Zellhof (Mattsee municipality)

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Zellhof ( hamlet )
Zellhof (Mattsee municipality) (Austria)
Red pog.svg
Basic data
Pole. District , state Salzburg area  (SL), Salzburg
Judicial district Neumarkt near Salzburg
Pole. local community Mattsee   ( KG  Mattsee)
Locality Mattsee
Coordinates 47 ° 59 '4 "  N , 13 ° 5' 34"  E Coordinates: 47 ° 59 '4 "  N , 13 ° 5' 34"  E
height 514  m above sea level A.
Post Code 5163f1
Official website
image
Filial church of the Mother of God with Zellhof and church linden tree
Listed entire complex , Trumerseen landscape protection area  ( LSG 60 ); with natural monument Linde near Zellhof  ( NDM 213 ); former Meierhof of Mattsee Abbey, place of pilgrimage and scout base
Source: STAT : Ortverzeichnis ; BEV : GEONAM ; SAGIS
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Zellhof is a group of Maierhof buildings with the branch and pilgrimage church of Mother of God ( Maria Zellhof ) of Mattsee Abbey in the market town of Mattsee in the Salzburg region . The listed complex , which is located within the Trumerseen nature reserve , is used by scouts today.

Geographical location

Typical of the moraine landscape of the Salzburg Alpine foothills , which was formed by the last Ice Age , are relatively shallow lakes with extensive reed belts and moors. The hamlet of Zellhof is located exactly where Obertrumersee, Grabensee and Mattsee (Tumer Lakes) almost meet .

Neighboring places
Gransdorf (Gem.  Berndorf b.Sbg. )
Grabensee
Fraham (Gem.  Seeham ) Neighboring communities Aug

Mattsee

Natural space

Originally, the Zellhof was on a land bridge between Obertrumersee and Grabensee and could only be reached from Mattsee by ferry boat, which the place name Überfuhr still attests to today . The three lakes were connected by narrow passages in the alluvial land. Constant flooding destroyed the seeds in the fields during heavy rainfalls or snowmelt. Therefore, attempts have been made since the end of the 19th century to get the problem under control by puncturing canals. At that time, in the course of the new construction of the roads in the lake area, dams were raised and bridges built. During the First World War , further landfills could be carried out using prisoners of war.

The Grange is now directly in the nature reserve Trumerseen  ( NSG 1 ), comprising all the three lakes with marshy shore area, but is exempt, and as a conservation area Trumerseen to the extent of 6.3  hectares declared ( LSG 60 ). In particular, the Wasenmoos (also called Zellhofer Moor, Moorwald, Moorbad ) borders to the east .

history

Early history and pilgrimage site

The Zellhof is located in an old settlement area, so a prehistoric or early medieval ring wall system was found in the immediate vicinity of the Zellhof to the north .

Filial church of the Holy Mother of God
Church interior

At the Zellhof, next to the mighty old church linden tree, there is a chapel, first mentioned in 1458, first dedicated to St. George and later to the Mother of God , which is now a branch church of Mattsee Abbey . On April 25, 1458, the St. George's Chapel in the Zellhof was granted the right to indulge .

At the end of the 17th century, the Zellhof experienced a renewed upswing as a place of pilgrimage, with its curative gnadenbründl and a carved miraculous image of the Mother of God - a copy of the Black Madonna from Altötting - which numerous votive images bear testimony to. Even today, crutches of allegedly recovered pilgrims and wooden crosses from processions are kept there as relics from the great pilgrimage.

For the Capella Sancti Georgii martyris in Cella , the name capella regia became common in the middle of the 18th century , as the church was administered by the prince-archbishop's court chamber. The pilgrimage made the church very wealthy and in the 18th century a sought-after moneylender. Like Mattsee Abbey , it belonged to the Diocese of Passau .

During a comprehensive renovation between 2000 and 2004, building history studies could also be carried out. It turned out that the rising masonry of the building dates from the baroque period . Inside the church, three walled niches were uncovered in the choir area . The floor plan of the building, a hall church with a choir square and a semicircular apse , the type of masonry in the choir and the wall decoration with grouting documented in this area indicate the original church building as Romanesque . Since the foundations of the southern Romanesque apse wall disrupted two older burials, an even earlier settlement of the place can be expected.

Main building in Zellhof
former manor
baroque outbuilding

Dairy and hunting lodge

In 1453, a Hanns der Zeller zw Zell sealed a document with which a foundation to the brotherhood around the Mattsee was sealed. From the patronage of the Georgskapelle it can be concluded that it was a castle chapel. In 1527, the Schettinger family are named as owners in a Salbuch . Since these were the successors of the Noppingers in Perwang , it can be assumed that the Noppingers previously owned the property.

In 1602, Sebastian Schettinger sold the Zell ain Hof estate , which at that time was still surrounded by water, to the Archbishop of Salzburg, Wolf Dietrich . Subsequently, the property of the Salzburg Canons served as a summer residence, as a hunting lodge, as well as a dairy and pheasantry . Wolf Dietrich still called himself Herr von Zell when he died . A “new Stöckl” is documented for the year 1639, which is probably to be equated with today's main building of the property. Archbishop Max Gandolf von Kuenburg had a pheasant garden set up here. He was followed by Johann Ernst Graf Thun . Other owners were: Canon Siegmund Karl Graf von Castel Barco (1691), Georg Anton Graf von Thun (1698), Siegmund Felix Graf Schrattenbach (1714), Bishop of Laibach , Virgil Maria Graf Firmian (1769) on inheritance law. This transition formed a historical interlude that had acquired the Zellhof from his uncle and then Archbishop Leopold Anton von Firmian . A plan preserved from this period, designed by Lieutenant Christoph von Geyer, shows the floor plan of the lordly hunting lodge and meierhof in the middle of an impressive baroque garden. This will probably not have got beyond the planning stage, since Firmian could not afford the purchase price and the Zellhof fell back to the Archbishop after his death. Finally, on August 17, 1789, the estate was acquired by Mattsee Abbey, which still owns it today.

The current structure refers to a time of construction around 1600, although according to tradition, the first Mattsee monastery ( cell ) should have stood here. To the west is the former manor, now a two-story house with a high pitched roof . The exterior of the building dates from after the fire of 1849; vaults from the 17th century have been preserved inside . Another cubic baroque building with a high tent roof belongs to the complex .

Younger story

The Mattsee Collegiate Foundation initially managed the agricultural property in-house before it was leased out. 1890 was probably not the first time the red rooster crowed in the eventful history: the elaborate roof structure of the manor house burned down and was rebuilt in its current, simplified form. Until the 1930s there was also a restaurant at the Zellhof that was popular with pilgrims.

To this day the rumor persists that in the last days of the Second World War the Hungarian St. Stephen's Crown was hidden at the Zellhof. In fact, the Stephanskrone was buried close by on the Mattsee Unerseehügel . The Hungarian coronation sword actually spent a few days at the Zellhof in the spring of 1945.

From 1939 to 1964 the Zellhof was leased to the Sacred Heart Missionaries , who among other things ran a home for young people who were difficult to educate. Subsequently, the agriculture was leased privately and the old manor was used by the Austrian armed forces. In 1970 the lease went to the boy scouts, who have been expanding the property into a youth center and camp site since then on a voluntary basis.

The scout village Zellhof is now one of the most important international scout centers and is a member of the Goose and SCENES (Scout Centers of Excellence for Nature and Environment) network.

The chapel is particularly popular for baptisms and weddings.

The church linden tree

Linden tree in Zellhof

The linden tree in Zellhof is designated as a natural monument ( NDM00213 ). The summer lime tree is estimated to be around 300 years old. It has a crown diameter of 18 to 23 m, a height of 25 to 30 m and a chest height circumference of 5.56 m at the time it was placed under protection in 1987. The double-stemmed linden tree separates into several strong branches at a height of around 3 m.

literature

  • Franz Calliari (ed.): Festschrift for the 1200th anniversary of Mattsee Abbey. Mattsee 1977, p. 31 ff., P. 104 f.
  • Adi Kronberger: 33 years boy scout village Zellhof. Zellhof 2003.
  • Mirabell at Grabensee. In: Mattseer Stiftsblätter. No. 1, vol. 5, 2004.
  • Friederike Zaisberger , Walter Schlegel : Castles and palaces in Salzburg. Flachgau and Tennengau. Birch series: Vienna 1992, ISBN 3-85326-957-5 , pp. 85 ff.

Web links

Commons : Zellhof  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Moorbad Mattsee ( Memento of the original from March 20, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , mattsee.co.at  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.mattsee.co.at
  2. ^ Hugo Portisch , Sepp Riff: Austria II , Volume 2., Vienna 1986, p. 350 ff.
  3. ^ Linde in Zellhof, Mattsee in the nature conservation book of the State of Salzburg