Hochkirchen
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Hochkirchen
Nörvenich municipality
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| Height : | 121 m above sea level NHN |
| Area : | 2.83 km² |
| Residents : | 454 (May 31, 2020) |
| Population density : | 160 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | 1st January 1969 |
| Postal code : | 52388 |
| Area code : | 02426 |
 Local map
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Hochkirchen is a district of the municipality of Nörvenich in the Düren district , North Rhine-Westphalia . The rural district has around 430 residents.
location
The village is located immediately east of the federal highway 477 and 1 km south of the main town of Nörvenich. The Neffelbach flows through the village . Hochkirchen borders on Eggersheim in the south , in the other direction on Dorweiler , Nörvenich and Irresheim and districts of the municipality of Nörvenich.
Today's federal highway 477, already designated in a Steinfeld warehouse book in 1477 as “herwich”, “herweeg” and “herstraesse” was laid out by the Romans as a military and trade route and served as a connection from Neuss to Zülpich ( Roman road Trier-Neuss ) .
The steep bank of the Neffelbach to the east of the village used to be used for viticulture , which can be seen in many districts along the stream.
history
Roman and Franconian times
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The Church of St. Viktor was the focus of archaeological interest as early as the 1890s . Excavations carried out at that time and documented by the historian August Schoop . and the latest research results in the years 1980/81, which took place in the abandoned churchyard and under the medieval village church, documented a Roman and Franconian past of the place.
The aim of the excavation was - Wilfried Maria Koch was commissioned with the execution - to obtain certainty about a presumed continuity of settlement at this place, the result of which even exceeded expectations. Not only could walls from Roman times be uncovered, but a variety of artifacts resulted in a picture that suggested a lively life on the hill above the Roman military road (today Bundesstrasse 477) that passed by.
The list of recovered objects includes, for example: Remnants of a mill game carved into a column drum ; Remains of other matron stones (which Schoop found in the south wall of the church); the torso of the highest Roman god in the form of a statuette of the god Jupiter sitting on his throne (first half of the 3rd century) and an enormous number of various ceramic fragments.
Until it was occupied by French troops in 1794, Hochkirchen had belonged to the Nörvenich office in the Duchy of Jülich .
Mairie Nörvenich
From 1798 to 1814, Hochkirchen was one of the localities that belonged to a mairie of the canton of Düren ( Eng. Düren ) in the Arrondissement d'Aix-la-Chapelle . During this time, not only the prevailing political, but also the religious and cultural conditions changed. Politically, it was the end of feudalism , in the field of religion, the abolition or the seizure of many church institutions - this affected also the possession and the church patronage of St. Victor Abbey Steinfeld - social policy also benefited the residents in the village Jews in Hochkirchen , which Equality in civil rights was promised and in the education system the maintenance of a primary school ("école primaire") was transferred to the municipalities according to the School Act of 1802 .
Death board
In the Steinfelderhof there are not only two death shields that hang visibly with explanations in the hall, but also a death board , which unfortunately is not open to the public.
The pastor at the time, Klaus Dors, found the board in 1980 in the attic of the adjacent rectory . It is believed that the death board dates back to the 18th century. Until it was found, it served a very mundane purpose: to repair damage in the attic. Nobody had seen the historical play in the parish of St. Viktor before.
A death board used to be placed at a house where someone had died, either at the front door or at the yard gate. At that time, the dead were usually laid out at home - there were no mourning halls yet. On the day of the funeral, when the coffin was carried out of the house, the board was returned to its place of storage, usually the church.
At the bottom of the approximately 110 cm large board is “Mors Mortalium Finis” in Latin, which translates as “Death is the end of everything carnal”.
coat of arms
In red a bricked, silver (white) church tower tapering towards the top with a golden (yellow) gable roof and a golden (yellow) tower cross. Two closed, butting arched windows above the open gate.
Place name
The coat of arms is also shown in the place name. The Archbishop of Cologne , Anno II , instructed Siegburg a . a. a third of the income of Hochkirchen. This is the first reliable mention of the village.
The place name changed frequently. The following spellings have been proven until the current name was consolidated in 1870:
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On January 1, 1969, Hochkirchen was incorporated into Nörvenich.
Townscape
In the 1970s, a large new building area (Hochkirchen-Nord) was developed. The development of the new building area (Schubertweg) east of Hardtweg was completed on December 14, 2012. The local playground has also been in existence for more than 50 years.
The village includes the Roman Catholic parish church of St. Viktor , the churchyard and cemetery , a sports field with a sports center and a shooting club. The two mom and pop shops with bakery are closed. One of the two local bakeries, the Schmidt company, closed on December 31, 2012, the Uhlemann company on January 10, 2018. The restaurant in the village closed on December 31, 2009. All three closings were due to reasons of age. Successors could not be found. On March 31, 2020, the “Lukashof” horse farm on “Am Fußfall” street was closed.
Population development of the district
| Population development | |||||||
| year | population | year | population | year | population | ||
| 1794 | 155 | 1885 | 340 | 1905 | 362 | ||
| 1925 | 326 | 1945 | 362 | 1955 | 346 | ||
| 1965 | 368 | 1975 | 330 | 1985 | 418 | ||
| 1995 | 375 | 2005 | 400 | 2010 | 401 | ||
| 2015 | 402 | ||||||
Architectural monuments
- Fußfall (Hochkirchen)
- Memories Cross (Hochkirchen)
- Wayside cross at the new cemetery (Hochkirchen)
- Red Cross (Hochkirchen)
- St. Viktor (Hochkirchen)
- Steinfelderhof (Hochkirchen)
education
The first school building, which was erected by the Hochkirchen School Association for teaching purposes, was available to all school-age children in Hochkirchen, Eggersheim and Irresheim. The property was exactly where the Vicarie is today in Kirchstrasse. In the course of time this first school in town - at that time still a half-timbered building - became too small, so that the teachers' apartment was outsourced to gain space and performed separately behind the school . When it became necessary to build a larger, multi-class school, the community initially rented a large room in the current Samuel Schwarz commercial building. Although this could only be a makeshift, it took until 1879/80 before the funds required for the new school were available. The new building was on what was then the main street, today at the corner of Neffeltalstraße and Weidbergstraße. It had two halls with a teacher's apartment next door. The old school building was given to the parish of Hochkirchen, which turned it into a vicar's apartment . In 1886 it was completely demolished to make way for the current vicarage building.
The number of pupils at the local elementary school was 140 school-age children in the 1912 summer semester (reference date: June 1). Hochkirchen had 68 children, Eggersheim 39 and Irresheim 33 children.
During the Second World War , the classrooms were used as the main dressing station . In 1958/59 the school building was expanded and in 1960/61 the old part of the building was completely renovated. In Hochkirchen, the first graders of the Nörvenich elementary school were recently taught in four classrooms. At the end of the 2009/10 school year, school operations were closed and the building was sold to a private individual on October 15, 2010. The Hochkirchen elementary school students have been taught in Nörvenich ever since.
The following is a complete list of the teachers who worked at the school from the school's founding in 1886 to the end of the school as an independent Catholic elementary school at the end of the 1969 school year :
| Surname | Teacher of | Teacher up | comment |
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| Joseph Zilken | 1886 | 1891 | Retirement |
| Werner Berdolet | 1883 | 1.5.1891 | |
| August Karhausen | 1.4.1891 | 1.6.1895 | |
| Johann Plum | October 28, 1895 | Easter 1900 | |
| Max Overbach | ? | ? | Only one month on duty |
| Peter Krülls | Easter 1900 | September 1, 1904 | |
| Joseph Rohling | September 1, 1904 | 1.5.1907 | Retirement |
| Bernhard Hündgen | 1.12.1891 | October 1, 1927 | Retirement |
| Hermann Dauzenberg | February 16, 1908 | March 31, 1919 | |
| Elisabeth Dahlhausen | April 1, 1913 | July 1, 1926 | |
| Jakob Mengelkoch | April 1, 1919 | July 1, 1926 | |
| Paul Schumacher | July 1, 1926 | July 21, 1927 | Died after an accident |
| Peter L Bäumen | October 1, 1927 | 11/1/1927 | |
| Adam Schnabel | 11/1/1927 | April 1, 1936 | |
| Franz Jörres | April 1, 1936 | October 1, 1936 | |
| Ferdinand Tillmann | 1.8.1927 | 1.10.132 | |
| Josefine Eschweiler | October 1, 1932 | March 31, 1933 | |
| Paula Frintrop | April 1, 1933 | March 31, 1964 | Retirement |
| Anton Carls | October 1, 1936 | 1.1.1941 | Military service from August 1, 1940 (representative Hubert Erdmann) |
| Ferdinand Schwarz | 1.2.1941 | August 17, 1943 | Military service from August 17, 1943 |
| Rudolf Maibücher | October 2, 1945 | April 15, 1949 | |
| Jisef Jansen | September 9, 1949 | April 16, 1957 | |
| Hubert Hündgen | September 16, 1949 | March 31, 1964 | Retirement |
| Heinrich Bausen | 1.1.1952 | March 31, 1952 | |
| Heinz Heesel | 1.5.1957 | April 1, 1962 | Later rector of the Nörvenich elementary school |
| Hildegard Buhr, later vh. Engels | April 24, 1962 | 1.4.1969 | |
| Rudolf Hillemanns | May 27, 1964 | 11/30/1966 | |
| Silvia Poltermann | 1.4.1964 | May 31, 1966 | |
| Georg Dievenich | 1.4.1964 | ? 1969 |
economy
Directly on the B 477 opposite the local entrance is a grain distillery , where high-percentage alcohol (over 90%) is distilled from grain . It is sold to industry as a raw material for grain brandy , for example . There is also a biogas power plant with an output of 1 MW. Here, electricity is generated from maize and manure .
Until 1960 the place had a breakpoint on the railway line from Distelrath via Nörvenich and Zülpich to Embken .
literature
- Karl Heinz Türk : St. Viktor in Hochkirchen . Ed .: Catholic parish of St. Viktor Hochkirchen. Hochkirchen 1993 (without ISBN).
- Wilfried Maria Koch, On settlement continuity in the Voreifel using the example of the church excavation in St. Viktor Hochkirchen. In: Architecture and Art in the Occident. 1992, ed. by Michael Jansen and Klaus Winands Rom 233-243
- Edmund Renard ; Paul Hartmann; "The art monuments of the Rhine Province / on behalf of the Provincial Association", The art monuments of the Düren district: with 19 panels and 227 illustrations in the text. Edited by Paul Clemen Vol. 9.1. Düsseldorf Verlag Schwann, 1910.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ https://www.noervenich.de/gemeinde/einwohnerzahlen-monatlich/20200602-Einwohnerzahlen-05-2020.pdf
- ^ Manfred Veit: Lower Rhine. Volume 1, Heroldsberg 1984, ISBN 3-7738-1060-8 , p. 216.
- ^ Edmund Renard and Paul Hartmann in Paul Clemen "The Art Monuments of the Rhine Province"
- ↑ Karl Heinz Türk with reference to: Wilfried Maria Koch, On settlement continuity in the Voreifel using the example of the church excavation in St. Viktor Hochkirchen
- ↑ Press release 1980 Church excavation Nörvenich-Hochkirchen of the Rheinisches Landesmuseum Bonn, Zülpich branch. Press release from November 20, 1980
- ↑ Günter Breuer: The place names of the Düren district, Shaker Verlag 2009, ISBN 978-3-8322-8475-6 .
- ↑ Martin Bünermann: The communities of the first reorganization program in North Rhine-Westphalia . Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Cologne 1970, p. 77 .
- ^ School chronicle of Hochkirchen, started on September 2, 1876, ending on November 30, 1966
- ^ Karl Heinz Türk, Hochkirchen - 800 years of village history in brief , 2002
- ^ Karl Heinz Türk, teacher at the former Catholic elementary schools in the Nörvenich community , 1989, Dürener Druckerei and Verlag Carl Hamel
Binsfeld | Dorweiler | Eggersheim | Eschweiler over field | Frauwüllesheim with Isweiler | Hochkirchen | Mad home | Nörvenich | Oberbolheim | Pingsheim | Poll | Rath | Rommelsheim | Wissersheim