High Castle (Bad Grönenbach)

High castle
Creation time :	around 1280
Conservation status:	receive
Place:	Bad Groenenbach
Geographical location	47 ° 52 '36 "  N , 10 ° 13' 0"  E Coordinates: 47 ° 52 '36 "  N , 10 ° 13' 0"  E

The Hohe Schloss is the landmark of the Central Swabian Kneipp health resort Bad Grönenbach in the Unterallgäu district . It stands on a steep mountain nose on the western edge of the village on a Nagelfluh rock. The High Castle in Bad Grönenbach is on the list of monuments of the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation.

history

The high castle in Bad Grönenbach is built around a Nagelfluh rock . Individual building components have been worked out from this, which can still be seen in the remains of the rock face on the first floor. In all likelihood, the oldest part of the castle was built around 1280 by Heinrich Ludwig von Rothenstein on the site of an earlier refuge . The latter served as the seat of the Lords of Grönenbach until 1260. In this first construction phase, the castle was two storeys lower than it is today. On the occasion of a castle renovation in the 1940s, three construction phases could be identified on the west side, the Nagelfluhbau from the 12th century with three rows of windows, the brick building from the 14th century with another three rows of windows and the prince's extension with a row of windows around 1700 When Ludwig von Rothenstein died , the castle came into the possession of the von Pappenheim family in 1482 . It was besieged and damaged during the Peasant War in 1525. In 1612/1613 the castle was inherited by the Fuggers of Kirchberg-Weißenhorn. In 1690 Paul Fugger had the north-eastern extension built. In 1695 the castle was returned to the Kempten prince monastery , which had previously given it as a fief . During the War of the Spanish Succession , the High Palace was stormed by Bavarian and French troops in 1703.

In 1803, the royal Bavarian regional court in Grönenbach moved into the castle, the entire interior furnishings had already been sold or auctioned at that time. In 1878 the regional court moved from the Hohen Schloss to Memmingen . In 1881 the castle came into the possession of the Hessian court photographer Wilhelm Cronenberg , and in 1901 Dominikusringenisen acquired it . In the years 1947–1951 the Ursberg sisters carried out an interior and exterior renovation of the castle. After the Ursberg sisters left, the Hohe Schloss was acquired by Markt Bad Grönenbach on December 20, 1996.

The buildings are used by the community for exhibitions, guided tours, concerts, lectures, celebrations and civil weddings. In 1998 a district teaching garden was created around the castle .

Building description

Floor plan of the basement of the High Castle in Bad Grönenbach

The shape of the castle was largely determined by its location on the Nagelfluhfelsen. The rock partly extends to the first floor. The west front of the castle is five storeys high and consists of seven window axes over a length of 37.5 meters. There is a round tower stump on the east side. The so-called Fugger annex to the east, which was added in 1690, is 20 meters long and 10 meters wide, has three storeys and is covered with a hipped roof. The south front with a length of 25 meters is divided into two parts; it has five floors to the west and four floors to the east. The 35 meter high tower on the southwest corner of the castle is round up to the third floor and then octagonal . The gate entrance is located in the south of the castle and can be reached via a modern bridge. The height from the bridge to the roof is 21 meters, the total height of the castle 40 meters. A ditch with a depth of 9 to 10 meters leads around the castle.

Interior

Ceiling stucco in the High Castle in Bad Grönenbach

The cellar below the Fugger building consists of two groin vaults . The palace chapel was originally located in the northern part of the basement. There is nothing left of the interior of the chapel in the castle. The room contains a stucco ceiling created around 1710–1720 with leaf tendrils and a large shell. The staircase with a railing made of wooden balusters was also created between 1710 and 1720. On the first floor there are some state rooms with stucco ceilings and fantastic landscape views .

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  Corner room on the first floor

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  Entrance portal from the inside

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  Washing facilities in the days of the Ursberg sisters

literature

• Georg Dehio (Gre.): Bavaria, Vol. 3: Swabia ( Handbook of German Art Monuments ). 2nd edition Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03116-6 , p. 167.
• Jochen König: "Now I can smell the house". Grönenbacher Schlösschen as the new jewel of the market town . In: The beautiful Allgäu . Vol. 60, No. 3, 1997, ZDB -ID 540138-0 , pp. 18-22.
• Jochen König: What will happen to the Grönenbach Castle? Sisters of the St. Joseph Congregation return to Ursberg . In: The beautiful Allgäu . Vol. 59, No. 8, 1996, pp. 25-28.
• Kurverwaltung Bad Grönenbach (Hrsg.): Hohes Schloss . Brochure, see also under web links
• Tilmann Breuer : City and District of Memmingen . Ed .: Heinrich Kreisel and Adam Horn. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1959, p. 114-116 .
• Karl Schnieringer: Grönenbach - Its development from taking land on the Ach to a market and Kneipp spa . Kurverwaltung Grönenbach, Grönenbach 1975, p. 28-33 .
• Joachim Zeune : Allgäu Castle Region . Holzer Druck und Medien, Eisenberg-Zell 2008, OCLC 633364235 , p. 44, 45 .

Individual evidence

1. ^ Bavarian State Office for the Preservation of Monuments : Entry D-7-78-144-13
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Tilmann Breuer; Heinrich Kreisel and Adam Horn (eds.): Stadt- und Landkreis Memmingen , p. 114.
3. ↑ ^{a b} Karl Schnieringer: Grönenbach. Its development from the land acquisition on the Ach to the market and Kneipp spa , p. 29.
4. ↑ ^{a b c d} Tilmann Breuer; Heinrich Kreisel and Adam Horn (eds.): Stadt- und Landkreis Memmingen , p. 115.
5. ↑ ^{a b} Tilmann Breuer; Heinrich Kreisel and Adam Horn (eds.): Stadt- und Landkreis Memmingen , p. 116.

Web links

Commons : Hohes Schloss  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikisource: History of the market town of Grönenbach  - sources and full texts

• Flight over the High Castle Bad Grönenbach on YouTube