Bruck an der Leitha

This article deals with the city of Bruck an der Leitha, for the district of the same name see District Bruck an der Leitha .

Borough Bruck an der Leitha
coat of arms	Austria map
Basic data
Country:	Austria
State :	Lower Austria
Political District :	Bruck an der Leitha
License plate :	BL
Surface:	23.68 km²
Coordinates :	48 ° 2 '  N , 16 ° 47'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 1 '32 "  N , 16 ° 46' 44"  E
Height :	156  m above sea level A.
Residents :	8,036 (January 1, 2020)
Population density :	339 inhabitants per km²
Postal code :	2460
Area code :	0 21 62
Community code :	3 07 04
Address of the municipal administration:	Hauptplatz 16 2460 Bruck an der Leitha
Website:	www.bruckleitha.at
politics
Mayor :	Gerhard Weil ( SPÖ )
Municipal Council : ( 2020 ) (33 members)	20th 8th 2 2 1 20th 8th 2 2 1  A total of 33 seats SPÖ : 20 ÖVP : 8 LBW : 2 GREEN : 2 FPÖ : 1
Location of Bruck an der Leitha in the Bruck an der Leitha district
Town hall on the main square
Source: Municipal data from Statistics Austria

Bruck an der Leitha ( Hungarian Lajtabruck , Slovak and Czech Most nad Litavou ) is an Austrian town with 8036 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2020) on the Leitha in the Bruck an der Leitha district in Lower Austria . Bruck an der Leitha is also the seat of the district administration of the district of the same name.

geography

Geographical location

Bruck an der Leitha is located on the Leitha River , on the edge of the Leithagebirge , just a few kilometers north of Lake Neusiedl and on the border with Burgenland and near Vienna .

Community structure

structure Cadastral communities Locations in the municipality Bruck an der Leitha (14.86 km²) Prugg Castle (0.72 km²) Wilfleinsdorf (8.11 km²)  Bruck an der Leitha (St)  Wilfleinsdorf (D)  Wilfleinsdorf train station (Sdlg) Legend

The municipality includes two localities (residents as of January 1, 2020):

• Bruck an der Leitha (6881)
• Wilfleinsdorf (1155)

Incorporations

In 1971 Wilfleinsdorf was incorporated.

Neighboring communities

Trautmannsdorf on the Leitha	Göttlesbrunn-Arbesthal Höflein	Rohrau
Trautmannsdorf on the Leitha
Summer ∗	Bruckneudorf ( District Neusiedl aS , Bgld. )	Parndorf ( district Neusiedl aS , Bgld. )

^∗ Sommerein borders on approx. 100 m

history

middle Ages

Around 800 AD, Charlemagne was able to largely drive out the majority of the Avars from what is now eastern Lower Austria . As a result, the area was populated by Franconian and Bavarian emigrants. At this time, the first settlements emerged in what is now the "old town". In 976 Luitpold (Leopold) from the Babenberg family was enfeoffed with this mark . The Leitha therefore already formed the border between the then named Ostarrîchi (Austria) and Hungary. Under the protection of a castle in the north - which stands in what is now the area of ​​Schloss Prugg - the settlement area expanded rapidly. In 1074, Bruck an der Leitha was first mentioned in a document as Aschirichesprucca . In 1239 (? ) The city ​​was granted city rights under Leopold IV, the Glorious († 1230) . From 1276 on, King Rudolf I granted the city a fixed share of the toll income.

Belonging to the Habsburg Duchy of Austria , Bruck was in the context of the wars between the Hungarian King Matthias Corvinus and Friedrich III. Conquered in 1484 by the Hungarian general István Dávidházy († 1484). During the campaign against Hungary in 1490, Maximilian I was able to recapture the city by imprisoning the Hungarian commanders from citizens of Bruck.

Modern times

The city survived the campaign of the Ottoman Empire under Sultan Suleyman I in 1529 , but suffered heavy losses. As a border town, Bruck also suffered from the later campaigns (today called the Turkish siege ).

Bruck an der Leitha around 1873 ( recording sheet of the regional survey)

In 1546 Count Leonhard IV von Harrach acquired the rule of Bruck an der Leitha. From this point on, the city lived under this noble family until the 19th century . After the second great Turkish siege in 1683, the inhabitants of the city built the Trinity Column (also known as the Plague Column ) on the main square in 1694 as a thank you for the victory against the Ottomans and as a memorial against the plague .

In the same year the construction of the baroque church began (construction until 1702; a later extension did not end until 1738). The current church tower used to be a simple city tower, which was used to warn of approaching enemies, fires within the city or other dangers. Aloys Thomas Graf Harrach had the castle in the north of the city expanded from 1707 to 1711 by Johann Lukas von Hildebrandt into the Baroque Prugg Castle, which is still in use today .

Crafts of stonemasons and bricklayers in the quarter town of Bruck an der Leitha

The quarter drawer of the stonemasonry and bricklaying trade from Bruck an der Leitha (as well as from Kaisersteinbruch , Eisenstadt , Pottendorf ) was assigned to the Wiener Neustädter main drawer. The Zechbuch with cash receipts and expenses proves this emphatically, as well as the temporal existence. An example:

Reception, June 4, 1671, a respectable handicraft fell on invoices from Khayser Steinbruch , Pruckh an der Leytha and Eysenstatt . . 15 guilders 3  cruisers .

Issues, May 22, 1678 for expenses, so in the visit to the quarter store Prugg an der Leytta and Kayl. Stainbruch rose. . 8 guilders 17 kreuzers.

In the Brucker Zechbuch you can also find information about Kaisersteinbrucher and Sommereiner masters, especially the Kru (c) kenfellner family. The Sommereiner masters were assigned to the Kaisersteinbruch handicraft until 1781 . From October 7th, 1781 these masters were incorporated into the ark of the Bruck craftsmen by the highest orders.

Brucker warehouse

Brucker Lager (around 1900)

In 1863 the Imperial and Royal War Ministry decided to set up a tent camp for six brigades on the meadows between Pachfurth and Rohrau from May to October . The soldiers housed there often had the opportunity to visit the nearby town of Bruck during these months. The people of Bruck were very impressed by the large number of these visitors, especially business people and innkeepers quickly recognized that this was an opportunity to win new customers and earn a lot of money. The people of Bruck noticed that a larger training camp should be set up here in the east of Austria in order to be able to provide the various units , the officers and soldiers, with shooting and combat training.

The Bruckers applied to set up this planned troop camp, and the preliminary negotiations were concluded in 1865. However, the army administration demanded to negotiate with only one interlocutor, namely the municipality of Bruck. The whole camp area was supposed to be given up in one fell swoop. The city had to negotiate with 288 individual owners, the Sappberg was a wine-growing area, and the vintners feared they would lose their livelihood. But the prices for the grounds to be bought were very high for the conditions at the time, and so the farmers were soon ready to sell. The businessmen were of course fully in favor of this project and Counts Harrach and Batthyány , who negotiated directly with the military , were also ready to sell.

The imperial approval was received on April 20, 1866, and this date can be regarded as the actual date on which the Bruck camp was established. After all points had been clarified, the purchase contract was signed on January 8, 1867.

In 1867 the Bruck camp was built, which was used as a garrison by the Bosnian-Herzegovinian military police battalion until the First World War . It lay entirely on the right bank of the Leitha on Hungarian soil, that is, on the Bruck-Hungarian side ; the later community of Bruck-Neudorf , later Királyhida , that is, Königsbrücke , did not yet exist.

First World War

The demands of the Bruck camp for more training grounds led to negotiations between the Heiligenkreuz monastery as the landowner of Kaisersteinbruch and the Königshof district with the military archer. On October 31, 1912, the sales negotiations for which Abbot Gregor Pöck was responsible came to an end and the quarry area was handed over to the Austro-Hungarian War Ministry . The monastery received 3,500,000 crowns and Styrian forest areas for this.

On this ground was in World War I , a prisoner of war camp for about 3,000 soldiers erected subsequently in Ständestaat a detention camp in the Second World War, the Stalag XVII A , with about 73,000 soldiers one of the largest camps throughout the Reich . The political community Kaisersteinbruch no longer existed.

Second World War

Tombstone

From October 1944, Hungarian Jews and forced laborers from other countries were used to work on the “ Südostwall ” in the Bruck an der Leitha construction section. The Hungarian Jews were housed in various barns located on Fischamender Strasse and “Am Stadtgut”. Another camp is said to have existed at the Heidehof in Bruckneudorf . Between December 5, 1944 and March 26, 1945, 155 Hungarian Jews died in Bruck, mainly of cold, exhaustion and malnutrition. On March 29, 1945, the evacuation of the Jewish forced laborers took place on a death march via Bad Deutsch Altenburg in the direction of the Mauthausen concentration camp .

Population development

Culture and sights

Prugg Castle

Parish church of Bruck an der Leitha

Synagogue Bruck an der Leitha

Hungarian tower of the city fortifications, city museum

See also:  List of listed objects in Bruck an der Leitha

• Catholic parish church Bruck an der Leitha Hll. Trinity: The church was built from 1696 to 1702 including the city tower. This is medieval up to the sound level (around 1230). The circular walkway was built in the 16th century and the baroque bell storey around 1740. The unadorned front was also rebuilt during this period (1738–1740). Among other things, it was structured with an entablature separating storeys, a gable-crowned upper storey and a three-axis central projection. In addition, 6 arched niches for stone statues were built in.
• Synagogue Bruck an der Leitha
• Prugg Castle
• Fountain: Count Harrach commissioned court stone mason Antonius Bregno in 1640 with two fountains.
• Stately manor with grand staircase for Claudius Florimund Mercy built in 1708 by architect Johann Lucas von Hildebrandt
• District Court
• Castle
• Wall ring and weir ditch: largely preserved

theatre

• City Theatre

Museums

• Art tower in the Wiener Gasse
• Hungarian Tower Museum
• Museum castle
• Parish Museum
• Farm Museum
• Bird museum
• Fire Brigade Museum

Parks

• Harrach Park
• Bruckmühlpark
• School park

freetime and sports

• American Football Team Carnuntum Legionaries
• Basketball club UKJ WINWIN Foxes Bruck
• European Hockey Club Lions ice hockey club
• Football club ASK Bruck an der Leitha
• Football club SC Wilfleinsdorf (2nd class east)
• Athletics HSV
• Scout group Bruck an der Leitha
• Tennis club Bruck an der Leitha UTC
• Gymnastics and Sports Union Bruck an der Leitha

Economy and Infrastructure

Established businesses

The most important company today is a pet food factory owned by Mars Incorporated .

Bruck used to be one of the most important sugar factories in the eastern region alongside Tulln an der Donau and Siegendorf in Burgenland . But this was closed in the 1980s. The oil mill , which produces a large part of Austria's biodiesel, was built on the site .

There is a retail park on the A4, and shops around the main square and the pedestrian zone in the city center.

From 2003 there was a funding contract between ecoplus, the municipality of Bruck and the regional initiative Brucker Werbegemeinschaft as well as the Lower Austrian Chamber of Commerce , on which the foundation of C! TY-Bruck GmbH is based.

The Bruck an der Leitha wind farm is located in the municipality .

traffic

• Street: Bruck is located on the A4 Ostautobahn , on Budapester Straße B10.
• Train:
  • The Bruck an der Leitha station is located on the branch of the Ostbahn leading to Budapest with the ÖBB S60 S-Bahn .
  • The Wilfleinsdorf stop is also on the Ostbahn and is about one kilometer from the center of the Wilfleinsdorf district. The station served by the S60 has only two side platforms, the former station building about 200 meters away is no longer used.
• Trail: Through Bruck an der Leitha that of leads Frauenkirchen coming and to involvement in the Way of St. James Austria in Haslau-Maria Ellend predominantly in Burgenland running St. James Burgenland .

Public facilities

District Commission

• District authority Bruck an der Leitha
• District court Bruck an der Leitha. According to the Austrian judicial organization, it is subordinate to the Korneuburg Regional Court .
• District Police Command
• Tax office (Finanzamt 38: Bruck - Eisenstadt - Oberwart)

Education (selection)

• Elementary school I, main square
• Elementary school II, Fischamenderstraße
• New Middle School I (until 2011–2012 Hauptschule I), Lagerhausstraße
• New Middle School II (until 2011–2012 Hauptschule II), Raiffeisengürtel
• Special Education Center and General Special School, Hauptplatz
• Polytechnic school, Raiffeisen belt
• BG / BRG, Fischamenderstraße
• HAK / HASCH, Fischamenderstraße

politics

Municipal council

The municipal council has 33 members.

• With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria in 1990, the municipal council had the following distribution: 17 SPÖ, 14 ÖVP, and 2 Greens-BRUCK 2001.
• With the municipal elections in Lower Austria in 1995, the municipal council had the following distribution: 17 SPÖ, 11 ÖVP, 2 Greens-BRUCK 2001, 2 BA-Bruck active, and 1 FPÖ.
• With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria in 2000, the municipal council had the following distribution: 16 ÖVP, 13 SPÖ, 3 Greens, and 1 FPÖ.
• With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria in 2005 , the municipal council had the following distribution: 17 SPÖ, 14 ÖVP, and 2 Greens.
• With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria in 2010 , the municipal council had the following distribution: 18 SPÖ, 11 ÖVP, 2 Greens, and 2 FPÖ.
• With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria in 2015 , the municipal council had the following distribution: 18 SPÖ, 11 ÖVP, 2 Greens, and 2 FPÖ.
• With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria 2020 , the municipal council has the following distribution: 20 SPÖ, 8 ÖVP, 2 citizens' lists Bruck-Wilfleinsdorf, 2 Greens and 1 FPÖ.

mayor

• 1945–1947 Johann Koppensteiner (SPÖ)
• 1999–2000 Christa Vladyka (SPÖ)
• 2000-2005 Franz Perger (ÖVP)
• 2005-2009 Christa Vladyka (SPÖ)
• 2009-2018 Richard Hemmer (SPÖ)
• since 2018 Gerhard Weil (SPÖ)

coat of arms

This article or section needs to be revised: Blazon refers to the old coat of arms File: Bruck an der Leitha - Coat of arms from 2009.png - Herzi Pinki ( discussion ) 22:39, November 4th 2017 (CET)
Please help him to improve , and then remove this mark.

The current coat of arms has been in use since 2010. Blazon : "In a gold shield, a black double-headed rotnimbierter eagle, topped with a red shield, which dovetailed a golden, gequaderte city wall with rotgeöffnetem gate and has a keyed portcullis surmounted by three just such golden towers, the right and left, the middle highest, provided with a pointed roof. "

Community partnerships

• Bruckmühl in Bavaria , Germany , since September 13, 1974

Personalities

• Jakob Braun (1795–1839), first Austrian pupil for the blind
• Georg Joseph Donberger (1709–1768), composer
• CW Fernbach (1915–1967), actor
• Hans von Friebeis (1855–1923), Mayor of Vienna
• Johannes Huber (* 1946), physician and theologian
• Franz von John (1815–1876), General and Minister of War
• Josef Ernst Köpplinger (* 1964), theater director and director
• Hertha Kratzer (* 1940), writer
• Heinrich Kretschmayr (1870–1939), historian and archivist
• Michael Krickl (1883–1949), Lower Austrian native poet, school director
• Leopold Petznek (1881–1956), social democratic politician
• Karl Schneider (1918–2003), ÖVP politician
• Anton Stadler (1753–1812), clarinetist and friend of Mozart
• Johann Stadler (1755–1804), clarinetist and Anton Stadler's younger brother
• Julius Strobl (1868–1932), actor
• Georg Schmidt (1927–1990), football coach
• Rainer Windholz (* 1969), politician (SPÖ)

literature

• Laurenz Pröll: The Counter Reformation in the l.-f. City of Bruck ad L., a typical picture, according to the records of the town clerk Georg Khirmair. Vienna 1897.
• District school council Bruck an der Leitha (Ed.): Home book of the district Bruck an der Leitha . 4 volumes. Bruck an der Leitha 1951–1954.
• Josef Christelbauer: History of the city of Bruck an der Leitha. A contribution to the promotion of local history. Bruck an der Leitha 1920.
• Josef Christelbauer, Rudolf Stadlmayer: History of the city of Bruck an der Leitha. Bruck an der Leitha, Stadtgemeinde, 1983 (new edition 1986). Originally: 1920. Facsimile edition supplemented, expanded and changed by Rudolf Stadlmayer.
• Josef Grubmüller: Outstanding personalities (von Bruck an der Leitha). In: District school council Bruck an der Leitha (Ed.), Part 3, p. 423 ff.
• Karl Hammer (Ed.): BG Bruck ad Leitha, commemorative publication on the occasion of the opening of the new school building. Festschrift. Bruck an der Leitha [1965].
• Rudolf Stadlmayer: A hundred years of the Bruck school. Festschrift. Bruck an der Leitha 1974.
• Rudolf Stadlmayer: Bruck an der Leitha. 60 years of current affairs 1918–1978 . Self-published by the municipality, 1982.
• Petra Weiß: Bruck ad Leitha from 1867 to 1918 with special consideration of the Bruck camp. Diploma thesis at the University of Vienna, 1993.
• Rudolf Stadlmayer (Ed.): Bruck an der Leitha. Everyday life in Bruck in past centuries . Self-published by the municipality of Bruck an der Leitha, 1998.
• Petra Weiß: Bruck an der Leitha in '45 * 1945. End of war and occupation using the example of a small town in Lower Austria . Dissertation at the University of Vienna, 1998.
• Petra Weiß: The last months of National Socialist rule in Bruck, Leitha . Bruck an der Leitha 1999.
• Petra Weiß: Politics and everyday life in the first months of the occupation in Bruck an der Leitha . Bruck an der Leitha 2000.
• Petra Weiß, Johanna Wallnegger, Ilse Hübner: 100 years of the Bruck an der Leitha public library. 1901-2001. City library of the city of Bruck an der Leitha, 2001.
• Petra Weiß, a city experienced history. City chronicle 1910-1970. Edited by the municipality of Bruck an der Leitha
• Petra Weiß, A city on the way into the new millennium 1971-2010. Edited by the municipality of Bruck an der Leitha
• Petra Weiß, 150 years of Brucker Lager - TÜPl Bruckneudorf. A story in pictures. Edited by the municipality of Bruck an der Leitha
• Petra Weiß, search for traces. A memory of Jewish families in Bruck and Bruckneudorf. Edited by the municipality of Bruck an der Leitha 2018
• Hertha Schuster: Festschrift Volksschule Hauptplatz 2001 . Edited by the municipality of Bruck an der Leitha, 2001.
• Johanna Wallnegger, Petra Weiß: 100 Years of the Bruck City Theater 1904 to 2004, self-published by the Bruck an der Leitha Culture and Museum Association, 2004.
• Irmtraut Karlsson, Petra Weiß: The dead of Bruck - documents tell history . Kral-Verlag, Berndorf 2008, ISBN 978-3-902447-43-2 .

Web links

Commons : Bruck an der Leitha  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikisource: Bruck an der Leitha in the Topographia Austriacarum (Mathäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

Wiktionary: Bruck an der Leitha  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

• Austrian city atlas, sheet Bruck an der Leitha
• Data and pictures of the preserved city fortifications

• 30704 - Bruck an der Leitha. Community data, Statistics Austria .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Statistics Austria: Population on January 1st, 2020 by locality (area status on January 1st, 2020) , ( CSV )
2. ↑ Statistics Austria: dissolutions or associations of municipalities from 1945
3. ↑ Heinrich Gottfried Gengler: Regesten and documents on the constitutional and legal history of German cities in the Middle Ages. Erlangen 1863, pp. 407-408.
4. ↑ City archive Bruck an der Leitha: Protocol and master book of an honorable craft of the stonemasons and bricklayers quarter store Bruck an der Leitha - anno 1749
5. ^ City Archives Wiener Neustadt : The common stone masons and masons in the Neustadt Zechbuch. Starting in the year 1617 to 1781
6. ↑ Helmuth Furch : The Krukenfellner Family , in: Communications of the Museum and Culture Association Kaisersteinbruch , No. 51, 1999. ISBN 978-3-9504555-3-3 .
7. ^ Josef Christelbauer, Rudolf Stadlmayer: History of the city of Bruck an der Leitha. 1983, History of the origins of the Bruck camp , p. 167.
8. ^ Vienna War Archives : 1912 sale of the royal court to the military archer .
9. ^ Helmuth Furch: Historisches Lexikon Kaisersteinbruch, prisoner of war camp Kaisersteinbruch. 2004, pp. 379-394.
10. ↑ Petra Weiß, Irmtraut Karlsson: Die Toten von Bruck. Documents tell a story. KRAL-Verlag, Berndorf 2008.
11. ↑ C! TY-Bruck GmbH (accessed on November 22nd)
12. ^ Election results for the 2015 municipal council elections in Bruck an der Leitha. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, December 1, 2015, accessed on April 27, 2019 . 
13. ↑ Results of the municipal council election 2020 in Bruck an der Leitha. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, January 26, 2020, accessed on January 26, 2020 . 
14. ↑ Franz Perger celebrated his seventies on mein district.at, January 11, 2018
15. ↑ Hemmer: “Would do it again anytime” gemeindebund.at, August 13, 2018