Wilhelm Anton von Klewiz

Wilhelm Anton von Klewiz

Wilhelm Anton Klewiz , from 1803 von Klewiz (also Klewitz ), (born August 1, 1760 in Magdeburg , † July 26, 1838 in Magdeburg) was a Prussian politician and administrative officer and was one of the conservative reformers in Prussia at the beginning of the 19th century.

Life

Klewiz attended the cathedral high school in Magdeburg . Coming from a middle-class background, Klewiz studied law from 1779 to 1781 at the Friedrichs University in Halle and the Georg August University in Göttingen . In addition, he devoted himself to chemistry and mathematics . His first position was in 1783 as a trainee lawyer at the Magdeburg War and Domain Chamber . In this function he took over the management of the Salt Office in Schönebeck (Elbe) . In 1785 Klewiz became assessor and war and domain councilor . He later became a chamber director. In 1793 Klewiz was responsible for the administrative and legal integration of the formerly Polish territories that fell to Prussia.

In 1794 Klewiz married Karoline Henriette Augusta Rumpff. The marriage resulted in two children: Caroline Wilhelmine von Klewiz (1795-1823) and Carl Wilhelm von Klewiz (* December 4, 1800 in Berlin; † December 12, 1841 in Munich). During this time he joined the Monday Club in Berlin, to which he was a member from 1799 to 1822. In 1803 Klewiz was ennobled for his services.

Pioneer of the Zollverein from 1834, v. l. To the right: Friedrich von Motz (Prussian Finance Minister 1825–1830), Karl Georg Maaßen (Prussian Finance Minister 1830–1834), Wilhelm Anton von Klewiz (Prussian Finance Minister 1817–1825) and Johann Albrecht Friedrich von Eichhorn (Director in the Prussian Foreign Ministry 1815-1840)

As President of the Chamber in Posen , Klewiz was responsible for mobilizing the Prussian troops there in 1805 . After the Prussian defeat of Prussia, he took over in Königsberg i. Pr. The chair of the combined immediate commission for money operations and poor relief. Commissioned by Karl August von Hardenberg , the recognized administrative and tax lawyer Klewiz and Theodor von Schön drafted the ordinance on the amended state constitution of all the highest state authorities in 1810 .

In 1813, during the Wars of Liberation , he became the civil governor of the former Prussian areas between the Elbe and Weser , which had been ceded by Prussia after the defeat in 1807. Until 1816 he worked on the reintegration of these areas into Prussia, for which he received the title Real Privy Council in 1816 . At the end of 1816, von Klewiz, as government commissioner, was given a trip to the Rhineland, which had just become Prussian, in order to prepare countermeasures for the impending famine there. In 1817 Klewiz became Prussian Minister of Finance. He was one of the pioneers of the Zollverein .

He returned to Magdeburg in 1824 and in 1825 took over the office of Upper President of the Province of Saxony from Friedrich Christian Adolph von Motz , which he held until 1837. The main focus of work was educational and religious matters, as well as mining. On behalf of the Prussian king, he headed the newly established provincial parliament as state parliament commissioner .

Honors

In addition to the elevation to the peerage in 1803, he became in 1814 from his hometown of Magdeburg with the civic crown honored and thus the honorary citizen of the city, in 1816 as the first honorary citizen of Halberstadt . Later also the honorary citizenship of the city of Halle (Saale) followed. On his 50th service anniversary in 1833 Klewiz was taken over by the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III. honored with the Order of the Black Eagle . The University of Halle-Wittenberg awarded him an honorary doctorate ( Dr. phil. Hc ). Klewiz, who was accepted into the Magdeburg Freemason Lodge Ferdinand zur Glückseligkeit in 1784 , was made an honorary member of the same lodge in 1814.

Today a street ( Klewitzstraße ) is named after him in his hometown Magdeburg .

Works

• Tax Constitution in the Duchy of Magdeburg , Volume 1, 1797.
• General tax constitution in the Prussian monarchy and special property tax constitutions in the Prussian province of Saxony , 1828.
• The provincial law of the Duchy of Magdeburg and the County of Mansfeld Old Prussian Antheils, 1837.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Family research on the family name "Klewitz" (last accessed on June 19, 2019).
2. ↑ The Monday Club in Berlin 1749-1899: u fixed. Commemorative publication for his 150th annual celebration / (Ed .: G (ustav) A (dolf) Sachse and Eduard Droop). Berlin: J. Sittenfeld, 1899, No. 91, pp. 126-127.
3. ^ Hans-Heinrich Bass : Hunger crises in Prussia during the first half of the 19th century. Scripta Mercaturae Verlag, St. Katharinen 1991, ISBN 3-922661-90-4 , pp. 139-142.
4. ^ Honorary citizen of the city of Magdeburg . Magdeburg 1994 p. 8f.
5. ↑ Halberstadt's first honorary citizen: Anton von Klewitz (last June 19, 2019).

literature

• Paul Bailleu :  Klewiz, Wilhelm Anton von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 16, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1882, p. 180 f.
• Hans Herzfeld : Wilhelm Anton von Klewiz . In: Central German Life Pictures. Volume 1, Life Pictures of the 19th Century, Magdeburg 1926, pp. 12–30.
• Stephan Skalweit :  Klewitz, Wilhelm v .. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 12, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1980, ISBN 3-428-00193-1 , p. 60 f. ( Digitized version ).
• Martin Wiehle : Magdeburg personalities. Published by the Magistrate of the City of Magdeburg, Department of Culture. imPuls Verlag, Magdeburg 1993, ISBN 3-910146-06-6 .
• Roswitha Willenius: Klewiz, Wilhelm Anton. In: Guido Heinrich, Gunter Schandera (ed.): Magdeburg Biographical Lexicon 19th and 20th centuries. Biographical lexicon for the state capital Magdeburg and the districts of Bördekreis, Jerichower Land, Ohrekreis and Schönebeck. Scriptum, Magdeburg 2002, ISBN 3-933046-49-1 .

Web links

• Wilhelm Anton von Klewiz in the Magdeburg Biographical Lexicon