Oberamt Eiterfeld

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Oberamt Eiterfeld (also (Ober-) Amt Fürsteneck ) was a judicial and administrative unit of the clerical principality of Fulda and the principality of Nassau-Oranien-Fulda as well as in the Electorate of Hesse .

history

The Oberamt Eiterfeld consisted of two spatially separate parts: the Eiterfeld Office and the Neukirchen Court.

Neukirchen Court

The Fulda rule over the court leads Fulda back to the donation of Hünfeld by Charlemagne . The area itself was settled late. Neukirchen has been the ecclesiastical center since the 13th century, at the beginning of the 14th century it was also mentioned as a place of jurisdiction. It belonged to the Zentmark Eiterfeld. In 1486 Neukirchen, Meisenbach, Müsenbach and Odensachsen were named as belonging to the court. They were obliged to serve at Wehrda Castle and in return received protection there in times of war. The court of Wehrda was alienated from Fulda over the years and became an imperial knighthood office. Accordingly, the Neukirchen court became an independent judicial and administrative unit.

Due to the financial hardship of the Fulda Abbey, the court was pledged many times. In 1310 Hartnid von Trübenbach, in 1325 and 1329 the brothers A. and H von Hume were pledges. In 1369 the von Trübenbach brothers acquired the court. In the following centuries the shares changed among the local aristocratic families, with those from Buchenau until 1506 having the most important share. The von der Tann family had been pledge holders since 1597. In 1710 the Hochstift Fulda bought back the shares in the court. The question of the character of the office was not yet resolved. While Fulda assumed sole sovereignty, the imperial knightly families von Buchenau, von Mansbach, von Meisenbach and von Romrod, who had extensive property in the court, were of the opinion that it was a imperial knighthood court. The question was submitted to the Imperial Court of Justice, which ruled on Gusten Fuldas in 1724. However, the legal battle continued until 1787. In that year, the imperial knightly families recognized Fulda’s claims and Fulda in return waived the taxes wrongly levied by the imperial knightly families from 1653 to 1687.

Also Hessen-Kassel had laid claim to the court. In 1723 this conflict was also resolved in a recess . Hesse accepted the sovereignty of the state of Fulda and Fulda a Hessian protective justice.

Office Eiterfeld

The Zent Eiterfeld originally included the Ufhausen court and the Buchenau court . The second gained independence from Fulda in the 16th century, the first formed the Eiterfeld office from the 14th century. Centgraves can be traced back to Ufhausen until 1334 , after which the official seat was in Eiterfeld. The core of the office was Fürsteneck Castle . Fürsteneck Castle was the seat of the bailiff and bailiff and the administrative seat. A cellar was located in Eiterfeld. The main court was held under a linden tree on the Esch near Eiterfeld.

From the 14th to the 16th century, the office was pledged many times. Most recently, the von Boineburg family were pledges.

In the 18th century the office was called Oberamt Eiterfeld (or Fürsteneck). Formally, a noble bailiff was at its head. However, this office was sinecure at the end of the HRR . In fact, the chief official was actually the bailiff.

Principality of Nassau-Orange-Fulda

The Principality of Nassau-Oranien-Fulda came into being on the basis of the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss 1803. With regard to jurisdiction and administration, the rulers' ordinance on January 8, 1803 reorganized the existing offices. The Oberamt Eiterfeld remained unchanged. The office was now called an office of the first class.

Grand Duchy of Frankfurt

In 1806 the Principality of Nassau-Orange-Fulda was occupied by the French and in 1810 it became part of the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt . During the French era , the office belonged to the Fulda department as the Eiterfeld district mairie ; nothing changed in terms of the structure (see court organization in the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt ). In particular, the separation of the judiciary from the administration was not introduced.

Kurhessen

According to the final act of the Congress of Vienna on July 9, 1815, the Oberamt Eiterfeld passed to the Kingdom of Prussia . This transferred the office on October 16, 1815 to the Electorate of Hesse . In 1822, jurisdiction was separated from administration in Kurhessen. The administrative functions were transferred to the Fulda district , the judicial function to the Eiterfeld justice office .

scope

At the end of the HRR , the Oberamt consisted of:

Personalities

literature

  • Anneliese Hofemann: Studies on the development of the territory of the imperial abbey of Fulda and its offices. 1958, pp. 75-81 and 141-145.
  • Fuldaer Land / Rommerz in the 19th century from Heinrich Jakob Stöhr: Concept, scope and organization of the state of Fulda in the 19th century in the Fuldaer Geschichtsbl Blätter 1934
  • The Fürstlichen Hochstift Fulda state and state calendar, 1800, p. 92, digitized

Coordinates: 50 ° 46 ′ 35 ″  N , 9 ° 48 ′ 29 ″  E