Ferdinand Amelin
Ferdinand Amelin (also Amerling, * 1868 in Kaisersteinbruch , western Hungary , today Burgenland , † 1947 in Vienna ) ran the Austro-Hungarian quarry and stonemason company Amelin with his brother Josef .
The name Amerling is entered in the registers of the parish of Schottenfeld in the Viennese district of Neubau ; a relationship with the painter Friedrich von Amerling is to be regarded as certain.
Life
Ferdinand was born as the son of the master stonemason Joseph Amelin and Anna Krukenfellner, daughter of the master stonemason Ferdinand Krukenfellner . His father Joseph Amelin was a judge from 1873–1890. The grandfather, master stonemason Johann Amerling came from Vienna , Schottenfeld, married in Kaisersteinbruch in 1830 and became the founder of an important stonemason family in the Leithagebirge .
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Quarries of the Amelin family
The brothers Josef and Ferdinand Amelin ran the stonemasonry together, with Josef taking care of the quarries and the staff, while Ferdinand took care of the business and financial matters. They leased the broken house , north and south wall divided between the brothers, the blue (gravel) and white break , as well as the chapel break . Gustav Scharmer (1897–1991) reports from his childhood: As a boy I saw for myself how 5 meter deep holes were drilled into the rock in the Amelin chapel, Mr. Amelin initiated the blast and a block the size of a house came loose. Like the ants, the "scratchers" came from all sides and hammered grooves in precisely defined paths . That went on all day. Then steel plates were attached as wedges and the block was broken up into the desired parts. The other preparatory work was done by the scribers, only the completion by the stonemasons .
House break
House break
Amelin break
Blue break
Some documented orders
Stone transport, a recorded episode
The blocks were stored in a place in front of the quarry and brought to Vienna by horse-drawn carts , drawn by 6 to 8 horses . On the way home (empty), the coachmen usually stopped at an inn in Schwechat . It happened that the coachmen sat too long and the horses drove to Kaisersteinbruch alone and stopped in front of the house. Of course it was already night.
Grandfather, who had little sleep because of his gout , heard the wagon arrive and waited for the drivers to unhitch the horses and bring them to the stable. After a long time he could still hear the horses scratching and panting. He then woke another driver to see what was going on. The coachman who was “missing” in Schwechat was then no longer allowed to drive for the Amelin company.
marriage
Ferdinand Amelin, master stonemason and house owner in the quarry, married Anna Dietrich on July 10, 1892, daughter of Anton Dietrich, who immigrated from Měšice in Bohemia , a manorial hunter to the royal court, and Elisabeth, née Koch.
The monastery announces the quarries October 3, 1910
In a letter to the chancellery of the Heiligenkreuz Abbey, the Amelin brothers, as a long-term tenant family, who did not owe anything in any way, and who always paid the rent, complained that they were simply terminated . That this termination is not in accordance with the practice in such cases and therefore cannot be accepted. The Amelin family worked here on this site for 62 years, and as a result, they cannot remove various buildings within the given period of January 1, 1912 .
All these conditions were set by the administrator of the royal court, Father Rudolf Rath, as the abbot's representative. Written documents, especially by this administrator, show the strong alienation of the rule of the royal court and his quarry ownership, only very reluctantly called "Kaiser-Steinbruch". This led to the "overnight sale" to the kk military arar .
Kaisersteinbrucher stonemasonry
As the successor to the master stonemason Ferdinand Krukenfellner, he became a judge in 1913, and his brother Josef took over in 1921/22. His fellow masters in these years were Josef Amelin, Alexander Krukenfellner, Eduard Richter, Carl Teuschl, Carl Winkler, Franz Winkler.
Audience with the Austro-Hungarian War Minister on February 13, 1913
The community representative takes note of the favorable promise of the Austro-Hungarian War Minister Alexander von Krobatin with gratitude and unanimously decides that the community will lease the property complex and pass it on to the local residents in sub-lease with similar price and conditions ... Local judge Ferdinand Amelin.
Leithasand and gravel extraction
Contract on 23 February 1913, the municipality Czászárköbánya with kukHeeresverwaltung, the purpose of propagation and increase the community income the sand - and gravel extraction from the new Leitha channel takes on lease. Judge Ferdinand Amelin.
Construction of a prisoner of war camp in Kaisersteinbruch 1916
The highest military experts came to the decision to set up a camp right next to the village of Kaisersteinbruch. The Viennese construction company Janisch & Schnell was commissioned with the construction. At the lower end of the village on the left side of the street, eight wooden barracks were placed , which were used to accommodate 2,000 to 3,000 prisoners of war. These prisoners of war were used to produce ballast in the Blauer Bruch , then to extract substructures in the cavern quarry , to extract concrete ballast from the Leitha, and to help with the actual building of the barracks.
Expropriation of the land
Another camp, “Camp I”, was then built at the lower end of the village on the right-hand side of the road, consisting of 30 barracks for crew camps and 16 barracks for officers' camp. The municipality did not want to forego the water rights it was entitled to , and the owners of the “Edelgarten properties” did not want to give them up either. Even when the military threatened the evacuation of the entire community, the landowners stood by their "no" so that the land was eventually expropriated.
Stand right over Kaisersteinbruch
Josef Wolf reported in “Heldenkampf für Burgenland” and “ Standrecht über Kaisersteinbruch”. In the peace treaty of Saint Germain , the German West Hungary strip was awarded to Austria. The leader of the militants , Commander Ivan Héjjas , occupied Kaisersteinbruch, there was fighting, Héjjas imposed martial law.
Claim for damages 1921
About the damage caused by the Hungarian irregulars from October 14 to November 4, 1921 at Ferdinand Amelin's. Forced removal and deportation by the rioters of weapons , forcible requisition of food, such as milk, wheat flour, bread, of specified loads and crop failure due to late cultivation. Total height 10,522,000 kr.
Memorandum of January 25, 1923
We ask a commission to inspect this miserable community in order to be able to convince yourself of the correctness of the following information (in extracts). In 1912 the Heiligenkreuz Abbey sold the entire property to the military army. After the overthrow in 1918, the Royal Hungarian State Railways temporarily took over management of the estate. The Ministry of the Army took over the estate in 1921. At first only Possible and Erfüllbares was required of us, at one stroke called for the army administration the 37,000 times the prescribed 1913 rent review. Since the community, i.e. the down-to-earth residents , do not have the right to terminate the fields leased for a period of six years , they are just as free of rights with the contract as they are without it. The Dürrholz collect, as well as the forest transition to leaf litter collecting for their cattle , the poorer residents has been set entirely ...
Despite the current complete standstill of construction activity, almost all the quarries are out of order, the army administration is currently demanding an prohibitively high rent from the tenants, who are the third generation of the respective landlords as quarry tenants. The break is canceled or 43,000 times the previous break rent is paid. Under such circumstances, every possibility of existence is excluded, here a down-to-earth Burgenland community is being deprived of its existence ... It was not a little that we had to endure through the presence of the Hungarian irregulars ... Written in pencil by Ferdinand Amelin.
By car to Kaisersteinbruch in 1926
One must not forget that the Burgenland horses , the automobile is still virtually unknown, they say before the car or the motorcycle begin to shy away from powerful, non-hazardous in most cases for the motorist or motor cyclists appearance.
A first-class preserved road leads from Favoritenstrasse in Vienna to Himberg . Initially covered with very good granite paving , it is then even concreted in order to then degenerate into a macadam street of the worst quality. The stretch to Grammat-Neusiedl is pretty bad, as is the continuation to the picturesque Reisenberg , but then the road becomes noticeably better, to Mannersdorf from where a relatively good road over Sommerein to Kaisersteinbruch, an ancient, architecturally beautiful one Stone buildings leading to striking villages.
Kaisersteinbruch can easily compete with the famous, beautiful villages of the Wachau in terms of intimate, picturesque immersion. Of course, a lot has changed since the annexation to Austria; Most of the thatched roofs have already disappeared and have to make way for the cheap, durable, but sober Eternit slate . The double-towered church and the huge quarries behind the village are interesting.
Wanting to reach Kaisersteinbruch from another side, for example via the Brucker Reichsstraße and via Trautmannsdorf or Wilfleinsdorf , is not advisable because of the desperately poor quality of these roads. From Kaisersteinbruch, a road built by prisoners during the war and not shown on any map leads across the Leithagebirge to the Reichsstraße, which runs along the west bank of Lake Neusiedl, which is beautiful and broad, but has an almost unbelievable surface quality. One progresses slowly and with great caution. This bad road is to blame for the fact that the picturesque Purbach is almost inaccessible by car. You've had enough when you've got to Breitenbrunn .
Detention camp 1934
In 1934 captured socialists moved into the barracks , and the camp became one of the eyesores of Austrofascism that no democratic protestation can wash away. At that time, the Burgenland socialists got to know the small town of Kaisersteinbruch.
Archival material
- Vienna City and State Archives : Steinmetzakten .
- Heiligenkreuz Abbey archive: church books, registers, lease agreements .
- General administrative archive : files of the City Expansion Fund
- Provincial archives Burgenland : Johann Wimmer , teacher in Kaisersteinbruch: Memorial book of the community Kaisersteinbruch , 1895. (handwritten copy)
literature
- Helmuth Furch : In: Communications of the Museum and Culture Association Kaisersteinbruch ISBN 978-3-9504555-3-3 .
- The Amelin Family , No. 46, 1997.
Web links
- Historical lexicon Kaisersteinbruch. Volume 1 A-H. PDF. Index: Amelin Brothers, Ferdinand, Johann, Josef, Joseph, Otto, Wilhelm
- Historical lexicon Kaisersteinbruch. Volume 2 I-Z. PDF.
Individual evidence
- ^ Franz Schaffer : Geological Guide for Excursions in the Inner Alpine Vienna Basin , Part II. Berlin 1908.
- ↑ Contemporary witness Gustav Scharmer reports in 1990 for the “ Chronik ”: Helmuth Furch (Ed.): 400 years of Kaisersteinbruch, 1590–1990, extracts ISBN 978-3-9504555-1-9
- ↑ Hans Amelin, grandson, from Mannersdorf am Leithagebirge , from family memories
- ↑ Josef Wolf, Mayor: The history of the community Kaisersteinbruch . Reprint of the communications of the Kaisersteinbruch Museum and Culture Association, No. 43, August 1996.
- ↑ Josef Wolf: Heldenkampf for Burgenland and martial law over Kaisersteinbruch , typewritten copy, handed over to the Museum Kaisersteinbruch by Albine Hummel, the author's daughter . Published in: Helmuth Furch (Ed.): From Heiligenkreuzer Steinbruch to Kaisersteinbruch, 1981. ISBN 978-3-9504555-0-2 .
- ↑ Allgemeine Auto-Zeitung 1926
- ↑ Burgenländische Freiheit BF from August 23, 1953 Reportage: A village accuses us of being in Kaisersteinbruch .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Amelin, Ferdinand |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Amerling, Ferdinand |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austro-Hungarian stonemason of historicism, judge in Kaisersteinbruch |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1868 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Kaisersteinbruch |
| DATE OF DEATH | 1947 |
| Place of death | Vienna |