen 1968, p. 484
11. ↑ Friedwald Moeller: Old Prussian Evangelical Pastor's Book from the Reformation to the Expulsion in 1945. Hamburg 1968, p. 149
12. ↑ Parafia Wieliczki / Diocese of Ełk ( Memento of the original from September 23, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
13. ^ Wielitzken / Wieliczki military cemetery