Niederburg

This article deals with the municipality of Niederburg in Rhineland-Palatinate. For other places and buildings with this name see Niederburg (disambiguation)

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 50 ° 7 '  N , 7 ° 42'  E
Basic data
State :	Rhineland-Palatinate
County :	Rhein-Hunsrück district
Association municipality :	Hunsrück-Middle Rhine
Height :	327 m above sea level NHN
Area :	6.78 km 2
Residents:	664 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	98 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	55432
Area code :	06744
License plate :	SIM, GOA
Community key :	07 1 40 104
Association administration address:	Rathausstrasse 6 55430 Oberwesel
Website :	www.niederburg.de
Local Mayor :	Jörg Oppenhäuser
Location of the local community Niederburg in the Rhein-Hunsrück district

Niederburg is a municipality in the Rhein-Hunsrück district in Rhineland-Palatinate . It belongs to the Hunsrück-Mittelrhein community .

geography

The scattered village is on the edge of the Hunsrück near the Rhine overlooking the Oberweseler Schoenburg , the castle Gutenfels and Pfalzgrafenstein Castle . The district covers an area of ​​6.78 km², of which 3.17 km² is forest.

history

Niederburg was probably built in the 10th century. The first documentary mention, however, is only found in 1256, when Gottfried von Niederburg (Niderenberch) appeared in a list of witnesses . The first settlers were charcoal burners, farmers and craftsmen. In 1309, there is evidence of the first church in Niederburg, which the Archbishop of Trier and Elector Werner III. von Falkenstein raised to parish church in 1386.

In the 14th century the place had special privileges. Around 1550 it was after Oberwesel itself the most populous place of the Electorate of Trier Oberwesel. A conflict between the Archbishop of Trier von Falkenstein and the city of Oberwesel escalated into an armed conflict in 1390, the so-called Wesel War . For the first time in the Rhineland, guns were used from Niederenberg and the city was besieged for over a year before it gave up on October 9, 1391. Subsequently, Niederenberg was renamed to the current name Niederburg. Due to the war, the affiliation to the city of Oberwesel was canceled. 1414 there are even indications in documents ("oppidum Nydernberg prope dictam Wesaliam") that Niederburg appears as a city. It can be assumed that Niederburg was already fortified with ramparts and ditches at this time; as late as 1852, these fortifications were largely preserved. In 1434, however, Niederburg's independence was revoked and at the instigation of Archbishop Raban von Helmstatt , the place came back to the city of Oberwesel.

Niederburg has been an independent municipality since 1786. With the occupation of the left bank of the Rhine in 1794 by French revolutionary troops , the place became French, in 1815 it was assigned to the Kingdom of Prussia at the Congress of Vienna .

After the First World War, Niederburg was temporarily occupied by the French again .

On November 21, 1944, 52 bombs were dropped shortly after 1 p.m. in and around Niederburg as part of Allied air raids. The presumable destination was the railway line that runs past Niederburg in the Rhine Valley. In the attack, however, two bombs hit the town center, killing two people.

Since 1946 the place has been part of the then newly formed state of Rhineland-Palatinate .

politics

Municipal council

The council consists of twelve council members, who in the local elections on May 26, 2019 in a majority vote were elected, and the honorary mayor as chairman.

mayor

Jörg Oppenhäuser is the local mayor of Niederburg. Since there was no candidate in the local elections on May 26, 2019, he was elected by the local council. He is the successor to Hermann-Josef Klockner, who no longer ran.

Culture and sights

St. Stephen's Church

The local church of Niederburg, whose patron saint is Saint Stephen according to a visitation protocol from 1657 and which was first mentioned in 1309, still has its Romanesque church tower from the early days. Two bells from the Middle Ages hang here. The bells were cast by Tyllmann von Hachenburg in 1477 and survived the Thirty Years' War and World War II . The 27 quintals heavy bell bears the name Maria, the pouring of the smaller 20 ct. Indicates that it is called Stephanus. In 1954, with the expansion of the church, the parish received two more bells. They come from the Mabilon bell foundry in Saarburg , weigh 14 and 10 hundredweight and are dedicated to Saint Joseph, Saint Laurentius and Saint Maria Goretti .

In the Middle Ages Niederburg belonged to the Archdeaconate Karden and the Landkapitel Boppard . In 1802 Niederburg came to the diocese of Aachen as an auxiliary parish in the newly formed canton of Sankt Goar , but returned to the diocese of Trier in 1824 . Niederburg has been part of the Deanery St. Goar since 1827 .

Niederburg Castle

Only the remains of the enclosure wall and moat are left of the former Niederburg castle complex. It is not known when and by whom the castle was destroyed.

See also: List of cultural monuments in Niederburg

economy

Up until the year 2000, the area around Niederburg was shaped by viticulture. In 2000, however, the last winemaker had his vines cleared. Since then there has been no more viticulture in and around Niederburg. Some areas are cultivated by Oberwesel winemakers. Some part-time farmers still do some farming. The grassland, especially on the slopes, is used for grazing. In terms of handicrafts, there is a sawmill with carpentry, a roofing company and a heating engineer; there is also a forge / wagon construction, an electrical and a garden service company. Many commute to the surrounding cities on the nearby Autobahn 61 .

Web links

Commons : Niederburg  - Collection of Images

• Local community Niederburg in the Hunsrück
• Historical information about Niederburg at regionalgeschichte.net
• Bells of St. Stephen's Church on YouTube
• Literature about Niederburg in the Rhineland-Palatinate state bibliography

Individual evidence

1. ↑ State Statistical Office of Rhineland-Palatinate - population status 2019, districts, communities, association communities ( help on this ).
2. ↑ Certificate HHStAW Section 22 No. U 207 a  in the Hessian State Archives, Wiesbaden. In: Archive Information System Hessen (Arcinsys Hessen).
3. ^ Karl August von Cohausen: Old entrenchments on the Hunsrück and their relationship to the fortress Rheinfels near St. Goar . In: Yearbooks of the Society of Friends of Antiquity in the Rhineland . tape XVIII . Bonn 1852, p. 46 ff . ( Full text on Google Books ).
4. ↑ Announcement of the result of the majority election to the local council
5. ^ Local community Niederburg: Jörg Oppenhäuser elected as the new local mayor. Retrieved October 2, 2019 .