Arnsberg (Kipfenberg)

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Arnsberg
Kipfenberg market
Coordinates: 48 ° 55 ′ 36 ″  N , 11 ° 22 ′ 29 ″  E
Height : 389 m above sea level NN
Residents : 364  (March 7, 2016)
Incorporation : April 1, 1971
Postal code : 85110
Area code : 08465
Arnsberg with castle from the west

Arnsberg is a district of the Kipfenberg market north of Ingolstadt in Upper Bavaria .

geography

With around 360 inhabitants, the church village is located in the middle of the Altmühltal nature park . From the flood-prone area on the Altmühl , the houses rise up in terraces to the church, the highest point in the village. A special eye-catcher is the approx. 120 meter high rock massif made of dolomite rock , towering steeply above the village , on which the Arnsberg castle ruins are enthroned. The Schambachtal flows into the Altmühl near Arnsberg . Neighboring places are Böhming , Regelmannsbrunn , Attenzell (on the southern Alb plateau), Gungolding and Schambach .

history

Arnsberg means mountain of Arn. The personal name is derived from the Old High German aro (eagle). Evidently, the noble family of the Arnsbergs had lived in Arnsberg since the 11th century, probably from Erlingshofen in the Anlautertal . Gozwin “de Ansperc” appeared in 1087 at a Bamberg synod with Friedrich von Kastl as a witness; However , it is uncertain whether Arnsberg an der Altmühl or Ansberg near Staffelstein is meant. 1162 was a "Gotefridus von Arnesperch" witness in a document from Eichstätter Bishop Konrad I. von Morsbach .

When the castle was built is unknown, it was first mentioned in documents in 1278. At this point the knight Gottfried von Heideck had her as a fief; In 1253 the Arnsbergers took on the name “von Heideck”. Burggraf Friedrich von Nuremberg recognized that the possessions, like his nephew Gottfried von Heideck from time immemorial his ancestors as Eichstätter fief , was held in the first place the castle in Arnsberg. The oldest Eichstätter fief book from the beginning of the 14th century also lists the "castrum" Arnsberg as an Eichstätter fief in the hands of the Heidecker family.

Arnsberg came to Bavaria in the course of the Hirschberg inheritance in 1305. In 1332 Duke Heinrich XV pledged it . from Lower Bavaria the castle to the ducal keeper Heinrich von Wildenstein zu Rotenparig, probably a relative of Heinrich von Wildenstein, who was first mentioned in 1312 as the ducal keeper on Arnsberg. Hartwig and Altmann von Degenberg (near Bogen ) owned the castle as a pledge until 1348 . From 1348 the minstrel Hadmar von Laber and his brother Ulrich were pledges. By marriage, their rights passed to the Frauenhofer , who sat at the castle from 1364. In 1393 Jörg von Frauenhofen donated a perpetual mass in the St. Georg castle chapel. His sons Theseres (the younger), Kaspar and Hans Frauenhofer were robber barons who robbed "monasteries, priests and laypeople", burned houses and abducted subjects of the duke in the land of Ludwig the Bearded , the Duke of Bavaria-Ingolstadt. As a result, Seitz Erlacher von Hofstetten in 1415 put the Frauenhofer in eight and banished the church; Duke Ludwig VII struck it, took its castle in 1416/17 and handed it over to carers. In 1450 the Duke pledged his Arnsberg property to the Lords of Laaber , who rebuilt the castle. In 1465 the lords of Heideck owned the castle again.

In 1473/75 the Eichstatt Bishop Wilhelm von Reichenau bought the already dilapidated castle from Duke Albrecht, who had last pledged it to Sibylla von Heideck, née von Ortenburg . The structural damage was repaired as long as the Eichstätt bishops were interested in the castle as a hunting and summer palace; but when they Schloss Hirschberg preferred, the decline of Arnsberg Castle, which began to secularization 1803 fürstbischöflicher ownership remained.

In 1710 the pier wall of the fore bridge collapsed and had to be restored. In 1747 it was determined that the castle was in danger of collapsing. In 1763 the prince-bishop's building director Mauritio Pedetti reported that the tower had been demolished; the paving stones were brought to Hirschberg. In 1765 the bridge wall collapsed again and in 1831 most of the south-east wall of the main castle collapsed. The Ducal Leuchtenberg government then ordered the castle, which had owned it since 1818, to be demolished in the course of the year. The keep , still around 25 meters high in 1856, was "shortened" due to the risk of collapse; the ashlars were used to erect other buildings. The castle chapel of St. Georg had already invaded in 1798.

There is evidence that there was a Meierhof in Arnsberg as early as the 12th century; thus the place could be older than the castle. Later, probably in the 14th century, Arnsberg received market rights ; a market seal is handed down from 1475. From the fortification of the place - the walls reached up to the castle - the Kipfenberger Tor with a former gatekeeper's house in half-timbered construction and part of the wall with the remains of a round tower on the mountain slope have been preserved. Already in 1460 a Taferne was mentioned in the place; A brewery had existed since 1630 at the latest. In 1634 the Swedes burned the place down. As late as 1682, a number of Arnsberg houses were referred to as "Brandstatt". Castle, market and all associated villages, hamlets, mills and wastelands were subject to the high and low jurisdiction of the Eichstätt Monastery .

On May 30, 1770, Prince-Bishop Raymund Anton Graf von Strasoldo laid the foundation stone of today's St. Sebastian church as a subsidiary church of the parish of Gungolding (since 1469) . The nave of the previous church was demolished, the choir was left, on which a new tower was placed. The consecration of the church, built according to plans by Mauritio Pedetti, took place on May 31, 1772. The previous church, destroyed by the Swedes in 1634 and then rebuilt, served as a pilgrimage church to the plague patron; from 1655 the Haunstetter , 1669 the Hirnstetter and 1757 the Kösching pilgrimages to Arnsberg. "In order to prevent disputes of rank", a church seat order was issued for Arnsberg in 1757. The S. Sebastiani Brotherhood of Arnsberg, established in 1645, was renewed in 1858. In 1811 two side altars were moved from the secularized Notre-Dame monastery church in Eichstätt to the parish church, and in 1875 it received a new organ.

Around 1830 the place consisted of 43 houses. In 1911 a school was built in the village. In 1921 new bells were added to the church tower, cast by Wendelin Vielwerth in Ingolstadt . In 1922, the castle builder built a new castle chapel in his courtyard.

Arnsberg was an independent municipality until it was incorporated into Kipfenberg on April 1, 1971.

and display information about the image
Panoramic view from the castle on Arnsberg in the Altmühltal

Economy and Infrastructure

Arnsberg in the Altmühltal has three restaurants, two of which have a hotel and other businesses. A kindergarten is also available, housed in the old schoolhouse.

Attractions

The keep of the former Arnsberg Castle
Arnsberger Leite nature reserve
  • Catholic Church of St. Sebastian , built 1770–72; The basement of the current tower dates from the Gothic period; baroque interior design; Classicist high altar (around 1800), two baroque side altars (acquired in 1811 from the Notre-Dame monastery church in Eichstätt) by Johann Georg Bergmüller
  • Two baroque chapels
  • Zehentstadel from 1599 with a steep Frankish roof
  • Half-timbered tavern of the Tafernwirtschaft on Torstrasse
  • Arnsberg castle ruins: ring wall, forming an irregular polygon; Pentagonal keep, merging into the curve at a height of 8.5 meters. Today a hotel is located in the outer bailey.
  • Arnsberger Leite nature reserve

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 456 .

literature

Web links

Commons : Arnsberg  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files