Kallenberg castle ruins

Kallenberg castle ruins
Creation time :	around 1200
Castle type :	Höhenburg, summit location
Conservation status:	ruin
Standing position :	Ministeriale
Construction:	Hunchback ashlar masonry
Place:	Buchheim
Geographical location	48 ° 0 '32.7 " N , 8 ° 56' 55.1" E Coordinates: 48 ° 0 '32.7 " N , 8 ° 56' 55.1" E
Height:	776 m above sea level NN

The Kallenberg castle ruin is a high medieval ruin in the Upper Danube Nature Park between Fridingen and Beuron in the municipality of Buchheim in the Tuttlingen district in Baden-Württemberg ( Germany ). Along with Falkenstein, it is the most important ruin in the Danube Valley.

Geographical location

The freely accessible ruin is around 776 m above sea level. NN as a summit castle on a steep knoll above the Danube ( 613 m above sea level ). Below the keep is the Kallenberg cave with cave castle . The ruins offer a good view of the Danube breakthrough valley to Bronnen Castle .

Due to its location on the Danube, the ruins can be reached via the Danube Cycle Path and the European EuroVelo cycle path EV 6.

history

The castle was probably built around 1200 and was first named after the von Kallenberg family in 1225. The Kallenberg was mentioned in 1334 as a property of the Counts of Hohenberg . In 1381 the castle was sold to the House of Habsburg . In the period that followed, there were numerous pawnbrokers: among others von Kallenberg, the Truchsessen von Waldburg (1401–1695), Ulm-Erbach (pawn and man loan possession since 1702). The castle began to slowly decay from around 1800. On March 4, 1905, the farm belonging to the castle burned down and was not rebuilt. In 1907 the ruin came into the possession of Baron von Ow-Wachendorf. On November 16, 1911, the eastern tower gable collapsed in an earthquake in the Albstadt shear zone . The ruins have been owned by the Tuttlingen district since 1974 .

In addition to the castle, the former rule of Kallenberg also included the towns of Gründelbuch , Nusplingen , Obernheim , Dormettingen , Bronnhaupten and Erlaheim .

Building description

The well-preserved keep made of carefully hewn humpback ashlars (in the lower half) has a square floor plan with a side length of around eight meters and a height of 20 meters. It has a high entrance with a three-part shoulder fall. Under the worn plinth, the door threshold, there are beam holes for the suspension of the former entrance platform.

View from Kallenberg to Bronnen Castle

Kallenberg Cave

Around 100 meters east of the castle complex is a cave castle belonging to the ensemble with remains of walls from the entrance portal in front of the cave entrance. Castle and cave were used at the same time and should be viewed as a unit. While the location of the castle suggests it was built around the year 1200, finds from the Celtic era have been made in the cave .

High entrance to the keep with clearly recognizable fortifications

The Archbishop of Cologne

Agnes von Mansfeld-Eisleben

On December 4, 1577, Gebhard von Waldburg was elected Archbishop of Cologne from the Truchsess family who owned it . A legend reports that the eyes of the pretty Mansfeld woman enchanted and seduced the cleric. The Italian Scotti made a mirror with a picture of the pretty Mansfeld woman on the back and a cover. He was recommended to the elector as a traveling scholar who understands black art. Unsuspecting, the clergyman accepted the suggestion with the magic mirror. At the late hour everyone could only see their own likeness on the large table. When he bowed to the Elector, he turned the cover in a flash and unnoticed. Now he could show his mistress to everyone at the electoral court. Gebhard smiled and accepted the applause for his now city-famous love affair. The pretty woman confessed to Martin Luther's teaching. He quickly forgot celibacy and met his lover in a remote castle. In 1582 the Archbishop of Cologne also confessed to the Reformation and married Agnes von Mansfeld . According to Lutheran teaching , all nuns and priests are allowed to marry because God's order of creation provides for marriage. Gebhard moved to Strasbourg and became a Protestant cathedral dean at the court of Duke Friedrich von Württemberg . Since then, all Protestant members of the round tables in Württemberg can claim that, thanks to Gebhard, they are in the Apostolic Succession like the Catholics . On November 5, 1632, Colonel Hans Michael Rau occupied Kallenberg from Meßstetten in order to enforce the former archbishop's controversial will with military means. According to Wirtenberg's legal opinion, the rule of Kallenberg was bequeathed to the Duke of Wirtenberg in a valid will.

literature

Christoph Bizer: Surface finds of castles in the Swabian Alb - A contribution to ceramic and castle research . Published by the regional council Stuttgart - State Office for Monument Preservation, Konrad Theiss Verlag, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 3-8062-2038-7 , pp. 278–281.
Willi Hermann: Burg Kallenberg / Schloss Bronnen (collected essays on Fridingen history, vol. 10, edited by Heimatkreis Fridingen eV). Steels Druck & Verlag, Eigeltingen 2001.
Friedrich-Wilhelm Krahe: Castles of the German Middle Ages - floor plan lexicon . Special edition, Flechsig Verlag, Würzburg 2000, ISBN 3-88189-360-1 , p. 314.
Günter Schmitt : Kallenberg . In: Ders .: Burgenführer Schwäbische Alb. Volume 3: Danube Valley. Hiking and discovering between Sigmaringen and Tuttlingen . Biberacher Verlagsdruckerei, Biberach 1990, ISBN 3-924489-50-5 , pp. 239–248.
Christoph Bizer, Rolf Götz: Forgotten castles of the Swabian Alb . DRW-Verlag, Stuttgart 1989, ISBN 3-87181-244-7 , p. 97ff.
Stefan Uhl: Cave castles and cave fortifications in the Danube Valley . In: Leaves of the Swabian Alb Association . No. 1, 1988.
Gerd Dörr: HB-Bildatlas: Swabian Alb: castles, palaces, ruins . HB-Verlags-und-Vertriebs-Gesellschaft, Hamburg 1988, ISBN 3-616-06727-8 .
Walther Frick: rocks, castles, knights: history and stories from the upper Danube valley . Regio-Verlag Glock and Lutz, Sigmaringendorf 1987, ISBN 3-8235-5801-3 .
Arthur Hauptmann: Castles then and now - castles and castle ruins in southern Baden and neighboring areas . Verlag Südkurier, Konstanz 1984, ISBN 3-87799-040-1 , pp. 193-196.
Georg Miller : Heimatbuch Nusplingen . Published by the mayor's office of the municipality of Nusplingen, Ernst Glückler Verlag, Hechingen 1985
Upper Danube Nature Park. Hiking guide . 1984
Hans-Wilhelm Heine : Studies on weir systems between the young Danube and western Lake Constance . In: Landesdenkmalamt Baden-Württemberg (Hrsg.): Research and reports on the archeology of the Middle Ages in Baden-Württemberg. Volume 5 . Stuttgart 1978, ISSN 0178-3262 , pp. 57 and 161.
Eduard Schuster: Castles, palaces and ruins in the Tuttlingen area . In: Tuttlinger Heimatblätter . 1976.
Alfons Kasper: Art walks all over the Danube . 1964.
Martin Schnell: Castles, in Fridingen on the Danube . 1963.
Hermann Müller; "The beautiful Mansfeld woman" Society for History and Local Lore Bendorf
Kallenberg ruins on the Danube . In: Leaves of the Swabian Alb Association . No. 7, 1904.
The ruins of Pfannenstiel and Kallenberg . In: Leaves of the Swabian Alb Association . No. 11, 1903.

Web links

Commons : Kallenberg - collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikisource: The White Lady of Kallenberg (Sage) - Sources and full texts