Alfonso La Marmora

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Alfonso La Marmora

Alfonso La Marmora (especially in the 19th century also written LaMarmora or Lamarmora , born November 17, 1804 in Turin , † January 5, 1878 in Florence ) was an Italian politician and general .

Life

General Alfonso La Marmora

origin

Alfonso La Marmora came from the old Piedmontese noble family Ferrero della Marmora , based in Biella . He was a son of Marchese Celestino Ferrero de La Marmora (1754-1805) and Raffaella Argentero di Bersezio (1770-1828). His older brothers Charles Emmanuel (1788–1854) Prince von Masserano and Alberto (1789–1863) also became high-ranking soldiers, one Alessandro (1799–1855) is considered to be the father of the Bersaglieri troop.

Military career

After completing his officer training in 1822, Alfonso made several study trips through Europe . Then the King of Sardinia-Piedmont commissioned him to modernize his artillery troops . As a colonel , he took part in the Battle of Goito and the siege of Peschiera del Garda in 1848 . After the defeat in the Battle of Novara , he came to Genoa as royal governor , where he bloodily suppressed an uprising. In November 1849 King Vittorio Emanuele II appointed him Minister of War. In 1855 he commanded the Sardinian expeditionary force in the Crimean War .

In 1857 he was elected to the Parliament of the Kingdom of Sardinia for the constituency of Biella, the beginning of his career as a politician. In the Sardinian War in 1859 he supported King Victor Emanuel II as Commander-in-Chief of the Army of Sardinia-Piedmont and he took part in the Battle of San Martino . From July 1859 to 1860, La Marmora was President of the Council of Ministers of Sardinia.

In 1864 he replaced Marco Minghetti in Turin as Italian Prime Minister . In 1865/1866 he forged an alliance with Prussia against the Austrian Empire ( Prussian-Italian Alliance Agreement ). In 1866 he took over the leadership of the Italian army in the war against Austria , but was defeated in the battle of Custozza . After the occupation of Rome , he was in 1870 royal governors in the territories of the former Papal States , after which he retired to retirement.

Alfonso La Marmora was buried in the Basilica San Sebastiano in Biella.

Afterlife

After 1860, a historiography that popularized and glorified the unification of Italy made Alfonso La Marmora one of the heroes of the Risorgimento . So, if not his historical achievement, his name stayed in public memory - with some curious consequences to this day. When a member is accepted into the 'Ndrangheta , he swears allegiance to it in the name of the heroes of the Risorgimento: “nel nome di Garibaldi, Mazzini, Lamarmora”.

literature

  • Wilhelm Blos : blood and iron. The origin of the war of 1866 after Lamarmora's revelations and the dispute between Bismarck and Lamarmora . Rübner, Chemnitz 1874.
  • Paola Casana Testore:  Ferrero Della Marmora, Alfonso. In: Fiorella Bartoccini (ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 47:  Ferrero-Filonardi. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 1997.
  • Maurizio Cassetti, Giovanni Silengo (ed.): Alfonso Ferrero della Marmora e il suo tempo. Mostra documentaria . Archivio di Stato di Vercelli, Sezione di Biella, Biella 1978 (catalog for an exhibition in the archives in Biella).

Footnotes

  1. ^ Evaristo Escalera: Los Soldados de la Independencia italiana. Galeria biografica . Juan José Martinez, Madrid 1861. p. 258.
  2. ^ Wolfgang Altgeld : The Risorgimento . In: Wolfgang Altgeld, Rudolf Lill (ed.): Little Italian History . Bonn 2005. ISBN 3-89331-655-8 . Pp. 257-324, here p. 299.
  3. ^ Alfonso Ferrero cavaliere della Marmora: To the voters of Biella. Letter from General Alfonso La Marmora . Scheller, Berlin 1868.
  4. ^ Rudolf Lill: History of Italy from the 16th century to the beginnings of fascism . Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 1980. ISBN 3-534-06746-0 . P. 172.
  5. ^ Rudolf Lill: History of Italy from the 16th century to the beginnings of fascism . Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 1980. pp. 187–188.
  6. ↑ An early example of this tendency is the biography of Gian Stefano Marchese: Alfonso Lamarmora . Unione Tipografico-Editrice die Torino (UNET), Torino 1861 (= I contemporanei italiani , vol. 23).
  7. ^ La Stampa : 'Ndrangheta, ecco il rituale di affiliazione , November 18, 2014 (Italian).

Web links

personal data
SURNAME La Marmora, Alfonso
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ferrero Della Marmora, Alfonso (full name); LaMarmora; Lamarmora
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Italian general and politician
DATE OF BIRTH November 17, 1804
PLACE OF BIRTH Turin
DATE OF DEATH January 5, 1878
Place of death Florence