Ruciane-Nida
| Ruciane-Nida | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Warmia-Masuria | ||
| Powiat : | Piski | ||
| Gmina : | Ruciane-Nida | ||
| Area : | 17.01 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 53 ° 38 ' N , 21 ° 32' E | ||
| Height : | 128 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 4454 (June 30, 2019) | ||
| Postal code : | 12-220 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 87 | ||
| License plate : | NPI | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | DK 58 : Olsztynek - Szczytno ↔ Pisz - Szczuczyn | ||
| Ext. 610 : Piecki → Ruciane Nida | |||
| Rail route : | Olsztyn – Ełk | ||
| Next international airport : | Warsaw | ||
| Danzig | |||
Ruciane-Nida [ ruˈt͡ɕanɛ ˈɲida ] ( German : Rudczanny , as well as: Nieden ) is a town in the powiat Piski of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship in Poland . It is the seat of the town-and-country municipality of the same name with 8006 inhabitants (as of June 30, 2019).
geography
Geographical location
The place is about 70 kilometers east of Olsztyn (Allenstein) and 16 kilometers south of Mikołajki (Nikolaiken) in the Masurian Lake District and in the middle of the Puszcza Piska (Johannisburger Heide) , between the Jezioro Guzianka Mała (Little Guschiener Lake) and the strongly curved Jezioro Nidzkie (Lower Lake ) . The district town of Pisz (Johannisburg) is 16 kilometers to the east.
Urban area
The city of Ruciane-Nida is at 128 m npm. The area of the city covers 17.0 km². In 2016, 4609 inhabitants were registered here.
City structure
The city of Ruciane-Nida is divided into three residential areas Osiedle 1–3 with the former districts:
- Guzianka (Guszianka , 1938 to 1945 Guschienen)
- Kowalik (Kowallik , 1938 to 1945 Müllershof)
- Nida (Nieden)
- Ruciane (Rudczanny , 1938 to 1945 Niedersee) .
history
The city of Ruciane-Nida came into being after the Second World War and was founded on January 1st, 1966 by the merger of two places:
- Ruciane ( Rudczanny , 1938 to 1945 Niedersee )
and
- Nida (Nieden)
At the site of today's Ruciane district there were smaller settlements as early as the 14th century, including a charcoal burning plant . In 1679 a water mill at the mouth of a river in the Lower Lake (Jezioro Nidzkie) is mentioned. The first road connection from Rudczanny to Johannisburg was built between 1866 and 1869 . Due to the growing population, a registry office opened in Nieden in 1880. In 1898 it was connected to the railway network to Sensburg (Mrągowo). At that time, tourism was already becoming an important economic factor in the city.
During the First World War there were battles between German troops and Russian armies in the vicinity of the place.
Until 1945 the village of Niedersee belonged to the district of Sensburg in the administrative district of Gumbinnen , from 1905 in the administrative district of Allenstein in the Prussian province of East Prussia .
Towards the end of the Second World War, the Wehrmacht built bunkers here. In 2015, there was still a small above-ground bunker right next to the lock on the Lower Lake. With the advance of the Red Army , the civilian population of the places was completely evacuated. On January 27, 1945, the Red Army occupied the region. The fighting in the area caused severe damage. After the end of the war, the southern half of East Prussia was placed under Polish administration. Niedersee was renamed Ruciane in 1945 and the neighboring town of Nieden was renamed Nida . Unless the German residents had fled, they were driven out .
In 1946/47 the Olsztyn – Ełk (Allenstein – Lyck) railway was rebuilt, and the bridges that had been blown up by the German Wehrmacht were repaired. A sawmill was built between 1949 and 1952, but it was not until 1951 that Ruciane and 1952 Nida were connected to the public electricity network. On December 11, 1954, a large plant for wood fiber and chipboard was built in Nida. The operation became one of the largest of its kind in Europe, exporting to the United States , Canada and the United Kingdom , among others . In 1965, 1144 people worked in the factory.
The town received its town charter on January 1, 1966, when the villages of Nida and Ruciane merged. As part of an administrative reform, the place came to the newly formed Suwałki Voivodeship in 1975 and stayed there until its dissolution in 1999 and became part of the Warmia-Masurian Voivodeship .
coat of arms
For the design of the coat of arms management in 1967 organized a competition which the sculptor Henryk Maczkowski from Olsztyn (Olsztyn) won.
The coat of arms shows a yellow factory and a white sailing boat on a blue background. This shows the most important factors for the place back then, the chipboard factory and tourism.
Population development
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1966 | 3050 |
| 1987 | 4793 |
| 2016 | 4609 |
| 2019 | 4454 |
church
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Evangelical
There is no longer a Protestant church in Ruciane-Nida. At last it belonged to the old Prussian church province of East Prussia . The escape and expulsion of the local population put an end to community life in what is now the Ruciane district . The parish hall with chapel room was given to the Catholic Church. Protestant residents today orient themselves towards the parish in Pisz , which has a branch church in nearby Wejsuny . It belongs to the Masurian Diocese of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .
Catholic
Before 1945 there were only very few Catholics in the Ruciane and Nida area - who were oriented towards Johannisburg and Sensburg because of their small number - today there are two parishes in the city . In the Ruciane district, the previously Protestant parish hall has been upgraded to a church. In the Nida district, a new church building was built in the 1980s, to which the branch church in Krzyże (Kreuzofen) is assigned.
Both parishes in Ruciane-Nida are incorporated into the Pisz deanery in the Ełk diocese of the Polish Catholic Church .
local community
The town itself and 17 villages with school administration offices belong to the town-and-country community (gmina miejsko-wiejska) Ruciane-Nida. The municipality was founded in 1973/1991 and covers an area of 357.7 km². The lakes of the Masurian Lake District form a large part of the area .
economy
In earlier centuries the timber industry and fishing played an important role for the inhabitants. In the 20th century, a chipboard factory was established in the village , but it had to file for bankruptcy in 1995 and was subsequently closed.
Tourism is important for the place today . There are offers for water sports , especially for sailing . From the Lower Lake , a waterway leads to the Śniardwy (Spirdingsee) , the largest lake in the country. Trips across the lakes to Nikolaiken are possible. There are camping facilities, riding stables, hotels and guesthouses. The Jezioro Guzianka Mała (Little Guschien Lake) and the Jezioro Bełdany (Beldahn Lake) have a water level difference of two to three meters and are connected by a lock at Guzianka.
traffic
The state road 58 and the voivodship road 610 run through the city and municipality. The individual localities are linked by secondary roads and country lanes. Ruciane-Nida can also be reached via the waterways by steamers of the White Fleet, by house boats and sailing boats.
Since 1884, the Olsztyn – Ełk (Allenstein – Lyck) railway with the Ruciane-Nida (Rudczanny / Niedersee) and Ruciane-Nida Zachód (Nieden) stations has passed through the town .
The closest airports are Warsaw and Gdansk .
literature
- August Eduard Preuss : Prussian country and folklore or description of Prussia. A manual for primary school teachers in the province of Prussia, as well as for all friends of the fatherland . Bornträger Brothers, Königsberg 1835, p. 55.
- Józef Śliwiński: Z dziejów Rucianego-Nidy i okolic. Wyższa Szkoła Pedagogiczna, Olsztyn 1993, ISBN 83-900851-0-0 .
Web links
- City website (Polish)
- Website about the place (Polish)
- More website about the place (Polish)
Footnotes
- ↑ a b c d e Ruciane-Nida at Polska w liczbach
- ↑ Polish Postal Code Directory 2013, p. 1088
- ↑ bip.ruciane-nida.pl: Sołtysi. (Polish, accessed August 3, 2020)
City: Ruciane-Nida ( Rudczanny and Nieden ) with Osiedla nr 1–3
Villages and school offices : Gałkowo (Galkowen / Nickelshorst) | Iznota (Isnothen) | Karwica (Kurwien) | Końcewo (Konzewen / Warnold, Dorf) | Krzyże (cross oven) | Niedźwiedzi Róg (Bear's Corner) | Nowa Ukta (New Ukta) | Onufryjewo (Onufrigowen / Rehfelde) | Osiniak ( Fedorwalde and Peterhain ) | Popielno (Popiellnen / Spirding) | Śwignajno (Schwignainen) | Szeroki Bór (Breitenheide) | Ukta (Old Ukta) | Wejsuny ( Weissuhnen , village) | Wojnowo (Eckertsdorf) | Wólka (Dietrichswalde) | Wygryny (Wigrinnen)
Smaller towns and hamlets: Borek | Głodowo (Glodowen / Spirdingshöhe) | Ivanovo (Ivanovs) | Jeleń | Kadzidłowo (Kadzidlowen / Einsiedeln) | Kamień (Kamien / Boars) | Karwica Mazurska (Kurwien, train station) | Kokoszka (Kokoska / Kienhausen) | Kończewo (Warnold, forestry) | Ładne Pole (Schönfeld) | Lipnik (Lipnik / Falkenhöhe) | Lisiczyn | Maskulińskie | Oko (Eichhorst) | Piaski (Piasken) | Pieczysko (Pieczisko / Waldofen) | Pranie (Pranie / Seehorst) | Ruczaj | Warnowo (Warnold, Gut) | Wejsuny-Leśniczówka ( white bees , forestry) | Wierzba (Wiersba / Beldahnsee) | Wypad (Wypad / Waldsiedeln) | Zakątki (Gnadenfeld) | Zameczek (little castle) | Zamordeje (Samordey / Samordei) | Zaroślak | Zdrużno (Sdrusno / Eichenborn)