Kastellaun

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 50 ° 4 ′  N , 7 ° 27 ′  E
Basic data
State :	Rhineland-Palatinate
County :	Rhein-Hunsrück district
Association municipality :	Kastellaun
Height :	430 m above sea level NHN
Area :	8.47 km 2
Residents:	5463 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	645 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	56288
Area code :	06762
License plate :	SIM, GOA
Community key :	07 1 40 064
Association administration address:	Kirchstrasse 1 56288 Kastellaun
Website :	www.stadt-kastellaun.de
City Mayor :	Christian Keimer
Location of the town of Kastellaun in the Rhein-Hunsrück district

The town of Kastellaun (official spelling until December 6, 1935: Castellaun) lies in the low mountain range of the Hunsrück in the Rhein-Hunsrück district in Rhineland-Palatinate . It is the seat of the administration of the association of the same name .

geography

Geographical location

Kastellaun is located in the lower part of the Hunsrück, about the same distance from the Rhine , Moselle and Nahe . The city center lies between a valley basin in the north and the plateau of the Hunsrück, over which the B 327 , the so-called Hunsrückhöhenstrasse , runs.

and display information about the image

View of Kastellaun from the south in 2006

climate

The annual precipitation is 755 mm. The precipitation is in the middle third of the values ​​recorded in Germany. Lower values ​​are registered at 53% of the German Weather Service's measuring stations . The driest month is April, with the most rainfall in June. In June there is 1.4 times more rainfall than in April. Precipitation varies only minimally and is extremely evenly distributed over the year. Lower seasonal fluctuations are recorded at only 1% of the measuring stations .

Neighboring places

Uhler and Korweiler	Beltheim	Roth and Gödenroth
Book and bell		Hollnich
the Pydna and Hundheim	Hasselbach	Spesenroth and Laubach

history

The first written mention of "Kestilun" dates back to 1226. The castle of the same name Kastellaun was built by the Counts of Sponheim and belonged to the front county until 1417.

In 1301 the castle and town became the residence of Simon II von Sponheim and his wife Elisabeth. Count Simon II granted Kastellaun town rights in 1305 and obtained market rights from King Henry VII , brother of Baldwin of Luxembourg , Archbishop of Trier, on November 8, 1309. The castle and town were besieged in 1321 by the Archbishop of Trier, Baldwin of Luxembourg. Balduin built Balduinseck Castle near Buch in 1325 against Kastellaun. In 1340 Walram von Sponheim left Kastellaun and went to Bad Kreuznach .

Medieval view of Kastellaun

The Counts of Sponheim died out in 1437, and the inheritance, along with the Kastellaun office, fell to the Lords of Pfalz-Zweibrücken and Baden , who jointly administered it. Friedrich I received the Principality of Simmern and the share of the County of Sponheim from the Veldenz legacy, which he ruled from Kastellaun after the death of the last Veldenzer (1444). He was thus the actual founder of the Pfalz-Simmern line. In 1459 Friedrich I and his brother Ludwig divided their father's possessions again. Ludwig received the Duchy of Zweibrücken and Friedrich I resided in Simmern. The Palatinate-Simmerian portion of the Hinteren Grafschaft Sponheim fell in 1560 to Pfalz-Zweibrücken and in 1569 to Pfalz-Birkenfeld under Zweibrücker sovereignty.

Various bailiffs lived in the castle until 1594, representing the interests of the lords of the Grafschaft Veldenz, Margraviate Baden, Palatinate Counties Simmern and Zweibrücken. Margrave Eduard Fortunatus was expelled from Baden-Baden in 1594 and took refuge in the castle, which again became his residence. During the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) Spaniards, Swedes, Lorraine, Hesse and French occupied the city. Great plague epidemics raged.

The Sponheim rule around Kastellaun ended temporarily in 1687 with the occupation of many areas on the left bank of the Rhine by the troops of Louis XIV in the War of the Palatinate Succession . As a result, the castle and town were destroyed in 1689. 1776 came to an end, the office and city of Kastellaun fell to Pfalz-Zweibrücken.

During the coalition wars, the region was occupied by French revolutionary troops in 1793/94, annexed to the Rhin-et-Moselle department in 1798 and thus French until the Congress of Vienna in 1815. As a result of the reorganization of the territories, Kastellaun became part of the Prussian Rhine Province .

The castle became private property in 1820. The city bought the site in 1884 and renovated the walls for the first time.

Since 1946 the place has been part of the then newly founded state of Rhineland-Palatinate. On September 14, 1969 he received city ​​rights again .

The castle hill and the walls were renovated and restored again in 1990–1993. In 1999 the first castle house and in 2005 the second castle house were rebuilt. On September 9, 2007, a documentation center was inaugurated there, which is set up as the House of Regional History .

religion

Kastellaun used to belong to the parish of Bell. In the 14th century it has a branch church . With the introduction of the Reformation by Friedrich III. In 1557 Kastellaun became independent. Until the Palatinate War of Succession , the Kastellaun town church was the exclusive property of the Evangelicals. The few Catholics in the town held their services in the cemetery chapel in front of the town (new hall church from 1728). In 1690 the church was designated as a simultaneous church . In 1894 the simultaneum , which led to many disputes, was dissolved by a contract and payment of a transfer fee of 12,000 thalers to the Catholics, who then had a new neo-Gothic basilica built by Eduard Endler from 1899–1902 .

A Jewish community was officially formed from 1862 onwards with the arrival of Jewish believers around 1892. In 1879 a separate cemetery was established outside the city. The synagogue was set on fire on November 10, 1938, one day later than usual in the German Reich.

politics

City council

The city ​​council in Kastellaun consists of 22 council members, who were elected in a personalized proportional representation in the local elections on May 26, 2019 , and the honorary city ​​mayor as chairman.

The distribution of seats in the city council:

choice	SPD	CDU	FDP	FWG	total
2019	6th	8th	-	8th	22 seats
2014	7th	9	-	6th	22 seats
2009	6th	9	1	6th	22 seats
2004	6th	10	-	6th	22 seats

• FWG = Free Voter Group Berg

mayor

City Mayor is Christian Keimer. In the local elections on May 26, 2019, he was confirmed in his office with a share of 72.62% of the votes.

coat of arms

	Blazon : "In black a bar made of red and silver (white) in two rows, above one another two golden (yellow) helmet crowns ."
	Justification of the coat of arms: The coat of arms comes from a court seal from the early 15th century. It shows the slaughtered bar of the Counts of Sponheim . The two crowns and the red and white chess bar are symbols of the back county, which was considered a symbol of the common rule of the Sponheim counts Simon and Heinrich.

Town twinning

There has been a twinning with the French city of Prémery in Burgundy since 1994. This partnership emerged from a school partnership that began in 1983 between the "IGS Kastellaun" and the "Collège Nationalisé mixte".

Infrastructure

Market square and castle 2007

schools

In the urban area of ​​Kastellaun there is a primary school, the Integrated Comprehensive School (IGS) with upper secondary school, the Theodor Heuss School (FOES) with a focus on holistic and motor development and the Kastellaun Free Waldorf School .

Other facilities

The Julius Reuss Center , a Schmiedel facility with various residential options for people with special needs, is located in a residential area between the city center and the industrial area. Lebenshilfe Rhein-Hunsrück maintains an integrative day care center, a day care center and a residential and apartment building for adults. People with mental disabilities find a home in a rehabilitative dormitory run by the Bethesda - St. Martin Foundation.

In the industrial area of ​​the city there is a branch of the Rhein-Mosel workshop, a company with “protected jobs” for people who cannot or cannot yet be employed on the general labor market (WfbM) .

leisure

On the south-eastern outskirts there is an indoor swimming pool with an integrated rehabilitation center attached to a sports and fitness area. In the immediate vicinity, a mini golf course completes the area.

The Kyrillpfad has existed since May 2008 . Part of the forest area devastated by Hurricane Kyrill has been made accessible to visitors. On an 800 meter long path through 1.5 hectares of windthrow area, you can get an idea of ​​the storm damage and learn something about the newly emerging forest. Ten information stations deal in detail with geology , soil science, root development, climate and weather, life in dead wood, the voracity of the bark beetle , natural and artificial forest regeneration, mechanical timber harvesting and modern forestry.

A high rope climbing garden and a barefoot path were opened in the vicinity of the Kyrill path in May 2008 .

On the southern outskirts of Kastellaun, the Schinderhannes cycle path runs along the route of the former Hunsrück Railway . This starts in Simmern and leads past Kastellaun to Emmelshausen.

The former Pydna missile base is located near the town of Kastellaun . The Techno Festival Nature One takes place here every year .

In addition to many other clubs, there is the Kastellaun gymnastics club . He is part of the well-known handball community (HSG) Kastellaun-Simmern.

tourism

The city tries to promote tourism . Guided tours through the old town and the castle ruins are offered. The most important buildings, as well as historical events relating to the history of the castle and town of Kastellaun, are shown and explained by expert guides. The small traditional animal amusement park Bell is located in the immediate vicinity of the Beller Marktplatz and has been home to four Siberian tigers in a tiger enclosure since 2015.

Kastellaun is on Deutsche Alleenstrasse .

Bundeswehr location

A Bundeswehr barracks has been located in Kastellaun since March 20, 1964 , which previously housed the 920 telecommunications regiment and a maintenance unit, now the 282 information technology battalion . In the barracks is the so-called BSG K : This is one of the three fixed ground stations of the German Federal Armed Forces own satellite communication system SATCOMBw and has a C-band -, two X-band - and P-band antennas.

Personalities

Born in Kastellaun

• Philipp Christoph Imperial Knight von Sötern (1567–1652), Archbishop and Elector of Trier
• Eberhard Kieser (1583–1631), engraver and publisher
• Johann Wilhelm Josef Castello (1758–1830), priest, cathedral dean, steward and professor
• Heinrich Friedrich Zimmer (1851–1910), Celtologist and Indologist, first German professor of Celtology
• Albrecht Koschorke (* 1958), literary scholar at the University of Konstanz

Associated with Kastellaun

• Heinrich Barenbroch (around 1525–1587), Protestant pastor and reformer of the city of Essen
• Eduard Fortunat von Baden (1565–1600), regent of the margraviate of Baden-Baden, died in Kastellaun Castle
• Friedrich Back (1801–1879) Protestant pastor, superintendent and local researcher
• Friedrich Hachenberg (1915–1992), forester, headed the Kastellaun Forestry Office from 1951 to 1968 and published several books and specialist articles on the forest around the city
• Karl-August von Dahl (* 1942), Protestant pastor, in the 1980s one of the organizers and one of the leaders of the movement for peace and against the deployment of US nuclear missiles in the Hunsrück
• Jutta Renate von Dahl (* 1943), Protestant pastor, was the first to be awarded the Aachen Peace Prize in 1988 for her commitment to the peace movement.
• Christian W. Schenk (* 1951), German-Romanian poet, essayist, translator and publisher, lived in Kastellaun (1987–2009).
• Marlon Bröhr (* 1974), politician, has lived in Kastellaun since 2003.

literature

• Kastellaun in history . Published by the Pies-Archiv family foundation, the integrated comprehensive school Kastellaun and the city of Kastellaun in conjunction with the Vorderhunsrück research center
  • Volume 1: Christof Pies (Red.): Common memory. Jewish survivors of National Socialism encounter citizens and students in their hometown. Project week of the comprehensive school Kastellaun "Judaism and National Socialism". State Integrated Comprehensive School Kastellaun and City of Kastellaun , Kastellaun 1989, 220 pp.
  • Volume 2: Eike Pies : Citizens' books of the city and the office of Kastellaun. (1568-1798) . Pies, Sprockhövel 1991, 675 pages, ISBN 3-928441-05-1
  • Volume 3: Bernd König et al .: Kastellaun's landmark, his castle . Pies and Stadt Kastellaun, Dommershausen and Kastellaun 1994, 207 pages, ISBN 3-928441-15-9 or ISBN 3-928441-15-9
  • Volume 4: Josef Peil (compilation) et al .: Streiflichter. Evidence from the life of the town of Kastellaun and its inhabitants . Pies and Stadt Kastellaun, Dommershausen and Kastellaun 1996, 292 pages, ISBN 3-928441-27-2
  • Volume 5: Friedrich Hachenberg : Forest around Kastellaun. A contribution to the history of the urban forest . Finally edited by Franz-Josef Boeder. Pies and Stadt Kastellaun, Dommershausen and Kastellaun 1998, 183 pages, ISBN 3-928441-34-5
  • Volume 6: Michael Frauenberger: Citizens' books for the Kastellaun office (1568–1798). Volume 2: The Lutheran parishes Alterkülz (with Michelbach and partly Neuerkirch), Bell (with Hasselbach, Hundheim, Krastel, Leideneck, Spesenroth, Völkenroth and Wohnroth), Gödenroth (with Heyweiler), Roth (with Hollnich) and Uhler from 1701 . Pies, Dommershausen 1999, 739 (XIX) S., ISBN 3-928441-38-8 .
  • Volume 7: Eric Beres: Emigration from the Hunsrück 1815–1871. Structures, causes and consequences using the example of the former mayor of Kastellaun . [Modified master's thesis.] Pies and the city of Kastellaun, Dommershausen and Kastellaun 2001, ISBN 3-928441-41-8 .
  • Volume 8: Christof Pies (Red.), Rolf Claus et al .: Moments - from Kestilun to Kastellaun . Pies, Sprockhövel 2008, 243 p., ISBN 978-3-928441-70-4
• Hubert Leifeld, Karl Peter Wiemer (Red.): Kastellaun. Castle and town in the anterior Hunsrück . Ed .: Rheinischer Verein für Denkmalpflege und Landschaftsschutz (=  Rheinische Kunststätten . Issue 461). Neusser Druckerei und Verlag, Neuss 2001, ISBN 3-88094-877-1 .
• Author collective: 25 years of the garrison town of Kastellaun. Information leaflet for guests and soldiers. Mönch, Koblenz, Bonn and Waldesch 1989.

Movies

• Alexander Stein: Kastellaun and Nature One. EinsPlus, 2013.

See also

• List of cultural monuments in Kastellaun
• List of natural monuments in Kastellaun

Web links

Commons : Kastellaun  - collection of images

Wikisource: Castelaun in the Topographia Palatinatus Rheni (Matthäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

• Illustration by Daniel Meisner from 1626: Castelhun. The Haas likes to be there He was hatched ( digitized )
• 360 ° panoramic view from the south tower of the castle ruins over the town of Kastellaun
• 360 ° panoramic view of the old town from the viewpoint of the castle ruins
• Literature about Kastellaun in the Rhineland-Palatinate state bibliography

Individual evidence

1. ↑ State Statistical Office of Rhineland-Palatinate - population status 2019, districts, communities, association communities ( help on this ).
2. ↑ Statistics of the German Reich, Volume 450: Official municipality directory for the German Reich, Part I, Berlin 1939; Page 267
3. ↑ Official municipality directory 2006 ( Memento from December 22, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) (= State Statistical Office Rhineland-Palatinate [Hrsg.]: Statistical volumes . Volume 393 ). Bad Ems March 2006, p. 204 (PDF; 2.6 MB). Info: An up-to-date directory ( 2016 ) is available, but in the section "Territorial changes - Territorial administrative reform" it does not give any population figures.  
4. ↑ Ev. Church community Kastellaun at archive EKiR PDF
5. ^ The Regional Returning Officer RLP: Municipal Council Election 2019 Kastellaun, City. Retrieved October 7, 2019 . 
6. ^ The Regional Returning Officer Rhineland-Palatinate: Municipal elections 2014, city and municipal council elections
7. ↑ The Regional Returning Officer RLP: direct elections 2019. see Kastellaun, Verbandsgemeinde, 25th line of results. Retrieved October 7, 2019 . 
8. ↑ Klemens Stadler: German coat of arms. Volume 2. Bremen 1966, p. 35.
9. ^ Directory of schools in Rhineland-Palatinate. Retrieved June 20, 2016.
10. ^ Social institutions of the city of Kastellaun. Retrieved June 20, 2016.
11. ↑ Thomas Schenkel: SATCOMBw. Satellite communication for the Bundeswehr. MilSat Services GmbH, March 12, 2010, accessed on August 11, 2016 . 
12. ↑ Kastellaun and Nature One. In: programm.ARD.de. Retrieved December 12, 2018 .