Chico Buarque

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Chico Buarque in Porto Alegre (2007)
Chico Buarque sings on TV Rio, 1967 ( National Archives of Brazil )
Tom Jobim and Chico Buarque 1968 at the Festival Internacional da Canção Popular (FIC), 1968.
The song Mulheres de Atenas was censored by the "Serviço de Censura de Diversões Públicas" in 1976. This song by Chico Buarque and Augusto Boal was part of the play " Lisa, a mulher libertadora ", an adaptation of the Greek comedy Lysistrata from 411 BC. By Aristophanes . In the play, women force their husbands to sign a peace treaty between the Greek city-states, and as long as no peace is made, they would refuse to have sex with them.
Chico Buarque takes the “Prêmio Bravo! de Cultura ”( Grupo Abril ) in the literature category for his book“ Leite derramado ”, 2009.
Chico Buarque 2016, in the spectator gallery of the Senate during the session to vote on the verdict on the impeachment procedure (Cold Putsch) by Dilma Rousseff .

Chico Buarque , actually Francisco Buarque de Hollanda, (born June 19, 1944 in Rio de Janeiro ) is a Brazilian musician , writer and playwright. He was a political actor in the resistance during the military dictatorship in Brazil (1964–1985). Many of his songs have become popular Brazilian hymns.

life and work

Chico Buarque grew up in a left-wing intellectual and culturally interested environment. His father was the historian and sociologist Sérgio Buarque de Holanda (1902–1982), one of Brazil's leading literary critics and intellectuals, who in 1936 presented the essay “ The Roots of Brazil ”, a basic text on the Brazilian self-image. His mother, Maria Amélia Cesário Alvim (1910–2010), was a painter and pianist and one of the founders of the labor party Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT). He was the fourth of the couple's seven children, his siblings are: the singer and composer Heloísa (Miúcha), Sérgio, Álvaro, Maria do Carmo, Ana de Holanda (from 2011 to 2013 Minister of Culture in the Rousseff I cabinet ) and Cristina (also a singer and composer). One of his cousins ​​is Aurélio Buarque de Holanda Ferreira , the lexicographer responsible for the popular Brazilian-Portuguese dictionary, which is also affectionately known as "Aurélio".

In 1946 the family moved to São Paulo, where his father took over the management of the Museu do Ipiranga . In 1953 the father was invited to teach at the Sapienza - Università di Roma and the family moved to Italy , the house was frequented by intellectuals and artists, including the socially critical diplomat, composer and poet Vinicius de Moraes . Chico Buarque learned Italian and English at school and grew up trilingual. In 1960 the family returned to São Paulo and Chico Buarque attended the Colégio Santa Cruz in Alto de Pinheiros and initially studied architecture at the Universidade de São Paulo . The family home was an important meeting place for artists and writers, including friends of his sister Heloísa (stage name Miúcha ), such as Vinicius de Moraes, Baden Powell , Tom Jobim , Alaíde Costa , Oscar Castro Neves and João Gilberto , whom he used to imitate . He later said that it was his dream "to sing like João Gilberto, to compose like Tom Jobim and to poetry like Vinícius de Moraes ".

At the age of nine, Chico Buarque wrote “Marchinhas de Carnaval” (texts for carnival parades) and published his first short story at the age of 18. Chico Buarque was compared to Noel Rosa (1910-1937) and declared himself an admirer of the great Ismael Silva (1905-1978) from the start. From 1964 Chico Buarque wrote compositions and lyrics on a regular basis. In 1966 he achieved his breakthrough with the Samba A Banda and he was considered one of the most important representatives of the Música Popular Brasileira (MPB). Herb Alpert had a number one hit in the United States in 1967 with an instrumental version of the song. In 1966 Chico Buarque met the actress Marieta Severo, they married a short time later and had three daughters. The couple separated in the mid-1990s.

During the “lead time” of the military dictatorship (“Anos de chumbo” 1968–1974), Buarque used samba and bossa nova to criticize the repression. With the songs "Cálice" (composed and banned in March 1973, was only allowed to appear in 1978), "Acorda Amor", "Apesar de Você" and "Jorge Maravilha" he politicized the MPB and balanced between censorship and with the hilarity of bossa nova Protest song . The song "Apesar de Você" from 1970 developed into the anthem of resistance.

His play Roda Viva , an anarchic satire, premiered in 1968 , got him into trouble with repression. Like his fellow musicians Caetano Veloso and Gilberto Gil , who were inspired by the bossa nova and launched the anti-establishment movement Tropicália , Chico Buarque was forced to flee Brazil in 1969. He lived in exile in Italy for 18 months . Veloso and Gil fled to London. He returned to Brazil as early as 1970, although conditions had deteriorated under the military dictatorship and open criticism was now impossible and censorship dominated all areas. Under this impression, Chico Buarque recorded an album that was significantly darker than its four predecessors: Construção - a poetically encoded indictment of the military dictatorship. In 1974 he composed the iconic ode to the Carnation Revolution "Tanto mar", in Portugal the Salazarist dictatorship was over and hope grew in Brazil.

In 1978 he wrote the libretto and composed the music for the satirical singspiel Ópera do Malandro ("crooks opera", see Malandragem ), which was premiered by Luís Antônio Martinez Corrêa (1950–1987) at the Teatro Ginástico in Rio . It was cast with actors of great prestige such as Ary Fontoura, Marieta Severo, Maria Alice Vergueiro and Otávio Augusto and was a huge hit at the box office. Ópera do Malandro is an adaptation of two classics in music history : the baroque operatic revolt The Beggar's Opera (1728) by John Gay and John Christopher Pepusch and Bertolt Brechts and Kurt Weill's Threepenny Opera (1928) - in 1979 the famous double album Ópera do Malandro was released . From 1978 to 1980, Chico Buarque made many appearances to support the workers' struggles of the striking metalworkers, particularly in the ABC Paulista region , the historic center of the Brazilian automotive industry , where the future president of Brazil, Lula , was the region's chief union official . During this time he set the film República dos Assassinos (Republic of the Murderers, 1979) by Miguel Faria Jr. and the play O rei de Ramos by Dias Gomes.

In 1985 Ópera do Malandro was filmed for the cinema with great success by the film director Ruy Guerra , the soundtrack of the film was released in the same year with interpreters, alongside Chico Buarque himself, such as Ney Matogrosso , Ney Latorraca, Gal Costa , Zizi Possi, Elba Ramalho and Bebel . Chico Buarque took many of the songs composed for the Ópera do Malandro into his repertoire , including “Canção Desnaturada” - a song of great tragic density, “O Meu Amor”, “Folhetim”, “Geni eo Zepelim”, “Homenagem ao Malandro ”and“ O Malandro ”. "O Malandro" is " The Moritat of Mackie Messer ", transformed into Samba by Chico Buarque. Later that year he released the soundtrack to the play by Augusto Boal O Corsário do Rei with Edu Lobo .

Until the end of the military junta in 1984, he was committed to protecting his popularity for freedom and against disenfranchisement. And then he became involved, among other things, with the movement of the agricultural workers without land ( Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra ), to whose support he composed and recorded the songs for the Terra project by photographer Sebastião Salgado in 1997 and Portuguese Nobel Prize winner José Saramago contributed the text.

In 2018 he played the show As caravanas in the sold-out Vivo-Rio theater in the Aterro do Flamengo for a month . In the same year he and a number of other artists organized the “Lula Livre Festival” in the Lapa district , a political act in support of the liberation of the now former President Lula, who was imprisoned in southern Brazil.

Since the early 1990s, Chico Buarque has written several outstanding novels: Estorvo (1991, German The Hunted 1994), Benjamin (1995), Budapeste (2003, German 2006) and Leite derramado (2009, German poured milk 2013) Sie were all translated into several languages ​​and the three novels Estorvo (director: Ruy Guerra), Benjamin (director: Monique Gardenberg) and Budapest (director: Walter Carvalho) were adapted for the cinema and filmed. In 2016, My German Brother was published in German , in which Chico Buarque dealt with a family secret. Because before his father started a family in Brazil, as a young journalist in Berlin he had a relationship with the German Anne Ernst - and she had a son from him in 1930, whom the father tried to adopt: Sergio Günther (1930–1981) - In the 1960s and 70s he was a presenter on the GDR state radio . And his distant half-brother was also a singer - like Chico Buarque on the other side of the Atlantic.

Chico Buarque has won numerous prizes, including the 2014 Prêmio da Música Brasileira as best singer (with Wilson das Neves ). He received the Prêmio Jabuti de Literatura of the Brazilian Book Chamber three times, each for his novels Estorvo , Budapeste and Leite Derramado . In 2019, a few weeks after turning 75, Chico Buarque received the Camões Prize - the most prestigious literary prize in the Portuguese language , which is awarded annually alternately in Portugal and Brazil. The jury in Rio de Janeiro unanimously voted for him at a meeting in the National Library in Rio de Janeiro and praised the multifaceted work, consisting of song texts , poems , plays and novels . This is the first time a musician has won the Camões Prize. Lula congratulated him with a letter from the Curitiba prison . Chico Buarque and his partner Carol Proner, law professor at UFRJ , sent Lula a photo of the two of them making the double L gesture for Lula Livre through friends who were visiting him . Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro indicated immediately after the jury's decision was announced that he did not want to sign the certificate awarding the Prêmio Camões, which Chico Buarque described as a second honor.

Honors

Selected compositions

  • A banda
  • Apesar de você
  • As showcases
  • Brejo da Cruz
  • Bye bye, Brazil
  • Carolina
  • Construção
  • Cotidiano
  • Deus lhe pague
  • Feijoada completa
  • Funeral de around Lavrador
  • Futuros Amantes
  • Homenagem ao Malandro
  • Meu caro amigo
  • Morena de Angola
  • Mulheres de Atenas
  • Noite dos mascarados
  • Olhos nos Olhos
  • Paratodos
  • O que será? (À Flor da Pele)
  • O que será? (À Flor da Terra)
  • Quem te viu, quem te vê
  • Roda Viva
  • Sonho de um Carnaval
  • Terezinha
  • Vai levando
  • Vai passar

theatre

movie theater

  • 1972: Quando o carnaval chegar (co-writer on the script)
  • 1983: Para viver um grande amor (co-author of the script)
  • 1985: Ópera do Malandro
  • 2000: Estorvo (based on his play)
  • 2003: Benjamin (based on his book)

Books

  • 1966: A Banda (book with lyrics)
  • 1974: Fazenda Modelo. Civilização Brasileira, Rio de Janeiro.
  • 1979: Chapeuzinho Amarelo (children's book). First published in 1970, reprinted in 1979 with illustrations by Ziraldo .
  • 1981: A Bordo do Rui Barbosa. Palavra e Imagem, São Paulo.
  • 1991: Estorvo. Companhia das Letras, São Paulo.
  • 1995: Benjamim. Companhia das Letras, São Paulo, ISBN 85-7164-502-7 .
  • 2003: Budapest. Companhia das Letras, São Paulo, ISBN 85-359-0417-4 .
    • German edition: Budapest. Novel. From the Brazilian Portuguese by Karin von Schweder-Schreiner. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2006, ISBN 3-10-046330-7 .
  • 2009: Head of Derramado. Companhia das Letras, São Paulo, ISBN 978-85-359-1411-5 .
    • German edition: poured milk. Novel. From the Brazilian Portuguese by Karin von Schweder-Schreiner. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2013, ISBN 978-3-10-046331-9 .
  • 2014: O Irmão Alemão. Companhia das Letras, Rio de Janeiro, ISBN 978-85-359-2515-9 .
    • German edition: My German brother. Novel. From the Brazilian Portuguese by Karin von Schweder-Schreiner. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2016, ISBN 978-3-10-002460-2 .

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ categoria Literatura - 5º Prêmio Bravo! Prime de Cultura - 2009. In: revistabravo. Youtube, August 18, 2010, accessed May 24, 2019 .
  2. ^ Morre Maria Amélia Buarque de Hollanda, mãe de Chico Buarque , Globo, May 6, 2010
  3. ↑ Bartolomeu Buarque de Holanda, Sônia Peçacha: Buarque - uma família brasileira. Ensaio histórico-genealógico . Rio de Janeiro: Casa da Palavra, 2007, p. 214
  4. ↑ a b Jemima Hunt: The lionised king of Rio , The Guardian, July 18, 2004
  5. ↑ a b c d e Chico Buarque. In: Dicionário Cravo Albin da Música Popular Brasileira. Instituto Cultural Cravo Albin, accessed on May 24, 2019 .
  6. ^ A b Luis Nassif: Prêmio Camões: Chico Buarque ea celebração da alma nacional, por Luis Nassif. Com sua música, humanizou os pobres, os negros, as mulheres, os vulneráveis, celebrou a solidariedade, a generosidade, em uma sociedade profundamente marcada pelas chagas da escravidão. In: GGN - O Jornal de Todos os Brasis. May 22, 2019, accessed May 24, 2019 .
  7. ↑ Paulo Lins : Desde que o samba é samba. Rio de Janeiro: Companhia das Letras, 2012.
  8. ↑ Ismael Silva is not only known as "o pai do samba", as the founding father of modern samba, on August 12, 1928 he also invented the first samba school in Brazil in the Estácio district in Rio de Janeiro: Deixa Falar.
  9. ↑ Paulo Lins: "O Brasil é um país em guerra"
  10. ^ O samba dos bons malandros
  11. ↑ Calice, Gilberto Gil / Chico Buarque - 1973
  12. ↑ Marco Lemos: Brasil Camões para Chico Buarque. In: Euronews. May 22, 2019, accessed May 24, 2019 .
  13. ↑ Luís Antônio Martinez Corrêa fala sobre A Ópera do Malandro. In: Teatro Oficina Uzyna Uzona. Youtube, December 4, 2017, accessed on May 24, 2019 .
  14. ↑ Há 30 anos, era lançada a trilha sonora da "Ópera do Malandro". In: Deutsche welle. April 5, 2009, accessed May 24, 2019 .
  15. ↑ Uwe Böker, Ines Detmers, Anna-Christina Giovanopoulos (eds.): John Gay's The Beggar's Opera 1728-2004: Adaptations and Re-Writings. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2006. page 27
  16. ^ Vida. In: chicobuarque.com.br. Retrieved May 24, 2019 .
  17. ↑ The Secret of the Hips. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Sonntagszeitung from December 22, 2013, page 42.
  18. ^ Andreas Breitenstein : A Museum of Exhausted Bourgeoisie , Neue Zürcher Zeitung, November 26, 2013
  19. ^ Luiz Zanin Oricchio: Os filmes do Chico Buarque. In: Acervo Estadão. May 22, 2019, accessed May 24, 2019 .
  20. ↑ Chico Buarque Becomes First Musician to Win the Camões Prize , Folha de São Paulo , May 22, 2019
  21. ↑ Photo de Lula que viralizou é de filho de Carol Proner, namorada de Chico Buarque. In: Diario do centro do mundo. April 8, 2018, accessed May 24, 2019 .
  22. ↑ 'A Globo teve que colocar você no ar', diz Lula em carta a Chico. Ex-presidente parabenizou o músico pelo Prêmio Camões, de literatura. In: Globo. May 23, 2019, accessed May 24, 2019 .
  23. ↑ Bolsonaro not promete assinar diploma do Prémio Camões para Chico Buarque. In: Público. October 9, 2019, accessed December 11, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese).
  24. ↑ Brazilian Chico Buarque wins Camões Literature Prize
personal data
SURNAME Buarque, Chico
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Buarque de Hollanda, Francisco
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Brazilian musician and author
DATE OF BIRTH June 19, 1944
PLACE OF BIRTH Rio de Janeiro