Bretsch
|
Bretsch
Community Altmärkische height
Coordinates: 52 ° 50 ′ 28 " N , 11 ° 37 ′ 52" E
|
||
|---|---|---|
| Height : | 37 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 33.18 km² | |
| Residents : | 242 (Dec. 31, 2012) | |
| Population density : | 7 inhabitants / km² | |
| Incorporation : | January 1, 2010 | |
| Postal code : | 39606 | |
| Primaries : | 039391, 039386, 039384 | |
Location in Saxony-Anhalt |
||
 one of the large stone graves near Bretsch
|
||
Bretsch is a part of the municipality Altmärkische Höhe in the district of Stendal in Saxony-Anhalt .
geography
Bretsch is located in the north of the Altmark , between the small towns of Arendsee (Altmark) , Seehausen (Altmark) and Osterburg (Altmark) . The village is about 32 meters above sea level in the glacial valley of the Elbe , in a hilly ground moraine landscape and is delimited by the following districts: east of Drüsedau , Dequede and Röthenberg, south of Stapel , and Wohlenberg , west of Dewitz and north of Priemern. The place is on the Zehre (Zehrengraben), on the Halmaygraben rising from the Kleinauer Bruch and on the Boock-Kleinauer Grenzgraben, the so-called Hammergraben . The Zehrengraben divides the Bretsch and Dewitz corridors. To the east and west of the Zehrengraben between Bretsch and the district of Dewitz, the terrain rises gradually and reaches a height of 60 m above sea level. NHN.
climate
The annual precipitation is 513 mm and is extremely low because it falls in the lower twentieth of the values recorded in Germany. Lower values are registered at 5% of the measuring stations of the German Weather Service . The driest month is February, with the most rainfall in June. In June there is 2.1 times more rainfall than in February. Precipitation hardly varies and is evenly distributed over the year. Lower seasonal fluctuations are recorded at only 11% of the measuring stations.
The average annual temperature is 8.8 ° C . The statistically warmest month is July with an average of 17.8 ° C. The month of January, the coldest month of the year, has an average temperature of 0 ° C.
|
Average monthly temperatures and precipitation for Bretsch
Source: Climate-Data.org
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Origin of the place name
The name is of Wendish origin and means birch .
history
According to the Urmes table sheet of 1823, Bretsch is a rural village that has been deformed by manor formation .
The first documentary mention as Brezhic comes from the year 1263. At that time the Krevese monastery owned three Hufen land in the village. In 1361 the squire Wichard von Bretzeke was named, who provided his daughter with lifts from Dewitz for the Arendsee monastery . One witness was Dominus Olze, a clergyman in Breceke .
In 1425, the two villages Olden and Nyen Britzeke are mentioned in a certificate of an exchange of goods . Further mentions are 1541 Brietzke , 1608 Breske , 1687 Bretsche , 1794 Bretsche before old Britzke and finally 1804 Bretsch, Bretsche .
Incorporations
On September 30, 1928 the manor district of Bretsch (without the Vorwerk Röthenberg) was merged with the rural community of Bretsch. On July 1, 1950, Dewitz and on February 1, 1974 Drüsedau was incorporated into Bretsch. Originally Priemern was incorporated into Losse on July 1, 1950 and was assigned to Bretsch on November 22, 1967. The municipality Bretsch came on 25 July 1952 by the district Osterburg for county Osterburg . On July 1, 1994 it was assigned to the newly established district of Stendal .
Until December 31, 2009, Bretsch was an independent municipality with the associated districts of Dewitz, Drüsedau and Priemern.
The municipal councils of the communities Boock (on May 20, 2009), Bretsch (on June 30, 2009), Gagel (on January 12, 2009), Heiligenfelde (on January 21, 2009), Kossebau (on June 16, 2009) 2009), Losse (on January 23, 2009) and Lückstedt (on January 12, 2009) decided that their communities should be dissolved and merged into a new community with the name Altmärkische Höhe . This contract was approved by the county as the lower local supervisory authority and came into effect on January 1, 2010.
Agriculture
During the land reform in 1945, the following were established: one property over 100 hectares with 308 hectares, 32 properties under 100 hectares with a total of 372 hectares, the three church properties had a total of 56 hectares and the two parish councils together had two hectares. In 1945 621.4 hectares were expropriated, in 1946 another 48.7 hectares were expropriated.
Bretsch windmill
In 1686 a windmill was named, whose mill belonged to Daniel von Eimbecks (Einbeck's) heirs. In 1775 there were two windmills. 1794 just a windmill. In the church records of Bretsch, a miller family named Gladigau is mentioned from the beginning of the 19th to the beginning of the 20th century. Since 1997 a wind turbine has been installed on the Mühlenberg in the southeast of the village, which a descendant of the former Müller built.
prehistory
The large stone graves near Bretsch bear witness to the settlement of the area in the Neolithic Age. In 1835 urns were found while ditching at the Thinhof in Bretsch. These were handed over to the museum in Salzwedel in 1838 .
Population development
Manor / manor district
|
|
|
Village / municipality
|
|
|
|
|
District
|
Source if not stated:
religion
The Protestant parish of Bretsch used to belong to the parish of Bretsch. The parish is now part of parishioners area Kossebau the church district Stendal in Propst Sprengel Stendal Magdeburg of the Evangelical Church in Central Germany .
The oldest surviving church records for Bretsch date from 1737.
politics
mayor
The last honorary mayor of the Bretsch community was Jörn Böllstorf.
Culture and sights
- The Protestant village church Bretsch, a field stone church , is a transition building from Romanesque to Gothic style and was built around 1250.
- The local cemetery is in the churchyard.
- In Bretsch, on Dorfstrasse on Lindenweg, there is a memorial to those who fell in the world wars, a natural stone monument without a name with an inlaid granite slab.
The cultural life in Bretsch is shaped by the local associations. In the register of associations of the Stendal District Court the following are named:
- American History / Wild West e. V. Bretsch
- Riding and sports club Bretsch e. V.
- Association of the volunteer fire brigade Bretsch e. V.
- Heimatverein Gemeinde Bretsch e. V.
Sports
Bretsch is one of the Altmark hiking nests that are organized in the Altmark hiking club.
Economy and Infrastructure
Transport links
Road connections lead from Bretsch to federal highway 190 to Arendsee (Altmark) , to federal highway 189 to Seehausen (Altmark) and to Kalbe (Milde) . The planned A 14 motorway will run through the municipality near Drüsedau in a north-south direction.
Personalities
- Karl Wilhelm Osterwald (1820–1887), educator and writer
Trivia
In 1901, Alfred Pohlmann passed on the legend "The hardworking women of Bretsch". He reports: In the Altmark there is only the custom that the men have precedence in the distribution of Holy Communion . In… Bretsch… this is not the case; for here the women and virgins come ... before the men at the Lord's table. The men of the village worked on the church of the village until the tower of the church was about halfway through, then they went on strike ... To avert the shame, the women appeared as saving angels on the tarpaulin and declared "If our men stubborn and" Uneven «and don't want to work, we want to work and ensure that our church is finished.” In conclusion, he writes: Even today, the place on the upper part of the tower is shown where the women and virgins started to build. You can see this clearly by the fact that there the stones start to get smaller. The legend is very similar to the legend about the building of the church tower in the stage .
literature
- Peter P. Rohrlach: Historical local lexicon for the Altmark (Historical local lexicon for Brandenburg, Part XII) . Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-8305-2235-5 , pp. 321-326 .
- Wilhelm Zahn : Local history of the Altmark . Edited by Martin Ehlies based on the bequests of the author. 2nd Edition. Verlag Salzwedeler Wochenblatt, Graphische Anstalt, GmbH, Salzwedel 1928, p. 184 .
- JAF Hermes, MJ Weigelt: Historical-geographical-statistical-topographical handbook from the administrative districts of Magdeburg . Topographical part. Ed .: Verlag Heinrichshofen. tape 2 , 1842, p. 366 , 19th Bretsch ( digitized version ).
- Arthur Matthies: Brezhic - Bretsch, Osterburg / Altmark district 1263-1963 . Festschrift for the 700th anniversary. Ed .: Council of the community. Self-published, 1963.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Andreas Puls: Places lose 122 inhabitants in 12 months . In: Volksstimme Magdeburg, local edition Osterburg . February 21, 2013 ( volksstimme.de [accessed June 19, 2019]).
- ↑ Reference period 1961 to 1990.
- ↑ Climate-Data.org calculated from the data from 1982 to 2012
- ↑ Helmut Kurt Block and Kulturförderverein Östliche Altmark (ed.): Municipality of Bretsch (= The knowledge of the region . Volume 3 ). 1st edition. Edition Kulturförderverein Östliche Altmark, Kremkau 2008, DNB 994253249 , p. 68 .
- ↑ a b c d e f Peter P. Rohrlach: Historical local lexicon for the Altmark (Historical local lexicon for Brandenburg, Part XII) . Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-8305-2235-5 , pp. 321-326 .
- ^ Adolph Friedrich Riedel : Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis : Collection of documents, chronicles and other source documents . Main part 1st volume 22 . Berlin 1862, p. 61-62 ( digitized version ).
- ^ Adolph Friedrich Riedel : Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis : Collection of documents, chronicles and other source documents . Main part 1st volume 5 . Berlin 1845, p. 385 ( digitized version ).
- ^ Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring : Statistical-topographical description of the entire Mark Brandenburg . For statisticians, businessmen, especially for camera operators. tape 1 . Berlin 1804, p. 311 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Administrative region of Magdeburg (Ed.): Official Gazette of the Government of Magdeburg . 1928, ZDB -ID 3766-7 , p. 213 .
- ↑ a b Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Municipalities 1994 and their changes since 01.01.1948 in the new federal states . Metzler-Poeschel, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 , pp. 345 .
- ↑ Landkreis Stendal: Public announcement of area change agreement . In: Landkreis Stendal (Hrsg.): Official Journal for the Landkreis Stendal . 19th year, no. 17 , August 12, 2009, ZDB -ID 2665593-7 , p. 207–210 ( landkreis-stendal.de [PDF; 7.0 MB ; accessed on April 19, 2020]).
- ↑ German Gender Book , Volume 160, pp. 163–165
- ↑ Ralf Franke: The system runs and runs and runs . In: Volksstimme Magdeburg . July 24, 2017 ( volksstimme.de [accessed August 3, 2019]).
- ↑ Johann Friedrich Danneil : So far made excavations or finds from Wendish graves . In: Annual reports of the Altmark Association for Patriotic History . 1st annual report, 1838, p. 53–54 ( altmark-geschichte.de [PDF]).
- ↑ Parish Almanac or the Protestant clergy and churches of the Province of Saxony in the counties of Wernigerode, Rossla and Stolberg . 19th year, 1903, ZDB -ID 551010-7 , p. 105 ( [1] [accessed August 1, 2019]).
- ↑ Parish area Kossebau. Retrieved August 1, 2019 .
- ↑ Ernst Machholz: The church books of the Protestant churches in the province of Saxony (= communications from the Central Office for German Personal and Family History . 30th issue). Leipzig 1925, p. 15 ( wiki-de.genealogy.net [accessed August 3, 2019]).
- ^ Municipality of Bretsch - District of Stendal, mayoral election on May 13, 2001. State Statistical Office of Saxony-Anhalt, February 13, 2008, accessed on August 2, 2019 .
- ↑ Thomas Hartwig: All Altmark churches from A to Z . Elbe-Havel-Verlag, Havelberg 2012, ISBN 978-3-9814039-5-4 , p. 69-69 .
- ↑ Online project monuments to the likes. In: Dewitz at www.denkmalprojekt.org. 2008, accessed August 3, 2019 .
- ↑ Register of associations of the Stendal District Court on handelsregister.de. Retrieved August 3, 2019 .
- ↑ wanderverband.de (PDF)
- ^ Alfred Pohlmann: Legends from the cradle of Prussia and the German Empire, the Altmark . Franzen & Große, Stendal 1901, p. 140-141 .
Web links
- Bretsch on seehausen-altmark.de
- Bretsch in the historical directory of the association for computer genealogy
- Homeland association of the municipality of Bretsch