Ukta

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Ukta
Ukta does not have a coat of arms
Ukta (Poland)
Ukta
Ukta
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Warmia-Masuria
Powiat : Pisz
Gmina : Ruciane-Nida
Geographic location : 53 ° 41 ′  N , 21 ° 30 ′  E Coordinates: 53 ° 41 ′ 18 ″  N , 21 ° 29 ′ 46 ″  E
Residents : 623 (2011)
Postal code : 12-220
Telephone code : (+48) 87
License plate : NPI
Economy and Transport
Street : Ext . 609 : Mikołajki - Bobrówko - Nowa Ukta → Ukta
Ext. 610 : Ruciane-Nida / DK 58 ↔ Gałkowo - Piecki / DK 59
Rail route : no rail connection
Next international airport : Danzig



On the Krutynia River in Ukta
Building in Ukta

Ukta [ ˈukta ] ( German  Alt Ukta ) is a village and Schulzenamt ( Polish Sołectwo ) in the urban and rural community of Ruciane-Nida (Rudczanny / Niedersee-Nieden) in the Piski powiat ( Johannisburg district ). It is located in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship in northeast Poland .

Geographical location

Alt Ukta is located in the Masurian Lake District on the Baltic ridge . Characteristic for the landscape in this area are numerous lakes, swamps, ponds as well as coniferous and mixed forests. The Johannisburger Heide begins not far southeast of Ukta . To the west of Ukta is the Jezioro Mokre (Muckersee) and east of the Jezioro Bełdany (Beldahnsee) . The Krutynia (Kruttinna) flows through the village .

The distance to Nowa Ukta (Neu Ukta) is 1.5 km, to Ruciane-Nida 9 km, to Pisz (Johannisburg) 24 km and to Wojnowo (Eckertsdorf) 3 km.

history

Originally this Prussian landscape was inhabited by the pagan Prussians ( Galinds ). After Christianization by the Teutonic Order , it belonged to the Teutonic Order and after 1525 to the Duchy of Prussia . In 1701 this region became part of the Kingdom of Prussia and later the Province of East Prussia .

Around 1754 a glassworks was founded on the Kruttinna River ; In the years that followed, a workers' settlement was built, known as the Kruttingsche Glashütte . This housing estate with 34 families was known as Alt Ukta in 1778 . After the closure of the glassworks, a lumberjack settlement was built on site.

After the Congress of Vienna, which was created to February 1, 1818 Sensburg in Administrative district Gumbinnen in the Province of Prussia . In April 1874 the administrative district No. 10 Ukta was formed with the rural community Eckertsdorf ( Polish Wojnowo ) and Ukta and the manor district Groß Schwignainen (Polish Śwignajno Wielkie ).

Due to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty , the population in the Allenstein voting area , to which Ukta belonged, voted on July 11, 1920 on whether they would continue to belong to East Prussia (and thus to Germany) or join Poland. In Ukta, 840 residents voted to remain with East Prussia, while Poland did not vote.

During the East Prussian operation , Ukta was captured by the Red Army on January 22, 1945 and placed under the Soviet command. After the war ended , Ukta came to Poland. The Gmina Ukta existed here from 1946 to 1954 . From 1975-1998 Ukta was in the Suwałki Voivodeship and since 1999 it has belonged to the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship .

Ukta District (1874–1945)

From 1874 to 1945 the district of Ukta existed, which was part of the Sensburg district in the Gumbinnen district (from 1905: Allenstein district ) of the Prussian province of East Prussia . Originally made up of three villages, it grew to eight in a year:

Surname Changed name
(1938 to 1945)		 Polish name Remarks
Eckertsdorf Wojnowo
Groß Schwignainen Śwignajno Wielkie 1928 incorporated into Schönfeld-Schwignainen
(Alt) Ukta Ukta
in the course of 1874:
Fedorwalde-Peterhain Osiniak-Piotrowo
Galkowen-Nikolaihorst Nickelshorst Gałkowo
Schlößchen-Ivanovs (from 1929 :)
Schlößchen		 Zameczek
in the course of 1875:
Schönfeld-Schwignainen (from 1930 :)
Schönfeld		 Ładne Pole
Dietrichswalde Wólka until 1875 belonging to the district of Breitenheide (Szeroki Bór) in the Johannisburg district

On January 1, 1945, the districts of Ukta included Dietrichswalde, Eckertsdorf, Fedorwalde-Peterhain, Nickelshorst, Schlößchen, Schönfeld and Ukta.

Population development

year number Remarks
1818 299
1828 494
1839 578
1867 593
1885 810
1910 1184
1933 1280
1938 1274
1939 1275
2011 623

church

Church building

Today's Catholic Church of Exaltation of the Cross in Ukta

The small neo-Gothic brick church has stood in Ukta since 1846 , which was a Protestant parish church until 1945 and is now the central place of worship for the Roman Catholic parish . The altar is decorated with a picture of the “ Lamentation of Christ ” by the Italian painter Girolamo Muziano . The organ is the work of the master organ builder Wilhelm Sauer in Frankfurt / Oder . The wall paintings that were painted over in the period after 1945 were exposed again in the 2010s and restored by the art curator Magdalene Schneider. The church is called "Kościół Podwyźszenia Krzyźa Świętego" (= Church of Exaltation of the Cross ).

The name “St. Petrikirche ”, on the other hand, now bears the old village chapel , which is used as a branch church by the Protestant parish Mikołajki (Nikolaiken) . Attached is the “Diakoniezentrum Arka”, which is operated as a nursing home for the elderly and also as a rehabilitation center and is mainly intended for displaced East Prussians who want to spend their old age here in their homeland.

Parish

The Protestant St. Petrikirche (former village chapel) in Ukta

Evangelical

In 1846 a Protestant church was founded in Alt Ukta. It grew in numbers, so that in 1920 a separate parish was established in the neighboring village of Rudczanny (1938 to 1945 Lower Lake , Polish Ruciane , today in Ruciane-Nida ), which, however, remained parishally connected with Ukta. Until 1945, Alt Ukta / Rudczanny belonged to the parish of Sensburg in the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union . Due to the flight and displacement of the local population , church life collapsed after 1945 and only gradually recovered. The Protestant Church had already been transferred to the Catholic Church. The village chapel then became the church of the Protestant community, whose rectory is located in Mikołajki and belongs to the Masuria diocese of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland . The German Protestant cemetery of yore still exists.

Catholic

Before 1945 only a few Catholics lived in Alt Ukta and the surrounding area. They were incorporated into the parish of Sensburg in the Diocese of Warmia . After 1945, numerous new Polish citizens settled here, most of them of Catholic denomination. And so it soon came to the formation of a Catholic congregation, which on April 5, 1981 also occupied the previously evangelical church and made use of it as a parish church. The Ukta parish belongs to the Mikołajki Dean's Office in the Ełk Diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland .

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the place

  • Eduard Jedamzik (born June 17, 1901 in Alt Ukta; † December 9, 1966), German lawyer and SS-Sturmbannführer, Gestapo chief and leader of the Einsatzkommando 10b in the USSR
  • Gustav Wischnövski (born March 29, 1872 in Alt Ukta; † October 15, 1938), German politician (DNVP)

Persons connected with Ukta

  • Klaus Bednarz (1942–2015), German journalist, foreign correspondent for ARD and presenter: his grandfather was the owner of a 35 hectare farm in Ukta until he fled in January 1945. From the summer of 1974, Klaus Bednarz traveled to Masuria several times , visited the residents of Ukta and described it in the book Fernes nahes Land , which was published in 1996 and subsequently achieved several editions.

traffic

In the village of empties Mikołajki ( German  Nikolaiken ) coming provincial road 609 in the provincial road 610 which Piecki (whip village) with Ruciane-Nida (Rudczanny / Niedersee - Nieden) connects. A side road also leads from Ukta in a southerly direction via Wojnowo (Eckertsdorf) to state road 58 ( Olsztynek - Szczuczyn ) at Jezioro Duś (Dusssee) .

Ukta no longer has a rail link. From 1898 to 1945 the village was a train station on the railway line (Königsberg–) Zinten – Rothfließ – Niedersee (–Johannisburg), the section of which from Sensburg to Niedersee , where Ukta was located, was shut down in 1945 due to the war and partially dismantled.

See also

Web links

Commons : Ukta  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Wieś Ukta. polskawliczbach.pl, 2011, accessed February 1, 2017 (polski).
  2. ↑ a b Rolf Jehke: District Ukta. May 7, 2005, accessed February 27, 2015 .
  3. ↑ Herbert Marzian , Csaba Kenez : "Self-determination for East Germany - A Documentation on the 50th Anniversary of the East and West Prussian Referendum on July 11, 1920"; Editor: Göttinger Arbeitskreis , 1970, p. 116
  4. ^ Uli Schubert, community register, district Sensburg
  5. ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. District Sensburg (Polish Mragowo). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  6. ↑ Walther Hubatsch , History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia , Volume 2 Pictures of East Prussian Churches , Göttingen 1968, p. 140, Fig. 683
  7. ↑ a b Ukta - at ostpreussen.net
  8. ↑ Paul Nickel, Bible texts light up again in the chancel , in: Masurische Storchenpost , December 2013, p. 33
  9. ↑ Walther Hubatsch, History of the Evangelical Church in East Prussia , Bad 3 Documents , Göttingen 1968, p. 500
  10. ↑ Andreas Kossert: Masuria - East Prussia's forgotten south . Pantheon, Munich 2006, ISBN 978-3-570-55006-9 , p. 374 .
  11. ↑ Klaus Bednarz, Far Near Land. Encounters in East Prussia , Hamburg 1996, esp. Pp. 13–26 - ISBN 3-455-11059-2