Hair (Bad Wünnenberg)

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Hair
Coordinates: 51 ° 33 ′ 59 "  N , 8 ° 43 ′ 42"  E
Height : 361 m
Area : 33 km²
Residents : 2514  (Dec. 31, 2012)
Population density : 76 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st January 1975
Postal code : 33181
Area code : 02957
map
Location of Haaren in Bad Wünnenberg

Haaren is a northern district of Bad Wünnenberg in North Rhine-Westphalia ( Germany ) and belongs to the Paderborn district . It is known nationwide for the Wünnenberg-Haaren motorway junction .

geography

Haaren lies on the Paderborn plateau . The highest point of the village is 388  m above sea level. NN . It is located 95 km east of Dortmund , 20 km south of Paderborn , 50 km north of Winterberg ( Sauerland ) and 80 km west of Kassel .

Neighboring places

Starting clockwise in the north, the district of Niederntudorf von Salzkotten , the district Etteln of the municipality Borchen and the district Henglarn of Lichtenau (Westphalia) , the Bad Wünnenberg districts of Helmern , Fürstenberg , Bad Wünnenberg and Leiberg and the districts of Hegensdorf , Büren and Wewelsburg border on Haaren from Büren (Westphalia) . All places mentioned belong to the Paderborn district.

history

The place name consists of the general term har , which means height, this is also known from the hair strand and a basic word such as urn, harun, haran or haram. This is how home settlements were named by the Franks . Haaren lies on a prominent point of the Turon step above the Sintfeld . The abbot Sturmius and his messengers of faith evangelized and preached in the Sintfeld; they founded original parishes here . The Böddeken Monastery was founded in 837, but a church that was previously built nearby is even older. This first church was under the patronage of Martin of Tours . Hair probably also belonged to this parish. At the ruins of the ancient path leads Kirch fabrics of Tindeln out. The first church was probably a wooden building, the hall church was rebuilt from stone around 1000. It stood at the site of today's cemetery chapel.

The village was first mentioned in a document in the Traditiones Corbeinenses in 975 , it is probably a lot older and is one of the very old settlements in the area. The reason for this early settlement was the convenient location; Trade and military roads crossed here, the most important of which was the Frankfurter Weg . The corridor was settled in Germanic times, an iron lance tip was found in the feeding hole during plowing work, which was assigned as typically Germanic to the time around the second or third century. The lace is exhibited in the State Museum in Münster . Another farmer found a large ornate shard from a thick-walled storage container from the first century. The courtyards of these Germanic settlements were not large and were scattered across the terrain. The inhabitants were farmers, they chose their settlement sites according to their requirements. A water point was needed near the house, pasture, field and house formed a unit. The farmland was so large that the family and servants could be supplied and the refuge could be provided with sufficient supplies.

After the medieval desertification process, farmers settled in Haaren again at the end of the 15th century. A chronicler from Böddeken wrote: In the middle of the 15th century there were desolate and desolate places in this area, deserted by the people, that is by most of them. Then in 1473 some farmers from Haaren paid their debts: B. Fridag, Salomons, Klute, Otto Feche, whose family still exists there and are therefore the oldest . Around 1492 a larger village was formed here again and at the beginning of the 16th century the farmers paid taxes. This place of new hair can no longer be compared with old hair, only remnants of the old place are left. The new place developed into a clustered village that was densely populated. The reconstruction of the church began in 1507, which took several years and the residents went into debt for it. As early as 1511, a list of names kept by the Bredelaer monastery shows an increase in the population. The Böddeken monastery donated a baptismal font in 1588, which has been preserved to this day. If the farmers not paid their dues was he abgemeiert , he was deprived of the transferred land and he lost his livelihood. At the end of the 16th century, the highwayman Scriborius from Haaren and his cronies repeatedly attacked traders and travelers and robbed them. He was caught in 1589 and sentenced to death. At the so-called Blutjanslinde near Dalheim, his body was torn to pieces with red- hot pliers by two executioners , his stomach cut open, his heart sabered from his chest and beaten around the mouth . The area of ​​Haaren has belonged to the later Hochstift Paderborn since the early Middle Ages .

Over time, the village was plundered, occupied and destroyed again and again, although the residents defended themselves by roadblocks and the defense of the outer ring of houses. During this time the fields on the Sintfeld were fallow again and developed into heathland. On January 1, 1622, the mad Christian and his troops invaded by hair and set up his headquarters here and sent his letters of fire from here . The population and the village suffered further damage during the Seven Years' War , with famine and epidemics claiming victims. After the wars, the residents rebuilt the buildings and the church and cultivated their fields.

In 1802 the Paderborn bishopric lost its state independence with the occupation by Prussia , all claims and rights were transferred to the Prussian state, which vehemently demanded the subsequent payment of accrued tax debts and punctual payment for the future. The farmers became owners of the land they cultivated. However, the area fell back to the Kingdom of Westphalia for a few years in 1807 and to Prussia in 1813 after the Napoleonic defeat. Haaren was incorporated into the province of Westphalia , founded in 1815, and by decree of the royal government in Minden it came to the Büren district, founded in 1816 . When the districts were divided into offices , Haaren came to the Atteln office . The separation of the Haaren lands with a total of 7.414 acres of separation mass was completed in 1849 after overcoming considerable difficulties and disputes. The final bill was 8,000 thalers. The Feldmark was opened up by fixed paths and paved roads were built to the neighboring places. Some of the streets were laid out as chaussees based on the French model with ditches, trees and a limestone packing layer. The road to Paderborn was completed in 1864, after which a royal Prussian postal expedition was set up in Haaren and a driving post was established. In 1829 the government ordered and carried out a cadastral survey. After that there were around 170 houses, a school, a church and a chapel in the village. The streets of the heaped village, which had grown haphazardly, ran accordingly. The densely built-up village was destroyed by a large fire in 1847, 48 houses, the school, the rectory and the church burned down and around 70 families were made homeless. To restore the public buildings, the King of Prussia granted a gift of grace of 4,000 thalers. The newly built houses were not covered with straw, as before, but with bricks. In 1975, the year of incorporation, Haaren celebrated its 1000th anniversary.

Excavations

Traces of Stone Age settlement are documented in the Haaren area. An archaeologist by the name of Jordan wrote: The location of the site on the upper Fiegenburg is a typical prehistoric one, on the heights, safe, dry and previously free of forests, partly located in a shallow hollow, near the edge of the terrain above an easily accessible source horizon with at least two abundant fissure springs on the northwest slope. The settlement does not seem to have extended more than a kilometer along the slope and about 500 meters in width, so that for the Stone Age around 3000 to 2000 BC only four farms can be expected. The oldest human cultural remains from the Haaren district come from this place! There are small, steep and fine flint chips worked on the edge by knocking and pressing over a sharp stone edge, which were used as knives, scrapers and scratches . Over 1,000 finds were cataloged, including two stone axes and eighteen arrowheads. The ax of light jadeite in 1938 in about two and a half meters deep, in a sinkhole found. It lay between the skulls and skeletal remains of horses. The other ax is made of greenish-gray crystalline rock with dark gray speckles. It was found in 1960 by a schoolboy in a field.

Bronze Age barrows have been discovered about five kilometers from the town center . The total of 97 hills have a diameter of 16 to 20 meters and are up to two meters high. In 1904 an aisle exit was created and a burial mound was cut in the process. An 18.5 cm long piece of a short sword , a 15.5 cm round ax and a seal pin with a length of 16.5 cm were excavated under layers of earth and clay of different thicknesses . These exhibits are shown in the Museum für Völkerkunde in Berlin . Other finds are skulls, antlers, urn shards and flint stones , the whereabouts of which have not been clarified. A dwelling belonging to the cemetery was not found. From Roman times , four silver denars were found near Neuböddeken, one of which bears the inscription GL Caesares .

During excavations at the Schütte springs, the archaeologist Jordan found the medieval location of the settlement Suavharan (Schwafern), near the place. The found remains of a house complex gave more information about life in medieval settlements in the area. Remnants of bones from cattle, horses, sheep, goats, poultry and dogs are evidence of cattle breeding, while grain finds are evidence of agriculture. Remnants of lead, a small conical weight, copper slags and castings were found as evidence of the presence of craftsmen. In a cellar room that was partially bricked, scissors with a spring-loaded bracket, knife, forged nails, a rider's spur, a key, a bronze belt buckle and a glass ring were found.

Desolation process

The location of the small settlements Alt Haaren, Neu Haaren, Schawfern and Böddeken has been clarified. The location of the two desolate hamlets of Wulfeshusen and Tedenkenlo is not known. The rural way of life prevailed in all settlements. The stable system of small settlements changed noticeably in the 12th century. The farmers gave up their homes and moved to larger, fortified settlements. The territorial rule of the lesser and greater lords came into being, to whose attacks the peasants were defenseless. In this desolation process, all known old settlements in this area were given up. Around 1350 Alt-Haaren, Alten-Bödekken, Wulfeshusen, Schwafern, Tindeln and Tedenklo fell in desolation, only ruins remained . The nearby old Wallburg Knickenhagen was put back in order, expanded and reinforced and offered protection to the residents. A copy from Bödefeld reports: In the past, the farmers who were driven out of the Sintfeld and other settlement areas by the chaos of war are said to have gathered here and built fortifications. But they were driven out again by robbery attacks . After that, the land was abandoned and the remaining inhabitants sought protection in cities like Büren , where they sometimes became respected citizens.

Religions

The majority of the population is Catholic and belongs to the parish in the Büren-Delbrück deanery of the Archdiocese of Paderborn .

The Protestant residents of Haarens belong to the Protestant parish of Fürstenberg in the Paderborn parish of the Evangelical Church of Westphalia . Protestant services are celebrated in the small chapel of the "Emma Rose Foundation" nursing home.

Incorporation

Before January 1, 1975, the then municipality of Haaren belonged to the Atteln district in the Büren district. When the Sauerland / Paderborn Act came into force on that day, the four municipalities of Bleiwinen, Fürstenberg, Leiberg and Wünnenberg of the Wünnenberg office were merged with the three municipalities of Elisenhof, Haaren and Helmern of the Atteln office to form the new town of Wünnenberg and came with this to the Paderborn district. The legal successor of the municipality of Haaren was the new town of Wünnenberg, which today bears the name Bad Wünnenberg, while the new town of Lichtenau (Westphalia) , which was formed at the same time, is the legal successor of the Atteln office. The administration is located in the Fürstenberg district.

Population development

On the census dates June 6, 1961 and May 27, 1970, the then municipality of Haaren had 1,477 and 1,657 inhabitants, respectively. On December 31, 1973 there were 1825 inhabitants, on June 30, 1974 1830 and on December 31, 2014 2514 inhabitants.

Economy and Infrastructure
  • ALSO Deutschland GmbH from Soest operates a logistics center in Haaren in the wholesale information technology segment .
  • The closed industrial park Haaren is located directly at the Wünnenberg-Haaren motorway junction. So far, companies from the food processing, construction, fitness, mechanics, mechanical engineering, EDP and computer industries have been based there.

Patronage rights

The right of patronage over the parish church lay with the Corvey monastery, so that Corvey could decide on the occupation of the parish post. The patronage right and the tithe was handed over to the Augustinian monastery in Böddeken . 100 years later, the residents of Corvey asked for advice and mediation in disputes with the new patronage lords. The Willebadessen monastery was also the landlord in the village; a farm had to pay him six solidos , four ounces of eggs and four chickens. A local noble ministerial family von Haaren owned a manor here. A Reinhardus de Hare, miles was named in 1264 and a Herman von Haren, as well as his uncle Heinrich and his son Ecbert were named in documents in 1322. The family has not been mentioned since the high Middle Ages, it is believed to have died out or migrated. The Böddeken monastery had the largest property in the village and they gradually bought up part of the farms. The canon Johannes Valbert documented this in 1450 with the help of found records.

church

St. Vitus

A new church was built and consecrated in 1751. The foundation stone was laid in 1749, the builder was N. Tewes. A roof turret sat on the roof of the small baroque church with three bays. A fourth yoke was added in 1861, an organ gallery was built and the tower was added, which was raised in 1891. The old church was demolished in 1845. The interior design changed several times or was supplemented by changing tastes and fires. After the abolition of the Böddeken monastery in 1803, the church received, among other things, a precious radiant Madonna and a small shrine with the relics of St. Meinolf.

Attractions

The town's sights include the Ohrmackers Mill , built in 1923, and the parish church of St. Vitus, built in 1750 .

The museum about the Westphalian state railway in Lippstadt is also worth seeing. Original railroad workplaces are shown: barrier keepers, signalmen, conductors and track walkers with the full equipment as they were seen in the 1970s and 1980s. The museum is "mobile" and is set up on certain occasions.

education

The village has two kindergartens and a primary school. Further schools, a secondary school and a secondary school, are located in the neighboring district of Fürstenberg to the south.

Personalities

  • Bernhard Köthenbürger (* 1870 - † after 1933), entrepreneur and politician (center)
  • Heinrich Becker (* 1882, † after 1945), Roman Catholic priest, stood in the resistance against the National Socialist state
  • Werner Faber (1928–2017), educator and fairy tale researcher

societies

Trivia

According to the tradition of the chronicler Berlage in the village chronicle, the swineherd Henricus Hucht is said to have found a golden idol on Salmen's field. A pig dug it out of the ground. The shepherd sold the gold and became wealthy. On an iron grave slab that covered the grave of the shepherd and which is shown today in the cemetery chapel reads : The ... Monument has the following inscription: Although Dib and murderer are coming - good and life is lost - but I fear God, I command him - because he can take Body and soul. Anno 1744. 28 Januarius died in Mr. Hinrikus Hugt his age 74 years. N. H. married woman with Anna Barbara Siegelers lived fritsam 45 years.

literature

  • Hair - 1000 years. A documentation of the history of Haaren is compiled by the working group for the millennium . Westfalen-Druckerei, Paderborn, 1975.
  • Jost Wedekin: Heimatbuch der Stadt Wünnenberg, published by Stadt Wünnenberg, 1987, total production Paderborn printing center.
  • Jost Wedekin: Die Landjuden von Haaren Ed. Heimat- und Verkehrsverein Haaren, 2008, total production self-published, ISBN 978-3-00-026212-8 .
  • St. Vitus Haaren, Old Parish on the Sintfeldrand Ed. Working group St. Vitus Haaren, 2002, total production of Media-Print Information Technology, Paderborn

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Jost Wedekin: Home book of the city of Wünnenberg. Ed. City of Wünnenberg, 1987, p. 231.
  2. ^ Jost Wedekin: Heimatbuch der Stadt Wünnenberg, published by Stadt Wünnenberg, 1987, p. 231.
  3. ^ Jost Wedekin: Heimatbuch der Stadt Wünnenberg, published by Stadt Wünnenberg, 1987, p. 230.
  4. ^ Jost Wedekin: Heimatbuch der Stadt Wünnenberg, published by Stadt Wünnenberg, 1987, p. 236.
  5. ^ Jost Wedekin: Heimatbuch der Stadt Wünnenberg, published by Stadt Wünnenberg, 1987, p. 237.
  6. ^ Jost Wedekin: Heimatbuch der Stadt Wünnenberg, published by Stadt Wünnenberg, 1987, p. 237.
  7. ^ Jost Wedekin: Heimatbuch der Stadt Wünnenberg, published by Stadt Wünnenberg, 1987, p. 241.
  8. ^ Jost Wedekin: Heimatbuch der Stadt Wünnenberg, published by Stadt Wünnenberg, 1987, p. 242.
  9. ^ Jost Wedekin: Heimatbuch der Stadt Wünnenberg, published by Stadt Wünnenberg, 1987, p. 227.
  10. ↑ Neuböddeken .
  11. ^ Jost Wedekin: Heimatbuch der Stadt Wünnenberg, published by Stadt Wünnenberg, 1987, p. 233.
  12. ^ Jost Wedekin: Heimatbuch der Stadt Wünnenberg, published by Stadt Wünnenberg, 1987, p. 235.
  13. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 321 .
  14. ↑ ALSO homepage .
  15. ↑ Haaren Industrial Park .
  16. ^ Jost Wedekin: Heimatbuch der Stadt Wünnenberg, published by Stadt Wünnenberg, 1987, total production Paderborn printing center, page 232.
  17. ^ Jost Wedekin: Heimatbuch der Stadt Wünnenberg, published by Stadt Wünnenberg, 1987, total production Paderborn printing center, page 237.
  18. ↑ http://wle-eisenbahnmuseum.one/ Web link to the WLE Museum
  19. ↑ Rifle Club .
  20. ↑ Pages of the volunteer fire brigade .
  21. ↑ »www.tambourcorps-haaren.de« .
  22. ^ Jost Wedekin: Heimatbuch der Stadt Wünnenberg, published by Stadt Wünnenberg, 1987, total production Paderborn printing center, page 228.