Ѵ
The Ѵ (lowercase letter ѵ ; called ижица ischiza (ížica) in Russian ) is a letter of the early Cyrillic alphabet . It corresponds to the Greek letter Ypsilon and was used in words of Greek origin. Since the pronunciation coincided with the И , it is no longer used in modern Slavic languages.
history
In the Glagolitic alphabet there is the letter Ischiza ( ) as the last letter in the alphabet, which reproduced the sound [ ʏ ]. In the Glagolitic number system it has no numerical value.
When the Cyrillic alphabet was created, the appearance of the letter was adjusted to the Y-minuscule υ (Ѵ). Over time, the letter's pronunciation changed to an [ i ], making it redundant to И.
In the Russian language , the Ѵ became increasingly rare in the 18th and 19th centuries. At the beginning of the 20th century there was only one family of words , mostly spelled with Ѵ: мѵро ' Myron ' . The Russian spelling reform of 1918 does not mention the Ѵ, so it has been abolished without a formal act.
In the Serbian language , however, the Ѵ remained in use until it was abolished in the Serbian spelling reform by Vuk Stefanović Karadžić .
Andreas Johan Sjögren used the Ѵ when introducing his alphabet for the Ossetian language . When the Latin alphabet was introduced, a Y was used in its place , which was replaced by the Ы when the Cyrillic alphabet was reintroduced .
Usage today
In Church Slavonic the letter Ischiza is still used today. Like today's Greek Ypsilon, it can be pronounced both as [ i ] (when it represents a vowel) and as [ v ] (when it represents a consonant). If the ischiza represents an unstressed vowel and there is no other diacritical mark already placed on it, it is marked with a special diacritical called okowy . The okowy corresponds to the Greek trema on the Ypsilon (ϋ), but the meaning is not identical. The okowy can have different shapes - usually it looks like a double gravis or double acute .
Numeral
In the Cyrillic numbers , the letter Ischiza had a value of 400 at the time of Old Slavonic. In Church Slavonic it was replaced by the omicron -Ypsilon ligature Ѹ and has had no value since then.
Character encoding
Unicode contains both the normal letter Ischiza and the form with Okowy in the Cyrillic block . Misleadingly, the Ischiza with Okowy is referred to by Unicode as Ischiza with double engraving , although the Okowy can also have other forms.
default | Uppercase Ѵ | Minuscule ѵ | Uppercase Ѷ | Minuscule ѷ | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unicode | Codepoint | U + 0474 | U + 0475 | U + 0476 | U + 0477 |
Surname | CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER IZHITSA | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER IZHITSA | CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER IZHITSA WITH DOUBLE GRAVE ACCENT |
CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER IZHITSA WITH DOUBLE GRAVE ACCENT |
|
UTF-8 | D1 B4 | D1 B5 | D1 B6 | D1 B7 | |
XML / XHTML | decimal |
Ѵ
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ѵ
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Ѷ
|
ѷ
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hexadecimal |
Ѵ
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ѵ
|
Ѷ
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ѷ
|
swell
- ↑ Omniglot - Glagolitic alphabet and pronunciation
- ↑ Осетинский алфавит
- ↑ a b c Old Slavonic and Church Slavonic in TeX and Unicode ( Memento of the original from March 8, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 482 kB)