Felda (Werra)
The Felda is a 42.2 km long, southern and orographically left tributary of the Werra in southwest Thuringia . The river, which runs from south to north, is the most important inner river of the Rhön along with the western parallel Ulster and the even westerly Haune , the valley of which separates the Vorderrhön in the east from the Auersberger Kuppenrhön in the west (see section Natural areas ).
course
The main source of the Felda lies immediately south of Erbenhausen am Bergsattel between the Stellberg ( 662.3 m ) in the south and the Alten Mark ( 675.7 m ) in the north at an altitude of about 510 m ; The Herpf rises in the eastern neighborhood . A left source stream, called Rodgraben , rises at an altitude of about 676 m on the eastern slope of the Ellenbogen ( 813 m ) and passes the village of Reichenhausen immediately above the confluence .
After a route along the federal road 285 through Kaltensundheim , Kaltennordheim , Fischbach / Rhön , Diedorf , Neidhartshausen and Dermbach to Hartschimmern and further along the state road 1022 via Weilar , Stadtlengsfeld , Menzengraben and Dietlas , the Felda flows into the Dorndorf at 225.1 m above sea level Weser source river Werra coming from the east .
The route of the former Feldabahn follows its eponymous river between Kaltennordheim and Dorndorf and crosses it several times.
Catchment area and tributaries
The Feldatal is a valley basin that separates two partial landscapes of the Kuppenrhön, the Vordere Rhön in the east and the Auersberger Kuppenrhön in the west. The orography is accordingly more herringbone than fan-shaped. The Feldatal is also designated as a single natural area.
The catchment area of the Felda is 216.7 km². Its tributaries include (viewed downstream):
| Surname | page | Length (km) |
EZG (km²) |
Estuary ( m above sea level ) |
Localities, mouths |
DGKZ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Left source brook v. Reichenhausen | Left | 3.2 | 487 | Reichenhausen | 4138-1? 1 | |
| Grimmelbach | right | 4.4 | 448 | under the Kaltensundheims | 4138-1? 2 | |
| Lotte | Left | 8.3 | 21.5 | 448 | Kaltenwestheim , Mitteldorf | 4138-2 |
| Ziegelbach ( Goldbach ) | right | 7.1 | 12.7 | 436 | Kaltenlengsfeld , Kaltennordheim | 4138-4 |
| Fischbach | right | 2.6 | 410 | Fischbach | 4138-5? 1 | |
| Dirleser water | right | 1.7 | 398 | Oberh. Diedorfs | 4138-5? 2 | |
| Klingbach | Left | 3.7 | 393 | Klings , Diedorf | 4138-5? 3 | |
| Schmerbach | Left | 6.8 | 16.5 | 375 | Andenhausen , Zella / Rhön , Neidhartshausen | 4138-6 |
| Dermbach ( White Born ) | Left | 4.7 | 6.3 | 327 | Dermbach | 4138-7? 1 |
| Albabach | Left | 4.9 | 313 | Oberalba , Unteralba , hard shrinkage | 4138-7? 2 | |
| Wiesenthalbach | right | 9.4 | 34.4 | 295 | Wiesenthal , Urnshausen , Oberh. Weilars | 4138-8 |
| Fischbach | Left | 3.3 | 275 | Oberh. Stadtlengsfelds | 4138-9? |
Tributaries of higher order
The main second-order tributaries are:
- (Lotte)
- Lahrbach (right, 2.6 km; Kaltenwestheim -Mittelsdorf )
- (Schmerbach)
- Steinbach (left, 5.0 km; Brunnhartshausen , Zella / Rhön )
- (Wiesenthalbach)
- Werdenhäuser Wasser (right, 3.0 km; Wiesenthal )
- Edelbach (right, 3.1 km; Friedrichshof, under the Wiesenthals )
- Froschbach (right, 4.0 km; Bernshausen , Unterh. Urnshausens )
- Schönseebach (right, 3.0 km)
The Steinbach drains almost half of the catchment area of the Schmerbach, while all other secondary streams listed here are of minor hydrological importance.
Natural spaces
The Felda valley, which is framed in red sandstone, is of particular natural significance for the structure of the Kuppenrhön and the Salzunger Werrabergland to the north and east .
The Middle Feldatal from Fischbach (sometimes also from Kaltennordheim on) to the crossing of the Baier - Pleß threshold at Urnshausen - Hartschrecken below Dermbach is a natural spatial unit of the Vorder and Kuppenrhön and separates the up to 751 m high Vorderrhön in the east from the to 757 m high Auersberger Kuppenrhön in the west.
The Lower Feldatal to Dorndorf , on the other hand, is a sub-natural area of the Stadtlengsfeld hill country, which is built entirely on red sandstone .
Flora and fauna
In the fish population, brown trout predominate in the upper course and grayling in the middle and lower course .
Power generation
The Felda is traditionally used to generate energy. Weir systems with currently used hydropower systems are among others. a. in Dermbach, Weilar, Dietlas and Dorndorf. In the course of a model project for the implementation of the European Water Framework Directive, unused weirs were dismantled by the Free State of Thuringia (e.g. in Stadtlengsfeld) or made ecologically consistent (e.g. in Weilar and Dorndorf) between 2004 and 2008.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
- ↑ a b c d Measurement of the geopath (kmz, 38 kB) results in 42.2 km and falsifies the statement of the State Institute for Environment and Geology of 38.8 km. All tributary lengths also come from the geopath.
- ↑ a b c d Thuringian State Agency for the Environment (ed.): Area and water code index and map. Jena 1998; 26 pp.
- ^ Deutsches Gewässerkundliches Jahrbuch Weser-Ems 2014. Lower Saxony State Agency for Water Management, Coastal and Nature Conservation, p. 115, accessed on October 4, 2017 (PDF, German, 8805 kB).
- ↑ TLUG Jena, longitudinal section of the Felda
- ↑ German Association for Water Management, Sewage and Waste e. V. (DWA), circular 33, October 2008
Web links
- Map / aerial photo of the Felda river system