Wilhelm Lehmann

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This bust, created by Manfred Sihle-Wissel , has been on the Eckernförde town hall market since 2005.

Wilhelm Lehmann (born May 4, 1882 in Puerto Cabello , Venezuela , † November 17, 1968 in Eckernförde ) was a German teacher and writer .

Life

Bust of Lehmann in the Jungmann School

Wilhelm Lehmann, born in Venezuela as the son of a Lübeck businessman and a doctor's daughter from Hamburg, grew up in Wandsbek , which was still semi-rural at the time, studied in Tübingen , Strasbourg , Berlin (where he met and lifelong friendship with Moritz Heimann and Oskar Loerke , and attended lectures on Simmels Philosophy of Life) and Kiel Philosophy, Natural History and Languages, where he received his doctorate in 1905. After the state examination for the higher teaching position, Lehmann was a teacher in Kiel , Neumünster , at the Free School Community of Wickersdorf and in the Landschulheim am Solling in Holzminden . He worked at various country school homes as an educator (for example, 1912-1917 with Martin Luserke in Wickersdorf, dealing with Gustav Wyneken ; and 1919-1923 at the country school home on Solling under Theophil Lehmann) and finally taught from 1923 to 1947 at the Jungmannschule in Eckernförde German and English. The bust shown here is a reminder of his work. When Luserke ran the school by the sea on the North Sea island of Juist from 1925 , Lehmann made it possible for his son to attend school there.

During the First World War , Lehmann was drafted into the infantry in 1917, but deserted in September 1918 into English captivity, which lasted until October 1919. The novel Der Überläufer , which Lehmann wrote as early as 1925-27, emerged from his horrific wartime experiences, but which was not published until 1962 as part of the first Lehmann edition, mainly because of the explosive topic of "desertion". Extensive travels took Lehmann to England, Ireland, Italy, Denmark and Dalmatia . Alfred Döblin awarded him and Robert Musil the Kleist Prize in 1923 . Numerous other prizes followed, and after 1945 Lehmann was an elected member of the German Academy for Language and Poetry , the Bavarian Academy of Fine Arts and the Academy of Sciences and Literature Mainz as well as the PEN Club .

On May 1, 1933, very soon after the National Socialists came to power, Lehmann stepped out of "concern about his profession and his civil service status", for which he had fought for many years - not unjustified for a former deserter of the First World War innermost convictions ”into the NSDAP , but without ever sympathizing with the new regime or engaging in it in any other way or being absorbed by it. Lehmann wrote on May 3, 1933 to his decades-long (1931–1968) correspondence partner, the German-Jewish poet and essayist Werner Kraft , who as (in Nazi diction) a “non-Aryan civil servant” was standing in front of the ruins of his existence : "Dear Mr. Kraft, I greet you from the depths of your feelings and wish you and me the ability to soak yourself up from the bitterness of bitterness." Lehmann noted in his diary on March 18 of the same year: "How must Werner Kraft suffer." ! I hardly dared to meet him today. Greetings! "After Kraft had escaped into exile in Sweden via Eckernförde in June 1933, Lehmann wrote to him in a letter from a holiday in England on July 15, 1933:" Your letter makes a heavy note - I am even more exile as they. The goodness of behavior here [sc. in England], also the 'man in the street' against each other often brings me to tears. ”Although Lehmann was only“ a nominal member of the NSDAP ”( Stephan Hermlin ) and“ really not a 'Nazi' ”( Joachim W. Storck ) , a publication ban was imposed on him because of his party membership in 1945, but this was no longer valid in 1946 at the latest (publication of the volume of poems Entzückter Staub ).

Wilhelm Lehmann's grave is in the cemetery of the Westerthal Chapel .

Honors

  • 1923 Kleist Prize
  • 1951 Art Prize of the State of Schleswig-Holstein
  • 1952 University Medal from the Christian Albrechts University in Kiel
  • 1957 Great Cross of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
  • 1959 Schiller Memorial Prize from the State of Baden-Württemberg
  • 1962 Awarded honorary citizenship of the city of Eckernförde
  • 1963 Culture Prize of the City of Kiel .

plant

Lehmann's narrative work has a clearly autobiographical character (besides The Defector, important above all Weingott and Der Provinzlärm , written in 1930, first edition in 1953 under the title Glory of Dasein ). The scenery and people come from his experience. The focus is on people who fail in the external struggle for life, but also radiate the tranquility of their closeness to nature to their surroundings. Despite the lyrical exaggeration, the tone of the prose is devoid of pathos .

Lehmann's linguistic, biological and philosophical studies also shaped his poetics and lyric poetry, which shows clear natural magic tendencies:

“Respect for creation, for what exists, accuracy of vision, the feeling that everything is only there once and only ever reigns in a transformed form: that would be the summary of my poems, so to speak.” “The successful poem moves people and things out of one inaccurate in an exact state. It does not cheat him or her out of existence, but gives it to them. "

reception

His work influenced a number of important younger authors significantly, including a. Elisabeth Langgässer , Günter Eich , Karl Krolow and Karl Schwedhelm , but z. B. also Ludwig Harig , Harald Hartung , Wulf Kirsten or Lutz Seiler . Older authors such as Hermann Hesse and Gottfried Benn appreciated Lehmann's genuinely poetic and genuinely lyrical talent. Hesse prophesied that he would outlast some of those who were more famous at the time. In addition to Lehmann's correspondence with Werner Kraft, Lehmann's with Schwedhelm was also published as a book.

Wilhelm Lehmann Society

In 2004 the Wilhelm Lehmann Society was re-established in Lehmann's hometown Eckernförde (the first existed, founded on Lehmann's 75th birthday, in the fifties and sixties), which foster the memory of the poet, who had almost been forgotten almost forty years after his death wants, for example with their publications (including the series Visible Time , so far five volumes, Wilhelm Lehmann - A Reading Book, Selected Poetry and Prose edited by Uwe Pörksen, Jutta Johannsen, Heinrich Detering) or the now (2017) twelve times in Eckernförde held Wilhelm Lehmann Days. Beate Kennedy has been the first chairman and Wolfgang Menzel second chairman since 2013 .

The audio book Wilhelm Lehmann: Der Provinzlärm with a detailed accompanying book by Peter Nicolaisen was read in by Hanns Zischler in the spirit of society and published by Apheus Verlag in 2012 ( ISBN 978-3-9813184-3-2 )

Since 2009, giving Wilhelm Lehmann Society and the city Eckernförde every two to three years to Wilhelm Lehmann Award .

Works

Work editions:

  • All works . Three volumes. Mohn, Gütersloh 1962.
Volume I: Novels and Stories [1].
Volume II: Novels and Stories [2]. Autobiographical and Bucolic Diaries.
Volume III: Essays. Poems.
Volume 1: The Complete Poems. Ed. V. Hans Dieter Schäfer. 1982, ISBN 3-608-95040-0 .
Volume 2: Novels I. The Iconoclast. The butterfly pupa. Wine god. Ed. V. Jochen Meyer . 1984, ISBN 3-608-95041-9 .
Volume 3. Novels II. The Defector. Ed. V. Uwe Poerksen. Come on. Wolfgang W. Menzel et al. Uwe Pörksen 1989, ISBN 3-608-95042-7 .
Volume 4: Novels III. The provincial noise. Ed. V. Klaus Weissenberger . 1986, ISBN 3-608-95043-5 .
Volume 5: Stories. Ed. V. David Scrase et al. Reinhard Tgahrt. 1994, ISBN 3-608-95044-3 .
Volume 6: Essays I. Ed. V. Wolfgang W. Menzel after preliminary work by Reinhard Tgahrt. 2006, ISBN 3-608-95045-1 . ( Rev. FAZ .)
Volume 7: Essays II. Ed. Wolfgang W. Menzel after preliminary work by Reinhard Tgahrt. 2009, ISBN 978-3-608-95046-5 . ( Review Literaturkritik.de )
Volume 8: Autobiographical and Mixed Writings. Ed. V. Verena Kobel-Bänninger. 1999, ISBN 3-608-95047-8 . ( Rez. FAZ, Rez. Literaturkritik.de. )

Correspondence:

First editions:

  • The Iconoclast (novel, 1917)
  • The butterfly doll (novel, 1918)
  • Weingott (novel, 1921)
  • Bucolic diary from 1927–1932 (1948). New edition by Verlag Heinrich & Hahn, Frankfurt am Main 2005, ISBN 3-86597-030-3 .
  • The Wedding of the Rioters (narrative, 1934)
  • Answer of silence (poems, 1935)
  • The green god (poems, 1942)
  • Delighted Dust (Poems, 1946)
  • Seductress, Comforter, and Other Tales (Narrative, 1947)
  • Movable order (essays, 1947)
  • Trouble from the start. Biographical record (autobiography, 1952)
  • Survivor Day (Poems, 1954)
  • My poetry books (poems, 1957)
  • Art of Poetry (Essays, 1961)
  • The Defector (novel, 1962)
  • Lust for Farewell (Poems, 1962)
  • Visible Time (Poems, 1967)

Translations:

Secondary literature

  • Heinz Bruns: Wilhelm Lehmann, his life and poetry. A chronicle. Mühlau, Kiel 1962.
  • Presence of the lyric. Essays on the work of Wilhelm Lehmann . Edited by Werner Siebert. Mohn, Gütersloh 1967. ( With contributions by Moritz Heimann , Werner Kraft, Karl Krolow , Elisabeth Langgässer , Oskar Loerke , Reinhard Tgahrt and Werner Weber as well as by Lehmann himself and with a bibliography. )
  • Hans Dieter Schäfer: Wilhelm Lehmann. Studies of his life and work . (= Treatises on art, music and literary studies. 66). Bouvier, Bonn 1969.
  • Karl Graucob: Wilhelm Lehmann, Poetry and Bukolische Tagebuecher. A comparative study. Muehlau, Kiel 1970.
  • Jochen Jung: Myth and Utopia. Representations on the poetology and poetry of Wilhelm Lehmann. (= Hermaea. NF 34). Niemeyer, Tübingen 1975, ISBN 3-484-15029-7 .
  • David A. Scrase:  Lehmann, Wilhelm. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 14, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1985, ISBN 3-428-00195-8 , p. 96 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Wilhelm Lehmann. Exhibition from April to October 1982. Schiller National Museum, Marbach 1982. Edited by Ute Doster in conjunction with Jochen Meyer . (= Marbacher Magazin. 22). 2nd Edition. Keicher, Warmbronn 2006, ISBN 3-938743-34-4 .
  • Axel Goodbody: natural language. A poetic theoretical concept of Romanticism and its resumption in modern natural poetry (Novalis - Eichendorff - Lehmann - Eich). (= Kiel studies on German literary history. 17). Wachholtz, Neumünster 1984, ISBN 3-529-03117-8 .
  • David Scrase : Wilhelm Lehmann. A Critical Biography. Vol. I: The Years of Trial (1880-1918). (= Studies in German Literature, Linguistics, and Culture. 13. Part I). Camden House, Columbia 1984, ISBN 0-938100-15-7 . ( In a revised version, this volume has been merged with the long-planned second volume in the following book by Scrase. )
  • David Scrase : Wilhelm Lehmann. Biography . (= Mainz series. New episode 10) Translated from the English by Michael Lehmann. Wallstein Verlag, Göttingen 2011, ISBN 978-3-8353-0917-3 .
  • Gunter E. Bauer-Rabé: Half of Life. Investigations into Wilhelm Lehmann's diaries 1900–1925 . Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 1986, ISBN 3-88479-112-5 .
  • Wilhelm Lehmann's voice and echo . (= Visible time. 1). Edited by Hans Dieter Schäfer. Wallstein, Göttingen 2005, ISBN 3-8353-0036-9 . ( Content text DNB .)
  • Re-encounter. Wilhelm Lehmann's poetic spectrum. (= Visible time. 2). Edited by Uwe Pörksen. Wallstein, Göttingen 2006, ISBN 3-8353-0097-0 . ( Content text DNB .)
  • Ernst Klee : Wilhelm Lehmann. In: Ernst Klee: The cultural lexicon for the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945 . S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-10-039326-5 .
  • Wilhelm Lehmann between natural knowledge and poetry. (= Visible time. 3). Edited by Uwe Pörksen. Wallstein, Göttingen 2008, ISBN 978-3-8353-0132-0 . ( Table of contents (PDF file) , review FAZ. )
  • Merlin's time. Wilhelm Lehmann needs a house in Eckernförde. (= Visible time. 4). Edited by Uwe Pörksen. Wallstein, Göttingen 2010, ISBN 978-3-8353-0783-4 . ( Table of contents (PDF file) )
  • The provincial noise and the task of creating wings. Wilhelm Lehmann as a teacher (= visible time. 5). Edited by Uwe Pörksen, Wallstein, Göttingen 2012, ISBN 978-3-8353-1243-2
  • Wilhelm Lehmann - The provincial noise. Audio book, read and ed. by Hanns Zischler with an accompanying book by Peter Nicolaisen. Alpheus-Verlag 2012, ISBN 978-3-9813184-3-2
  • Wilhelm Lehmann The Defector. (War and Captivity) Excerpt from the novel of the same name in the version from 1927 with a preface by Günter Kunert, ed. and with an afterword by Wolfgang Menzel. Donat Verlag 2014, ISBN 978-3-943425-42-0
  • Wilhelm Lehmann. (= Poetry album. 297). Märkischer Verlag, Wilhelmshorst 2011, ISBN 978-3-931329-97-6 .
  • Wolfgang Beutin: Wilhelm Lehmann. In: Award-Winning. Twelve authors from Paul Heyse to Herta Müller. Selected works, examined critically. Peter Lang Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2012, ISBN 978-3-631-63297-0 , pp. 99-104.

Remarks

  1. ↑ Information sheet on the school by the sea on the North Sea island of Juist, 1929/30, p. 14 ("Addresses of the parents of our students: ... Dr. Phil. Wilhelm Lehmann, Eckernförde-Borby, 1 son")
  2. ^ Werner Kraft, Wilhelm Lehmann: Correspondence 1931–1968. Edited by Ricarda Dick. Two volumes, volume 2. Wallstein, Göttingen 2008, p. 677. Both expressions quoted come from R. Dick, the editor of the correspondence.
  3. ^ Werner Kraft, Wilhelm Lehmann: Correspondence 1931–1968. Edited by Ricarda Dick. Two volumes, volume 1. Wallstein, Göttingen 2008, p. 67.
  4. ^ Wilhelm Lehmann. Exhibition from April to October 1982. (= Marbacher Magazin. 22). Edited by Ute Doster in conjunction with Jochen Meyer. Marbach: Schiller-Nationalmuseum 1982, p. 57. On this day Lehmann wrote to Kraft, among other things: “I often think of you, I shake your hand, I torment myself and cannot do anything else.” (Werner Kraft, Wilhelm Lehmann : Correspondence 1931–1968. Ed. By Ricarda Dick. Two volumes, Volume 1. Wallstein, Göttingen 2008, p. 55.)
  5. ↑ Lehmann and his wife had strength on their way to Sweden on 14./15. Visited Eckernförde in June 1933, from where he left Germany via Kiel. Compare: Werner Kraft: Spiegelung der Jugend. Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt am Main 1973, pp. 145f. Werner Kraft, Wilhelm Lehmann: Correspondence 1931–1968. Edited by Ricarda Dick. Two volumes, volume 1. Wallstein, Göttingen 2008, p. 579. In his first letter from Sweden of June 17, 1933, Kraft thanks Lehmann and his wife “for the very beautiful day” (ibid, p. 74).
  6. ^ Werner Kraft, Wilhelm Lehmann: Correspondence 1931–1968. Edited by Ricarda Dick. Two volumes, volume 2. Wallstein, Göttingen 2008, p. 80. Already on January 30, 1933, the day Adolf Hitler was appointed Chancellor, Lehmann had written to Kraft: “We live, you like me, in exile, leave you Shake hands with each other in our defenselessness. "(Ibid, p. 47f.)
  7. ↑ So Hermlin about Lehmann in a workshop talk with Manfred Durzak in: Manfred Durzak: The German short story of the present. 3. Edition. Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann 2002, p. 38. Hermlin therefore advocated that Lehmann, whom he considered “a great lyric poet” (ibid.), Was allowed to read despite the publication ban on Frankfurter Rundfunk, of which Hermlin was an employee. see. ibid.
  8. ↑ Joachim W. Storck: In the border area of ​​the grotesque and infamy . Dispute about Günter Eich's past - an answer to Axel Vieregg's criticism of the poet. In: Stuttgarter Zeitung. April 23, 1993. Also in: Axel Vieregg (Ed.): Our sins are moles. The Günter Eich debate. (= German monitor. 36). Rodopi, Amsterdam et al. 1996, p. 57f., Here p. 57.
  9. ↑ http://www.friedhof-eckernfoerde.de/index.php/westerthal.html
  10. ^ So David Scrase in the first biography about the author: Wilhelm Lehmann. Göttingen 2011.
  11. ↑ Hendrik Werner: A crime not to talk about trees. How the Ostseebad Eckernförde rediscovered its big son, the natural lyricist Wilhelm Lehmann. In: The world. May 7, 2007.
  12. ↑ Susanne Karkossa-Schwarz: 12th WILHELM LEHMANN – DAYS: In the footsteps of Wilhelm Lehmann's Flora | shz.de . In: shz . April 29, 2017 ( shz.de [accessed November 27, 2017]).
  13. ^ Board of Directors - WLG Homepage. Retrieved November 27, 2017 .

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Lehmann, Wilhelm
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German writer
DATE OF BIRTH May 4, 1882
PLACE OF BIRTH Puerto Cabello, Venezuela
DATE OF DEATH 17th November 1968
Place of death Eckernförde