Beltheim Court
The Beltheim court was a condominium that was part of the "Dreiherrischen area on the Hunsrück" and existed until 1780. It was a high court and was last under the joint rule of Kurtrier , the Duke of Pfalz-Zweibrücken (this until 1776 in community with the Margrave of Baden , both as Count of Sponheim ) and the baron, later Count of Metternich-Winneburg-Beilstein .
The administrative district reached from the northern Hunsrück to the Moselle and was in what is now Rhineland-Palatinate .
structure
According to the Trier fire book , a total of 383 fireplaces or families were counted in the area of the entire Beltheim court in 1563, which corresponds to an average of four to five family members and a population of around 1700.
| place | Subjects 1563 | Subjects 1773 | mostly | came to in 1780 | today |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beltheim | 26th | 49 | spontaneous (33) | Kurtrier | Beltheim |
| book | 49 | 69 | Electoral Trier (43) | Pfalz-Zweibrücken | book |
| Castles | 55 | 80 | Electoral Trier (68) | Kurtrier | Castles |
| Dommershausen | 30th | 33 | whale decker (31) | Metternich-Winneburg | Dommershausen |
| Eveshausen | 10 | 16 | whale decker (14) | Metternich-Winneburg | Dommershausen |
| Lahr | 11 | 22nd | beilsteinisch (11) | Kurtrier | Lahr |
| Lying | 31 | 41 | spontaneous (21) | Kurtrier | Lying |
| Quirks | 30th | 31 | whale decker (30) | Metternich-Winneburg | Quirks |
| Mörsdorf | 64 | 95 | Electoral Trier (55) | Pfalz-Zweibrücken | Mörsdorf |
| Mörz | 7th | 14th | Electoral Trier (8) | Pfalz-Zweibrücken | book |
| Petershausen | 1 | 1 | Electoral Trier (1) | Kurtrier | Zilshausen |
| Sabershausen | 25th | 24 | whale decker (16) | Kurtrier | Dommershausen |
| Uhler | 21st | 32 | spontaneous (31) | Pfalz-Zweibrücken | Uhler |
| Zilshausen | 23 | 29 | spontaneous (12) | Kurtrier | Zilshausen |
According to a list from the year 1773, the following structure emerged with regard to the affiliation of the subjects and bystanders :
| Sovereign | administration | Subjects | Sit down |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kurtrier | Office Baldeneck | 196 | 55 |
| County of Sponheim | Heyweiler care | 39 | - |
| County of Sponheim | Pastoral care | 52 | 10 |
| County of Sponheim | Beller care | 31 | 2 |
| County of Sponheim | Citizenship Kastellaun | 31 | 1 |
| Reign of Winneburg | 29 | 10 | |
| Lordship of Bassenheim | 7th | - | |
| Reign of Waldeck | 103 | 2 |
history
The Beltheim court is one of the so-called Pellenz dishes . The former affiliation to the Rhineland Palatinate can be read from the name . In the 13th century the Archbishops of Cologne and Trier pushed the Count Palatine from this position to the south. According to the Beltheim high court evidence from the years 1377, 1411 and 1472 as well as the Trier book of fire from 1563 the Archbishop of Trier was the supreme lord and the “judge over the neck and head of all people” at and on the Beltheim court , elsewhere: “Judge over the neck and stomach ”. Mr. von Winneburg (1377 von Braunshorn , most recently von Metternich ) held the office of “Vordingers” of the court, d. H. first or presiding judge. The Counts of Sponheim (as legal successors of the lords of the " Hinterburg zu Waldeck , which is called Niederburg"), were "containers" of the court, d. That is, they had to keep a prisoner in custody at Waldeck Castle until the next court day. The Elector of Trier received half, Winneburg and Sponheim each a quarter of the court income. For an execution the elector brought twelve armed men, Winneburg and Sponheim six each.
The three judges were represented at Beltheim by three bailiffs , of whom only Mr. von Winneburg's was allowed to speak, he was the “thing bailiff”, the other two were “silent bailiffs” ( swygen voigde ). The home castles of the 14 villages acted as lay judges , each village had a “home court” for the lower jurisdiction . With regard to the lay judges, it was stipulated that Kurtrier had seven, Sponheim four and Winneburg three. In 1563, those of the three Dingdörfer Beltheim, Ohweiler (Uhler) and Sabershausen were named as speakers of the Heimburgen. Taxes and valuations were not shared, each subject or rider was liable to pay taxes to his master.
From the jointly exercised powers of the three court lords, a complete condominium had later developed, of which Kurtrier owned half, Sponheim and Winneburg a quarter each. On April 3, 1573, the High Court lords of Beltheim, the Elector Jacob III. von Trier (1510–1581), Count Palatine Johann bei Rhein (1543–1592), Margrave Philipp von Baden (1559–1588), both as Counts of Sponheim, and Baron Philipp the Elder of Winneburg-Beilstein († 1583) a joint ordinance on the establishment of order in the Belheim court, employment of lay judges and civil servants, introduction of the Constitutio Criminalis Carolina , termination of abuses in inheritance matters , establishment of an appeals court in Koblenz , consisting of a jointly appointed commissioner, two electoral officials and one each from a voluntary home and Winneburg assessors.
On December 15, 1780, the tri-lordly area was divided. From the Beltheim court, Kurtrier received the towns of Beltheim , Burgen , Lahr , Lieg , Sabershausen and Zilshausen along with the Petershauser Hof. Pfalz-Zweibrücken , since the division of the rear county of Sponheim on September 27, 1776, sole owner of the Sponheim shares in the "Dreiherrischen", received Buch , Mörsdorf , Mörz and Uhler ; only the Baldenecker Burgfrieden , which was partly under Uhler Bann , was reserved for Kurtrier. The Count of Metternich-Winneburg-Beilstein received the villages of Dommershausen , Eveshausen and Macken .
The division came to an end in August 1783 with three elaborate homage ceremonies with folk festival character in Zell (August 18), Kastellaun (August 21) and Beltheim (August 26), which were handed down by the then Engelporter Prior Dionysius Schüppen in an impressive eyewitness report .
After the Left Bank of the Rhine was taken by French revolutionary troops (1794), the area became part of France , and then became part of the Kingdom of Prussia based on the agreements reached at the Congress of Vienna (1815) . Today the localities of Burgen and Macken belong to the district of Mayen-Koblenz , Lieg to the district of Cochem-Zell , all other localities to the Rhein-Hunsrück district .
literature
- Johannes Mötsch: Beltheim in the Middle Ages. In: Ortsgemeinde Beltheim (Ed.): Beltheim in the course of time 893-1993. Pp. 33-74. Beltheim 1993,
- Walter Rummel: Beltheim at the beginning of the modern age (1573–1793). In: Ortsgemeinde Beltheim (Ed.): Beltheim in the course of time 893-1993. Pp. 75-116. Beltheim 1993,
- Norbert J. Pies: The Beltheim court in the Dreiherrischen. In: Norbert J. Pies: Our home on old maps, pp. 13–36. Erftstadt 2013.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f Wilhelm Fabricius : Explanations of the Historical Atlas of the Rhine Province, Die Karte von 1789 (2nd volume), Bonn 1898. P. 196 ff.
- ^ A b c Wilhelm Arnold Günther : Codex diplomaticus Rheno-Mosellanus , Volume 5, Coblenz: Heriot, 1826. P. 526 ff. ( Google Books )
- ↑ Georg Bärsch , Johann Friedrich Schannat : Eiflia Illustrata or geographical and historical description of the Eifel , Volume 2, Bachem, 1829, p. 436 ( Google Books )
- ↑ Christian von Stramberg , Anton Joseph Weidenbach : Memorable and useful Rheinischer Antiquarius , Volume 4, Coblenz: Hergt , 1856. P. 313 ( Google Books )
- ^ Christian von Stramberg, Anton Joseph Weidenbach: Memorable and Useful Rheinischer Antiquarius , Volume 17, Coblenz: Hergt, 1870. P. 408 ( Google Books )
- ^ Original in the monastery archives, Norbert J. Pies: Die Teilung des Dreiherrischen - An eyewitness report. In: Hunsrücker Heimatblätter 67, vol. 26 (1986) pp. 277-279.