Atzelsberg

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Atzelsberg
Community Marloffstein
Coordinates: 49 ° 37 ′ 36 "  N , 11 ° 2 ′ 32"  E
Height : 351 m
Residents : 44  (Jul 6, 2016)
Incorporation : May 1, 1978
Postal code : 91080
Area code : 09131
Atzelsberg from above
Atzelsberg from above
Atzelsberg Castle

Atzelsberg ( East Franconian : Adslbeʳch ) is a district of the Marloffstein municipality in the Erlangen-Höchstadt district in Central Franconia .

geography

The village is located northwest of Marloffstein on the northern slope of the ridge from Rathsberg to Marloffstein. In the south arable and grassland borders. The corridor is called Rathsberg . In the east as well as in the west there are forest areas, the west is partly a nature reserve . The district road ERH 7 runs to Rathsberg (1.25 km southwest) or after Marloffstein to the state road 2242 (2 km southeast). The district road ERH 30 / FO 12 runs to Bräuningshof (0.75 km north). A community road runs to Adlitz to the St 2242 (1.75 km northeast).

history

The place was first mentioned in 1332 as "Matzenberg". In addition to this form, there was also the variant “Atzzelberg” (first attested in 1394), which became the common form from the 18th century. The defining word of the place name was Azzo (nickname of Adalbert ), the personal name of the founder. The first form was created by blending Zum Atzenberg .

Like the neighboring Adlitz, the place was founded around 1100 by the Reichsministeriale von Gründlach . When it expired in 1314/15, the claims came to Count Gottfried von Hohenlohe-Brauneck , who had to sell them to the Burgraviate of Nuremberg as early as 1326 due to over-indebtedness . However, the Gründlacher servants, the Knights of Strobel , claimed the Adlitz and Atezelsberg mansions, where they had probably been sitting since the 12th century. On the other hand, the Burgraviate of Nuremberg sued with success. So Adlitz became a burggrave - and in its legal successor - a margrave fief , which was initially given to the Strobels. The Brandenburg-Bayreuth Oberamt Baiersdorf as well as the Bamberg Centamt Neunkirchen both raised claims to the high and low jurisdiction , which led to permanent legal disputes.

In 1432 Atzelsberg was explicitly mentioned as the "seat", 1435 as "Castrum" and 1441 as "Sloß". Castles originally served as residence and administrative headquarters for members of the nobility. In 1450 the small castle complex was destroyed by Nuremberg mercenaries in the First Margrave War and then rebuilt by the Strobel family. It suffered the same fate in the Second Margrave War in 1553. In 1616 a burned-down ruin with a tower was mentioned and rebuilt as a two-storey residential building where the owner at the time was staying. In the Thirty Years' War the castle was destroyed again in 1631/32. After that, the owners of the ailing property changed frequently, and the reconstruction hardly progressed. It was not until 1705 that the new owner, the Nuremberg merchant Johann Conradt von Seuter (Seuter von Lötzen family) (1657–1730), finally had the present castle building shine in new splendor through master masons from Cadolzburg .

Despite the hillside location, the main building of the castle is surrounded by a moat several meters deep. On the south, east and half on the west side this was dug deep into the rock of the southern plateau. On the sloping north and north-west side, on the other hand, it is formed by an artificially piled-up wall several meters wide and high. The moat was used for defense and was once filled with water. A small inflow still flows today as a brook in the western bottom of the trench. Filling up an artificial wall in order to create a moat is seldom found when building water castles .

In 1714, von Seutter replaced the margravial fiefdom and the Atzelberg estate became an independent , freely heritable manor, which also had lower jurisdiction . 1730 inherited Seuter's wife Helena Freifrau von Seutter b. Sandrat (1656–1748) the castle. In 1748 Conrad Friedrich von Hagen acquired it. In 1763 it was bought by Johann Andreas von Wahler (1720–1791) in Nuremberg, who built the stone bridge over the moat. In 1764 the estate had twelve households. In 1791 it was inherited by Johann Wolfgang von Wahler (1748–1797) and after his death Georg Christoph Albrecht von Wahler (1784–1849).

As part of the community edict (early 19th century) Atzelsberg was assigned to the tax district of Uttenreuth . In 1818 the rural community Atzelsberg was formed, to which Rathsberg belonged. In administration and jurisdiction, it was subordinate to the Erlangen Regional Court and in the financial administration to the Erlangen Rent Office (from 1920 Erlangen Tax Office ). From 1862 Atzelsberg was administered by the Erlangen District Office (renamed the Erlangen District in 1938 ). The jurisdiction remained until 1879 the District Court Erlangen, from 1880 at the district court Erlangen . The municipality had an area of ​​2.539 km².

In 1848, in the course of the liberation of the peasants , the manor became a castle estate and the estate subjects became personally independent tenants. After Albrecht's death in 1849, it is managed by three of his daughters, the unmarried Natalie, Babett Karolin Maria Rosamund and her husband Leopold Joseph Gottlieb Franz Schrodt as well as Henriette Julie Maria Thusnelda and her husband Karl Friedrich Wilhelm von Landgraf. In 1877 Schrodt's son Albert became the sole heir of the castle.

In 1961 the city of Erlangen bought Atzelsberg Castle from the descendants of Albert Schrodt in order to first extensively renovate it. The castle should become the center of a recreation center for the Erlangen citizens. However, due to the construction errors in the original castle construction, improper interventions and the lack of maintenance in recent decades, the costs of eliminating the construction defects had increased so much in the end that the city decided in 2004 to sell the castle property again. However, the new owner, Johann Schorr, was required to keep it accessible to the public and to undertake the urgently needed renovations. By 2013, not only was the palace completely renovated, but the two associated parks, the moat and the farm buildings were also renewed. Today there is a registry office and a restaurant at Atzelsberg Castle. The rooms can be rented for celebrations or conferences.

On October 1, 1973, a property with two residents was incorporated into Langensendelbach . On May 1, 1978, the municipality of Atzelsberg was incorporated into Marloffstein as part of the regional reform .

Architectural monuments

  • House No. 2: Atzelsberg Castle
  • House No. 4: Former Gasthaus Zum Schloss
  • House No. 5: courtyard with small farmhouse
  • House number 6: farmhouse
  • House number 8: sandstone block construction
  • House No. 9: courtyard with residential stables

Population development

Atzelsberg community

year 1818 1840 1852 1855 1861 1867 1871 1875 1880 1885 1890 1895 1900 1905 1910 1919 1925 1933 1939 1946 1950 1952 1961 1970
Residents 146 180 185 179 175 164 160 158 156 167 174 161 150 136 135 147 152 142 135 273 247 240 210 284
Houses 27 29 27 31 32 32 29 31
source

Place Atzelsberg

year 001818 001840 001861 001871 001885 001900 001925 001950 001961 001970 001987 002016
Residents 46 56 69 58 59 53 52 80 72 125 43 44
Houses 10 11 11 11 11 12 12 14th
source

religion

The place has been mixed denominationally since the Reformation. The Lutherans are parish in the old town church (Erlangen) , the Catholics after the heart of Jesus (Erlangen) .

literature

Web links

Commons : Atzelsberg  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ D. Fastnacht, p. 10.
  2. ↑ Atzelsberg in Bavaria Atlas
  3. ↑ a b D. Fastnacht, p. 7ff.
  4. ↑ F. Krug (Ed.), P. 156.
  5. ↑ a b c Alphabetical index of all the localities contained in the Rezatkreise according to its constitution by the newest organization: with indication of a. the tax districts, b. Judicial Districts, c. Rent offices in which they are located, then several other statistical notes . Ansbach 1818, p. 7 ( digitized version ). For the community of Atzelsberg plus the residents and buildings of Rathsberg (p. 74).
  6. ^ Address and statistical manual for the Rezatkreis in the Kingdom of Baiern . Buchdruckerei Chancellery, Ansbach 1820, p. 31 ( digitized version ).
  7. ↑ a b c d Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 771 ( digitized version ).
  8. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 711 .
  9. ↑ a b Only inhabited houses are given. In 1818 these were designated as fireplaces , in 1840 as houses and from 1871 to 1987 as residential buildings.
  10. ^ A b Eduard Vetter (Ed.): Statistical handbook and address book of Middle Franconia in the Kingdom of Bavaria . Self-published, Ansbach 1846, p. 86-87 ( digitized version ). According to the historical municipality register , the municipality had 184 inhabitants.
  11. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality register: The population of the municipalities of Bavaria from 1840 to 1952 (=  contributions to Statistics Bavaria . Issue 192). Munich 1954, DNB  451478568 , p. 170 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00066439-3 ( digitized version ).
  12. ↑ a b Joseph Heyberger, Chr. Schmitt, v. Wachter: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria with an alphabetical local dictionary . In: K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Bavaria. Regional and folklore of the Kingdom of Bavaria . tape 5 . Literary and artistic establishment of the JG Cotta'schen Buchhandlung, Munich 1867, Sp. 1015 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10374496-4 ( digitized version ).
  13. ↑ a b Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 1179 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digitized version ).
  14. ↑ a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Localities directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to government districts, administrative districts, ... then with an alphabetical register of locations, including the property and the responsible administrative district for each location. LIV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1888, Section III, Sp. 1111 ( digitized version ).
  15. ↑ a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 1177 ( digitized version ).
  16. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Localities directory for the Free State of Bavaria according to the census of June 16, 1925 and the territorial status of January 1, 1928 . Issue 109 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1928, Section II, Sp. 1215 ( digitized version ).
  17. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria - edited on the basis of the census of September 13, 1950 . Issue 169 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1952, DNB  453660975 , Section II, Sp. 1049 ( digitized version ).
  18. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Official local directory for Bavaria . Issue 335 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1973, DNB  740801384 , p. 172 ( digitized version ).
  19. ↑ Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 335 ( digitized version ).