Gambach (Munzenberg)

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Gambach
City of Munzenberg
Gambach coat of arms
Coordinates: 50 ° 27 ′ 39 ″  N , 8 ° 43 ′ 24 ″  E
Height : 166  (150-182)  m above sea level NHN
Area : 14.15 km²
Residents : 3322  (Dec. 31, 2017)
Population density : 235 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st October 1971
Postal code : 35516
Area code : 06033
View over Gambach
View over Gambach

Gambach is the largest district of Munzenberg in the Hessian Wetteraukreis .

geography

Gambach is located in the Wetterau above the weather valley .

history

prehistory

The first traces of settlement from the Stone Age point to the period 2500–2000 BC. Chr. The Limes ran west of the town . In 1950 a villa rustica was excavated. Other such systems “Im Brückfeld” were discovered in the 1990s and 2014. In 2017 it was decided that the exposed and partially reconstructed walls of the mansion of the villa should be kept visible as the "heart of a green space within" a new building area.

middle Ages

The oldest surviving mention of the place comes from the year 798. Around 1200 a separate parish was founded. At the same time the village received its own judicial district. In addition to Gambach itself, the neighboring villages of Griedel , Holzheim and Dorf-Güll belong to the Gambach office .

Modern times

In 1561 a town hall was built in the churchyard . The Reformed parish built the Gambacher Kirche as a preaching church on a cruciform floor plan between 1698 and 1703 .

As part of the regional reform in Hesse , the city of Munzenberg was incorporated into the municipality of Gambach on October 1, 1971 . The newly formed community was named Munzenberg and was allowed to continue to use the name city . Gambach became the seat of the city administration.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Gambach was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Courts since 1803

In the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt , the judicial system was reorganized in an executive order of December 9, 1803. The “Hofgericht Gießen” was set up as a court of second instance for the province of Upper Hesse . The jurisdiction of the first instance was carried out by the offices or landlords , and thus from 1806 the “Patrimonial Court of the Princes Solms-Braunfels” in Gambach and later Wölfersheim was responsible for Gambach. The court court was the second instance court for normal civil disputes, and the first instance for civil family law cases and criminal cases. The second instance for the patrimonial courts were the civil law firms. The superior court of appeal in Darmstadt was superordinate .

With the founding of the Grand Duchy of Hesse in 1806, this function was retained, while the tasks of the first instance 1821–1822 were transferred to the newly created regional and city courts as part of the separation of jurisdiction and administration. From 1822, the princes of Solms-Braunfels let the Grand Duchy of Hesse exercise their court rights on their behalf. “ Landgericht Hungen ” was therefore the name of the court of first instance that was responsible for Gambach. The prince also waived his right to the second instance, which was exercised by the law firm in Hungen. It was only as a result of the March Revolution in 1848 that the special rights of the civil servants became final with the “Law on the Relationships of Classes and Noble Court Lords” of April 15, 1848 canceled. The regional court district of Hungen had to hand over Gambach to the regional court district of Butzbach on November 1, 1848 .

On the occasion of the introduction of the Courts Constitution Act with effect from October 1, 1879, as a result of which the previous grand-ducal Hessian regional courts were replaced by local courts in the same place, while the newly created regional courts now functioned as higher courts, the name was changed to "Butzbach Local Court" and assigned to the district of the regional court of Giessen . In 2004 the Butzbach District Court was dissolved and its area of ​​responsibility was added to the Friedberg District Court . Now the superordinate instances are the regional court of Giessen , the higher regional court of Frankfurt am Main and the Federal Court of Justice as the last instance.

Population development

 Source: Historical local dictionary

  • 1961: 1760 Protestant (= 80.51%), 415 Catholic (= 18.98%) inhabitants
Gambach: Population from 1834 to 2015
year     Residents
1834
  
 1,215
1840
  
 1,303
1846
  
 1,403
1852
  
 1,468
1858
  
 1,433
1864
  
 1,417
1871
  
 1,362
1875
  
 1,388
1885
  
 1,408
1895
  
 1,399
1905
  
 1,448
1910
  
 1,456
1925
  
 1,550
1939
  
 1,592
1946
  
 2,185
1950
  
 2,260
1956
  
 2.212
1961
  
 2,186
1967
  
 2,321
1970
  
 2,396
2007
  
 3,235
2011
  
 3,225
2015
  
 3,189
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Other sources:

coat of arms

Gambach coat of arms
 Blazon : “Shield divided. Above in the golden field the growing red armored Solms lion. Below in the blue field a silver stream. "

The coat of arms was approved on January 10, 1955 by the Hessian Ministry of the Interior.

Culture and sights

Cultural monuments

See: List of cultural monuments in Gambach

Mills

There were four mills. The former Lohmühle (Obergasse) and the Pletschmühle in front of the southern outskirts, plus the two mills located in the Wettertal (Bachmühle and Waschmühle). These two are designated as independent cultural monuments .

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

Road traffic

North of the village is the Gambacher Kreuz , where the federal highways 5 and 45 intersect. The federal road 488 runs south of the village , through the village the state road 3132 to Giessen.

Bus and train

The Butzbach-Licher Railway has been connecting Gambach to the railway network since 1904. Today, however, only museum trains run by the Eisenbahnfreunde Wetterau e. V. (EFW) on the Bad Nauheim Nord – Griedel – Münzenberg route. Local public transport is provided by the Rhein-Main-Verkehrsverbund (RMV) with the bus routes FB-52 (Butzbach-Lich and back), FB-57 (Butzbach-Beienheim and back) and 377 (Gambach-Gießen and back). The operator of the lines FB-52 and FB-57 is the HLB Hessenbus GmbH , a company of the Hessische Landesbahn GmbH (HLB) , the operator of the line 377 is the Verkehrsgesellschaft Gießen .

Public facilities

In the village there is

literature

  • Horst Vetter, Magistrate of the city of Munzenberg (ed.): Heimatbuch Gambach. luwei pressure, Butzbach 1990.
  • Dieter Wolf : A map of the offices of Gambach and Langsdorf in Solms-Braunfels from 1695. In: Butzbacher Geschichts-Blätter. No. 195, 2005, pp. 185 ff.
  • Literature on Gambach in the Hessian Bibliography

Web links

Commons : Gambach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Gambach, Wetterau district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of June 8, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ a b Population figures . In: Internet presence. City of Munzenberg, archived from the original ; accessed in June 2018 . (Figures from web archive)
  3. ↑ Vera Rupp, Nicole Boenke, M. Schmid: The Roman estate "Im Brückfeld" in Munzenberg-Gambach, Wetteraukreis. Excavations and research from 1994–1998. Wiesbaden 1998 (=  Archaeological Monuments in Hesse 145 ).
  4. ^ Villa Rustica Munzenberg-Gambach
  5. ↑ Roman manor in new building area. In: FAZ . June 1, 2017, page 45.
  6. ^ Hans Voit: Local government reform in Hesse. - In: Hans D. Baumann (Hrsg.): 1200 Jahre Trais-Münzenberg, Huber, Mannheim 1990, ISBN 3-927896-08-X , here p. 165
  7. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  8. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 12 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  9. ↑ Wilhelm von der Nahmer: Handbuch des Rheinischen Particular-Rechts: Development of the territorial and constitutional relations of the German states on both banks of the Rhine: from the first beginning of the French Revolution up to the most recent times . tape 3 . Sauerländer, Frankfurt am Main 1832, OCLC 165696316 , p. 21, 438 ( online at google books ).
  10. ↑ Latest countries and ethnology. A geographical reader for all stands. Kur-Hessen, Hessen-Darmstadt and the free cities. tape  22 . Weimar 1821, p. 424 ( online at Google Books ).
  11. ^ Georg W. Wagner: Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Upper Hesse . tape 3 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt 1830, p. 135 ( online at Google Books ).
  12. ↑ Theodor Hartleben (Ed.): General German Justice, Camera and Police Fama, Part 1 . tape 2 . Johann Andreas Kranzbühler, 1832, p. 271 ( online at Google Books ).
  13. ↑ Law on the Conditions of the Class Lords and Noble Court Lords of August 7, 1848 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1848 no. 40 , p. 237–241 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 42,9 MB ]).
  14. ^ Announcement, various changes in the district division of the Laubach, Hungen, Lich and Butzbach regional courts regarding October 5, 1848 ( Hess. Reg.Bl. p. 366)
  15. ^ Ordinance on the implementation of the German Courts Constitution Act and the Introductory Act to the Courts Constitution Act of May 14, 1879 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1879 no. 15 , p. 197–211 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 17.8 MB ]).
  16. ↑ Approval of a coat of arms for the municipality of Gambach in the Friedberg district, Darmstadt district of January 10, 1955 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1955 no. 4 , p. 67 , point 69 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 3.6 MB ]).