Hohenkirchen village church

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Church in Hohenkirchen
Steeple
Church with an entrance gate

The village church Hohenkirchen is a Gothic brick building in Hohenkirchen , a municipality in the district of Northwest Mecklenburg ( Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania ).

history

The place owes its name to the dominant position of the village church at the height of a moraine. It was founded around 1200 during the early settlement of the coastal strip between the Wismar Bay and the Wohlenberger Wiek .

The church was mentioned in the Ratzeburg tithe register around 1230 and belonged to the Ratzeburg diocese in the Middle Ages. When this church was built on the orders of the Bishop of Ratzeburg, the name Honkerken came up and was mentioned in a document in 1260. As early as 1308, the von Quitzow auf Voigtshagen family owned Hohenkirchen, but church patronage was assumed by the sovereign in place of the bishop. In the church visit protocol from 1647 the duke was named as patron of the church, but in 1653 he had already assigned it to District Administrator Daniel von Plessen auf Hoikendorf. This was followed by Baron Friedrich Amadeus von Schmettau in 1723 , Baltasar Ditmar in 1749, Ernst Friedrich von Bülow in 1783, the Kosel family in 1804, Karl Brakenwagen in 1808 and Chamberlain Ernst Graf von Bernstorff from 1811 . Since 1829 the Dassel family, from 1847 Dr. Iwan von Glöden , then forester Otto von der Lühe and from 1865 Bernhard Karl von Bülow . From 1877 Hohenkirchen stayed with Colonel a. D. Helmuth August von Buch owned by the von Buch families.

Building history

Today's church is the second building and was built in the 15th century, according to more recent dendrochronological studies, probably as early as the end of the 14th century.

From 1988 to 1989 the nave and 2003 the vestibule were restored. In 2003, the former patron s lodge was converted into a community room in the southern extension. The installation of underfloor heating with heat generation by geothermal energy in 2003 as part of an EU funding project is also worth mentioning.

Building description

Southeast view

The church consists of a nave with three pairs of side chapels, a slightly drawn-in choir with a polygonal 5/8 end and a slightly drawn-in square west tower. Its masonry was not completely completed, the hipped roof , which is still preserved today, was put on during construction. Only the buttresses of the choir polygon protrude outwards. The nave is an off-side room , in which the partition walls between the chapels serve as buttresses. The last yoke in front of the choir polygon has no chapels. The sacristy on the north side was built at the same time as the choir. The entrance building on the south side has a basement made of solid brick walls and an upper floor made of timber framing from the 17th or 18th century. The portal is designed as a stepped portal towards the entrance building. The church interior is covered with ribbed vaults, one yoke in the tower and four yokes in the nave . In contrast to the pointed arches of the windows, the dividing arches between the yokes of the nave are round and the diagonal ribs of the nave yokes are only very slightly pointed. The tracery of the windows was replaced in modern times.

The nave was restored in 1988/1989 and the vestibule in 2003. Nine of the twelve glass windows were restored by apprentices from the Lübeck State College of Glazing as part of their practical training.

Furnishing

The church is furnished with medieval and post-medieval works of art. There are wall and ceiling paintings from different eras throughout the church.

pulpit

pulpit

There was a pulpit as early as 1573 , because Pastor Crull's chronicle records read 1731, thanks to Pastor Role's diligence, the church was expanded with chairs in 1573, and the old pulpit and organ were renovated. The wooden pulpit on a north pillar was made in 1739 by the sculptor Heinrich Johann Bülle with ample figural decorations. The lectern is carried by a small carved pelican with his boy. Around 1900 the angels with the cross, the doves, the chalice, the Bible and the wooden wreath of clouds were dismantled.

altar

The altar came in 1749, exactly ten years later, from the workshop of the sculptor Johann Heinrich Bülle. An inscription on the back wall of the altar indicates the year of origin 1749. Pastor Crull wrote at that time, by God's grace and blessing, the church also received a new altar, which was made in Lübeck and anhero with eleven carts, and after 8 days it was brought up and on place of the old altar was built without the slightest damage.

The altar is a two-storey architectural structure with fully plastic figures. The main floor, framed by coupled columns, is dominated by a crucifix and the free figures of Isaiah on the left and Moses on the right. In front of the volute gable, the risen Christ can be seen with a halo and angel figures on the side, as well as a globe and God's eye. In the base there is a painting of the Last Supper from 1870.

Triumphal cross

Triumphal cross
Vintner organ

The most important pre-Reformation work of art is the expressive, almost life-size crucifix , which must have once belonged to a triumphal cross group and was created around 1300. Behind the altar, painted with oil paint and damaged several times, it was repaired by Pastor Georg Meltzer in 1675. While it was still relatively well preserved on the body, apart from major losses in the frame and a sharp rise in craquelure , the upper frame on the cross came off a large area in small clods. Exposing the medieval version was extremely complicated, so it was decided to keep the visual version on the body. Remnants of the old version were painstakingly secured, the many imperfections puttied up and retouched according to the surrounding color. In terms of wood, the thumb of the left hand and part of the lower quatrefoil were added to the body, which was possible by comparing the object. This work was carried out in 2006 by the restorer Anette Seiffert.

organ

On the west gallery is the mechanical slider chest organ (II / P / 15) built in 1845 by the organ builder Friedrich Wilhelm Winzer from Wismar. Winzer built the two-manual organ with 16 stops, including four pedal stops, according to the old work principle. Its sound was probably not pleasant to the local organists because two registers were changed.

From 1978 to 1980 the company Orgelbau A. Voigt from Bad Liebenwerda carried out a restoration. No longer playable after vandalism damage, the organ was restored in 2006 by master organ builder Andreas Arnold from the organ building company Mecklenburger Orgelbau . The organ was completely cleaned, the manual and pedal keyboards and the special cupboard were refurbished, and the organ case, which was badly damaged by moisture, was stabilized and repaired by a carpenter. The 41 zinc prospect pipes installed after 1918 were replaced by pewter pipes in the alloy used by Winzers' construction, thus restoring the original visual and sonic impression. Some pipes destroyed by the woodworm also had to be replaced.

A restoration of the color version of the organ prospectus under the peeling wood imitation painting is a version in old white with gold, but could not be carried out for cost reasons.

Baptismal font

Baptismal font

The early Romanesque granite funnel has been in the chancel since 1955 with traces of iron hooks for fastening the lid. The production time is before 1160, which is also evidenced by the rough surface due to the stone-on-stone knocking technique. It is adorned with rich figurative jewelry both on the foot and on the cup . Twelve gates in four groups of three point to the heavenly Jerusalem. In between there are four braids with bows at the top that adorn the baptismal font. Four profile heads can be seen at the foot of the Fifth. In the baptismal font there is a holy water font from the same period. The fifth is 83 cm high, 96 cm wide, has a dome height of 47 cm and a wall thickness of 11 to 12 cm.

Grave slabs

In the church there are several interesting tombstones from the 17th and 18th centuries. The double grave stone from 1666 of the pastor couple Zacharia Manke and his wife Dorothea Woserin is provided in full-figure relief. Holding a goblet in her right hand and a Bible in her left while she clasps her hands. In the corners are the four evangelists with names and on the sides inscriptions in three lines about his life data. Other gravestones are from Pastor August Joachim Rodeler, who died in 1787, and Pastor Crull, who died in 1774, with his wife and son.

Bell jar

There were three bells in the tower. The larger one with richly decorated capital letters came from the 14th century. The middle and small bells are said to have been cast by Schulz in Rostock in 1764. In 1861 the middle and in 1890 the small bronze bell were cast around. Today only the bronze bell from the end of the 13th or beginning of the 14th century with a richly decorated majuscule font, Bless, oh God, this bell; the people are well, the air is healthy .

Churchyard

St. Maria with the child

The cemetery is located around the church on a hill. It is surrounded by a wall and is accessed on the southern side through an imposing churchyard gate. It fell on February 12, 1894 in a strong storm. The two figures of St. Mary with the child and St. Nicholas with his shepherd's staff made of fired and glazed clay on the archway can also be found at the Church of St. Nikolai in Wismar .

Rectory

During the lifetime of Pastor Gottfried Pritzelius, a completely new parsonage was built here in 1723, after the old one, which was so elongated and covered with reed, was demolished and this was built with bricks and 2 chimneys. After his death there was a vacancy until 1731 because of the internal Mecklenburg unrest. When Pastor Crull took office in 1731, the interior of the new parsonage was not completely expanded, so that he had to have all sorts of things done at his own expense. So he had the two lower rooms lined with wallpaper and oilcloth, without the church being in the least helpful to me. During the tenure of Pastor Grimm, on the night of March 10, 1807, the sacrament implements of the church except for a sick cup were stolen by a violent break-in in the rectory. His successor Pastor Erfurth, the son of a master blacksmith from Lausitz, had two silver goblets, two godparents and a wafer box made by the goldsmith Brockmann in Wismar in 1830.

Pastors

Names and years indicate the verifiable mention as pastor.

  • 1237 - 0000Dietrich.
  • 1275-1300 Hermann.
  • 1321–1326 Johann Ketel.
  • 1340– 0000Johann Striebterok.
  • 1527– Church master 0000Curt Wolskopp.
  • 1540– 0000Erasmus Hermens (Hagenkercke) from Wismar, a fairly pious, learned man.
  • 1568–1573 Matthäus Fischer.
  • 1573–1573 Johann Dürer (Durerus).
  • 1574–1615 Johann Role (Rule, Rulenius).
  • 1622–1659 Zacharias Manke (Maneke, Manichius) from Malchin , his figural tombstone is in the church.
  • 1659–1685 Georg Meltzer from Güstrow .
  • 1686–1705 Hermann Wolff from Lübeck .
  • 1706–1728 Johann Gottfried Pritzelius from Breslau, expelled from the Palatinate as pastor, epitaph in the church.
  • 1728–1731 vacant due to internal Mecklenburg unrest .
  • 1731–1773 Otto Hermann Christian Crull from Gressow , his gravestone is under the pulpit.
  • 1774–1787 August Joachim Rodeler, his tombstone is in the church.
  • 1789–1820 Ehrenreich Johann Christian Grimm from Wismar .
  • 1820–1841 Cal Gottlieb Erfurth came from Lausitz , 1816 rector in Hagenow , 1841 to Picher .
  • 1841–1870 Friedrich Carl Rudolph Strecker, 1830 rector in Rehna .
  • 1871–1890 Dr. Fridrich Ferdinand Philippi from Berlin.
  • 1891–1931 Adolph Julius Gaston Piper, 1881 rector in Marlow.
  • 1931–1953 Walter Meyer, went to Hanover.
  • 1954–1959 Ingmar Timm.
  • 1959–1969 Gerd Robatzek.
  • 1969–1982 Joachim Lankow.
  • 1982–1997 Hans-Joachim Schwarz.
  • 1997–2010 Manfred Harloff from Proseken.
  • 2011– 0000Anna Hala

Parish

The Evangelical Lutheran parish Proseken - Hohenkirchen includes the districts of Alt Jassenitz, Beckerwitz, Eggerstorf, Flienstorf, Gägelow, Gramkow, Groß Walmstorf, Groß Wolterstorf, Hohen Wieschendorf, Hohenkirchen with church, Hoikendorf, Klein Woltersdorf, Landstorf, Manderow, Neu Jassenitz, Neu Weitendorf, Niendorf, Proseken with church , Stofferstorf, Voßkuhl, Wahrstorf, Weitendorf, Wisch, Wohlenberg, Wohlenhagen, Wolde and Zierow. Hohenkirchen has been associated with the Proseken parish since 1999, was declared a dormant pastor's office and merged with the Proseken parish in 2002 ; since 2012 it has been part of the Wismar Provostry .

literature

  • Friedrich Schlie : The art and history monuments of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Volume II: The district court districts of Wismar, Grevesmühlen, Rehna, Gadebusch and Schwerin. Schwerin 1898, (reprint 1992), ISBN 3-910179-06-1 , pp. 322-318.
  • Horst Ende : Village church in Mecklenburg. Berlin 1975, pp. 80, 83, 137-138.
  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Munich, Berlin 2016. ISBN 978-3-422-03128-9 , pp. 245–246.
  • ZEBI eV, START eV: Village and town churches in the parish of Wismar / Schwerin . Bremen, Rostock 2001, ISBN 3-86108-753-7 .
  • Horst Ende, Christian Molzen, Horst Stutz: Hohenkirchen. In: Kirchen in Nordwestmecklenburg , Grevesmühlen 2005, pp. 50–51.
  • Beatrix Dräger: Hohenkirchen, district northwest Mecklenburg, church, organ. In: KulturERBE ​​in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania. Schwerin 2007, ISBN 978-3-935770-17-0 , pp. 136-137.
  • Frank Hösel: Hohenkirchen, district northwest Mecklenburg, church, triumphal cross. In: KulturERBE ​​in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania. Schwerin 2007, ISBN 978-3-935770-17-0 , pp. 137-138.
  • Paul-Martin Romberg: The early Romanesque baptism of the Wends and Obotrites. Alt Meteln 2015, pp. 27, 81–82.
  • Tilo Schöfbeck: Medieval churches between Trave and Peene. Berlin 2014, ISBN 978-3-86732-131-0 , pp. 45, 363.

swell

Printed sources

Unprinted sources

  • State Main Archive Schwerin (LHAS)
    • LHAS 4.12-3 / 1 Mecklenburgisch-Schwerin Ministry of the Interior
    • LHAS 5.12-7 / 1 Mecklenburg-Schwerin Ministry for Education, Art, Spiritual and Medical Matters No. 7632 Employment income of the parish in Hohenkirchen 1906–1920. No. 8022 Retirement of the clergy in the Hohenkirchen parish in 1903. 1912, 1913.
    • LHAS 5.12-9 / 7 District Office Schönberg , No. 2853 Buildings and repairs to religious buildings in Hohenkirchen 1920–1937. No. 2854 Reconstruction of burned-down religious buildings in Hohenkirchen 1893, 1931–1934.
  • State Church Archives Schwerin (LKAS)
    • LKAS, OKR Schwerin, Specialia Dept. 2, No. 285 Hohenkirchen
    • LKAS, OKR Schwerin, Hohenkirchen parish archive, ecclesiastical buildings, also building protocols No. 038-047, 1830-1931.
    • LKAS, OKR Schwerin, architectural drawings and plans of church buildings, January 11, 2001, 15/4 Hohenkirchen, four maps and cracks with floor plan of the church in Hohenkirchen with the new choirs 1841, August 14, 1945 Adolf Friedrich Lorenz .
  • Archive of the Hanseatic City of Wismar
    • Council files No. 5509, inventories, 1662 estate inventory Pastor Zacharias Maenek

Web links

Commons : Dorfkirche Hohenkirchen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ MUB II. (1864) No. 859
  2. ^ Arndt Uhlig: Church in operation again, a medieval church heated by a heat pump? In: Monument protection and preservation. 2011, p. 46.
  3. ^ Horst Ende: Hohenkirchen. 2005, p. 51.
  4. ↑ Gustav Willgeroth: Sup. Wismar, prepos. Grevesmühlen, Pf. Hohenkirchen. 1925, p. 1199.
  5. ^ Friedrich Schlie: The church village Hohenkirchen. 1898, p. 317.
  6. ^ Frank Hösel: In: Cultural heritage in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania. Hohenkirchen, triumphal cross. Volume 2, Schwerin 2007, pp. 137-138.
  7. ↑ Mecklenburgisches Orgelmuseum organ inventory
  8. ↑ Beatrix Dräger: Hohenkirchen, district northwest Mecklenburg, church, organ. 2007, pp. 136-137.
  9. ↑ Beatrix Dräger: Hohenkirchen, district northwest Mecklenburg, church, organ. 2007, pp. 136-137.
  10. ↑ Beatrix Dräger: Hohenkirchen, district northwest Mecklenburg, church, organ. 2007, pp. 136-137.
  11. ^ Friedrich Schlie: The church village Hohenkirchen. 1898, p. 316.
  12. ^ Paul-Martin Romberg: Hohenkirchen near Grevesmühlen. 2015, p. 81.
  13. ^ Friedrich Schlie: The church village Hohenkirchen. 1898, p. 317.
  14. ^ Friedrich Schlie: The church village Hohenkirchen. 1898, p. 318.
  15. ^ Georg Christian Friedrich Lisch : About the big bell in Hohenkirchen MJB 23 (1858) pp. 356–357.
  16. ↑ Gustav Willgeroth: Sup. Wismar, prep. Grevesmühlen, Pf. Hohenkirchen. 1925, p. 1201.
  17. ↑ Gustav Willgeroth : The Mecklenburg-Schwerin Parishes since the Thirty Years' War. Volume III. Wismar 1925.
  18. ^ Friedrich Schlie: The church village Hohenkirchen. 1898, pp. 312-318.
  19. ^ Friedrich Schlie: Das Kirchdorf Hohenkirchen: 1898. P. 313.
  20. ^ Friedrich Schlie: The church village Hohenkirchen. 1898, p. 313.
  21. ^ Friedrich Lisch: Directory of the first Protestant preachers in the Grevesmühlen district. MJB XII. (1841) pp. 170-171.
  22. ^ LKAS, OKR Schwerin, Personalia and Exams, E 052.
  23. ↑ LKAS, OKR Schwerin, Personalia and Examina, p. 364.
  24. ^ LKAS, OKR Schwerin, Personalia and Examina, P 054.

Coordinates: 53 ° 55 ′ 8.7 "  N , 11 ° 18 ′ 16.7"  E