Guzianka (Ruciane-Nida)

Guzianka
	Guzianka
Basic data
State :	Poland
Voivodeship :	Warmia-Masuria
District of:	Ruciane-Nida
Geographic location :	53 ° 40 '  N , 21 ° 34'  E Coordinates: 53 ° 39 '40 "  N , 21 ° 33' 56"  E
Residents :
Economy and Transport
Street :	Ruciane-Nida ↔ Wejsuny - Onufryjewo - Wierzba
Rail route :	Olsztyn – Ełk train station: Ruciane-Nida
Next international airport :	Danzig

Guzianka ( German  Guszianka , 1938 to 1945 Guschienen ) is a district of Ruciane-Nida (Rudczanny , 1938 to 1945 Lower Lake , as well as: Nieden) in the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship . Until the 1920s it was an independent place in the East Prussian district of Sensburg or in the Polish powiat Mrągowski , since 1957 in the powiat Piski (district of Johannisburg ).

Residential house in Guzianka

Road crossing at the Guzianka lock

Geographical location

Guzianka is located in the north of the city of Ruciane-Nida in the south-east of the Warmia-Masurian Voivodeship and connects the south-east bank of the Bełdany ( German  Beldahnsee ) with the west bank of the Guzianka Mała ( Little Guszianka Lake , 1938 to 1945 Little Guschiener See ), which is connected here the Guzianka Wielka ( Great Guszianka Lake , Great Guschien Lake ) connects. The former district town of Mrągowo ( German  Sensburg ) is 29 kilometers northwest, while the current district metropolis Pisz ( German  Johannisburg ) is 16 kilometers to the east.

history

The village, known as Guzianka after 1785 , Gusianka after 1871 and Guszianka (also: Gußianka , Guschianka ) until 1938 , was founded in 1689. It became the seat of a forestry office and a forestry department .

On April 8, 1874, the place received the rank of an official village and was named after an administrative district , which - renamed in 1938 to "District Guschienen" - existed until 1945 and to the district of Sensburg in the Gumbinnen administrative district (from 1905: Allenstein administrative district ) in the Prussian province East Prussia belonged. In 1910 the Guszianka Forest District had 185 inhabitants. In the years 1928/29 the place gave up its independence and was incorporated into the neighboring village of Rudczanny (Polish Ruciane , today a part of Ruciane-Nida ).

For political and ideological reasons of defense foreign-sounding place names Guszianka was in "Guschienen" on June 3, 1938 renamed .

The Polish form of the name "Guzianka" got the place in 1945, when he was in consequence of the war along with the entire southern East Prussia to Poland came. In 1957 he was in with Nida (Nieden) united and Pisz County belonging Gromada Ruciane (Rudczanny , 1938-1945 Niedersee) incorporated that in 1966 the city Ruciane-Nida formed.

District Guszianka / Guschienen (1874–1945)

The Guszianka district originally included five places. Despite structural changes, the Guschienen district remained at this number until January 1945:

Surname	Changed name from 1938 to 1945	Polish name	Remarks
Diebowo		Dybówko
Guszianka	Guschienen	Guzianka	1928/29 incorporated into Rudczanny
Popiellnen	(from 1928 :) Spirding	Popielno
Warnold		Warnowo	1929 incorporated into Piasken-Onufrigowen
Wigrinnen		Wygryny
after 1908:
Piaska - Onufrigowen	(from 1929 :) Rehfelde	Piaski and Onufryjewo
Rudczanny	Lower Lake	Ruciane

On January 1, 1945, Niedersee, Rehfelde, Spirding, Wigrinnen and the Johannisburger Heide estate , Sensburg, Forst, belonged to the district.

Religions

Guszianka were on the Protestant side in the branch village Rudczanny of the church Alt Ukta in the church province of East Prussia of the church of the Old Prussian Union and on the Catholic side in the church Sensburg in the diocese of Warmia .

Today Guzianka belongs to the Catholic parish Ruciane-Nida in the Diocese of Ełk of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland . The Protestant residents stick to the parish in Pisz (Johannisburg) , which maintains a branch church in Wejsuny (Weissuhnen) and belongs to the Masurian diocese of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .

Attractions

Guzianka lock

Protective bunker near Guzianka

lock

The lock in Guszianka, which is still in operation today, was built in 1879. It has a length of 44 meters, a width of 7.5 meters and overcomes a height difference of 2 meters between the Bełdany (Beldahnsee) and the Guzianka Mała (Kleiner Guszianka Lake / Kleiner Guschiener See) and secures the shipping route from Śniardwy ( German  Spirding-See ) to Jezioro Nidzkie (Lower Lake ) .

The Guzianka II lock went into operation in 2020 . The lock basin is 50 meters long and 7.50 meters wide and offers space for around ten ships. This shortens the lock times, because in the old lock the passenger ships always had priority. The cost of the lock was around 6.8 million euros, of which 3.6 million were borne by the European Union. In the 2020 season, all users on the state's inland waterways were exempt from all taxes.

bunker

Due to the advance of the Red Army , the Wehrmacht built bunkers here in 1944/45 . The above-ground protective bunker at the lock is still there today.

traffic

The Guzianka district is located on an urban arterial road that runs along the Jezioro Bełdany to Wierzba (Wiersba , 1938 to 1945 Beldahnsee) . The nearest train station is Ruciane-Nida station on the Olsztyn – Ełk railway line .

Web links

Commons : Guzianka  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Dietrich Lange, Geographisches Ortregister Ostpreußen (2005): Guschienen
2. ↑ ^{a b} Rolf Jehke, district Guszianka / Guschienen
3. ^ Uli Schubert, community register, district Sensburg
4. ↑ Lock in operation , Preußische Allgemeine Zeitung , July 30, 2020, page 13