Ludwig von Rothenstein

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Coat of arms of the Rothensteiners according to Scheibler's book of arms , older part (1450–1480)

Ludwig von Rothenstein (* in the 14th or 15th century; † May 8, 1482 , Leonstein Castle ) came from the noble family of Rothenstein . His possessions included the dominions of Grönenbach, Rothenstein and Kalden as a fiefdom of the prince monastery of Kempten , as well as the dominion of Theinselberg with blood jurisdiction . In the 1470s he set up several foundations in Grönenbach , including a collegiate foundation . With his death, the Rothenstein-Grönenbach line, which had been founded with his great-grandfather Ludwig "the old" von Rothenstein, became extinct. Since he died childless, he bequeathed all of his property to Heinrich von Pappenheim , the son of his sister Korona (or Corona, Kron), who was married to Haupt II. Von Pappenheim .

Life

Ludwig was the son of Konrad von Rothenstein and his second wife Hildegard von Freundsberg (Frundsberg). His exact date of birth is unknown, but he is mentioned as early as 1409 in a document in which his uncle Ulrich von Rothenstein regulates his future inheritance. He was married to Jutta von Hirnhaim († April 15, 1501), the marriage remained childless. Ludwig didn't get along very well with the other Rothenstein relatives. He was a member of the Nobility Society of Fish and took part in five tournaments in Heidelberg , Landshut and Ingolstadt . At the tournament in Heidelberg he tore off his cousin Gerwig's coat of arms because he thought he was not fit for tournament due to his marriage. When he was no longer able to run the tournament himself due to his old age, he gave his tournament kit to his cousins ​​Arbogast von Freiberg and Burkhard von Ellerbach. Heinrich von Rothenstein from Friedrich's line took a trip to Castle Leonstein to Ludwig to ask him for his tournament kit for a race in Würzburg (this was already taken) and to improve the relationship between the family members. At the 1481 tournament in Heidelberg there was a clash between Heinrich von Rothenstein with Alexander von Pappenheim and Burkhard von Ellerbach, whereupon they got into a dispute about it, as they only allowed Heinrich to go to the tournament if Heinrich and his brothers renounced Ludwig's legacy . Heinrich rejected this request "as shameful".

possession

Rothenstein Castle before it collapsed in 1873
High Castle in Bad Grönenbach
Castle ruin Leonstain , Carinthia

On the same day that his uncle Ulrich took care of his inheritance in 1409, an agreement was reached to divide Konrad's property among his three children. In addition to Ludwig, his brother Thomas and his half-sister Korona were appointed as further heirs. This division of the estate was carried out by Ulrich after Konrad's death, as he was the hereditary bailiff for the two brothers and there had been disputes between them with Korona and her husband, Head II von Pappenheim, about Konrad's inheritance. Arbitrators called in, including Duke Ulrich von Teck , Heinrich von Schellenberg zu Wagegg and Thomas von Freiberg-Angelberg, "brokered the division of the three siblings on the Thursday after Whitsun 1409". In the process, Thomas and Ludwig owned all of Konrad's “people and goods” on the right of the Iller , as well as the two castles in Rothenstein and Grönenbach , the fishing in the Iller and all cash assets. A large part of the property that came to Korona when the estate was divided was sold “on Palm Day 1412” to the two brothers Thomas and Ludwig for the amount of 5350 pounds. This affected the front and rear mountain to Kalden with all associated possessions. Excepted from this were the churches and the church set , the Vogtrecht and all possessions at Kimratshofen as well as the building yard in Kalden and the tithe of the village Altusried. When Ulrich von Rothenstein died in 1414, Korona reached an agreement with Thomas and Ludwig, as well as their guardians Heinrich von Eisenburg and Haug von Rothenstein, on Ulrich's legacy. Half of the village and the castle of Woringen , an estate in Dietratried and the Maierhof and the upper and lower mills in Wolfertschwenden fell to the two brothers . In addition, they came into possession of four estates in Oberbinnwang , one in Kornhofen , two estates in Ziegelberg and two farms in Seefeld as well as the pond in Altusried . The guardians of the two brothers sold their half in Woringen shortly afterwards to Korona and Haupt II. Von Pappenheim.

As a result, the two brothers continuously expanded their estates. In 1428 both were feudal lords of goods in Fischers , zur Kuppel and in Hochholz , all of which belonged to Altusried. Furthermore, they acquired all rights to half of Pfosen near Dietmannsried and in 1433 two houses with land in Grönenbach. In 1440 Thomas and Ludwig divided their estates among themselves. The farm and the Berg zu Kalden, including the patronage and church in Altusried, remained in joint ownership. While Thomas had his seat in Altusried, Grönenbach came to Ludwig. The fiefdom of estates in Reicholzried (1443), Leiterberg near Haldenwang (1460), Siebrazried (1465) and the wasteland of Fautzen near Zell were also jointly owned . When his brother Thomas died between 1471 and 1473, Ludwig was staying at his Leonstein Castle in Carinthia . Since Thomas was childless, Ludwig inherited all of his brother's possessions. This concerned both the estates that had come to his brother when the estate was divided in 1440, as well as the newly acquired estates from Thomas in Stripes (1468) and the two estates acquired from Raphael Ringlin in 1471 in Wetzleberg near Altusried and an estate in Kimratshofen. Ludwig also increased his own fortune considerably. In 1466 and 1474 he acquired the estate in "Stigos" ( laminates near Altusried), in 1468 rights in Pfosen, in 1470 half of the rights in an estate in Moos near Legau and in 1476 the leasable farm in Eckartsberg near Wiggensbach . In 1460 he also owned the Maierhof in Zell, of goods on the Kraiberg (1469) and Imgrünen (1475) as well as in Herbisried (1477) and in Minderbetzigau (1478).

On December 26, 1442, the later Emperor Friedrich III confirmed. that Ludwig and his brother Thomas held courts in the villages of Altusried and Grönenbach and were allowed to appoint judges and juries. In 1446, Ludwig acquired the castle stables, including the court, court and ban, in Theinselberg from Hans von Stein von Ronsberg. Ludwig von Rothenstein received the fief of the rule Theinselberg in 1465 from Duke Sigmund of Austria . With the rule of Theinselberg not only the lower jurisdiction was connected, but also the spell of blood, the "Malefizische Jurisdiction", whose costs the Upper Swabian Landvogtei had to bear. In 1476 Ludwig succeeded in detaching Theinselberg from the Austrian feudal association.

Foundations

In the village of Ittelsburg east of Grönenbach, Ludwig and Jutta probably donated the Leonhard Chapel . It can be assumed that there was a church there earlier. On the sandstone arch of the entrance door there is the Rothenstein coat of arms on the left and that of the brains on the right. In between, the year 1439 ("anno domini mccccxxxviiii") is carved in Roman numerals above the door .

  • Leonhard's Church in Ittelsburg

  • Entrance door with the Rothenstein / Hirnhaim coat of arms in the sandstone arch

In the years before his death, Ludwig set up several foundations together with his wife Jutta von Hirnhaim . On “Friday in front of St. Philippi and Jakobi, St. 12 Messenger Day, ”he founded the collegiate monastery in Grönenbach in 1479 for twelve canons and a dean . These secular priests should devote themselves to the choral service of the church and pastoral care in Grönenbach and the surrounding area. The building he erected for this purpose bears the Rothensein-Hirnhaim alliance coat of arms. On the occasion of this foundation, the parish church of St. Philip and Jacob was expanded by two aisles and rededicated to the collegiate church. As early as 1471, Jutta donated an "eternal mass" to the parish church. This came to the new foundation with the parish income from Grönenbach, Theinselberg, Herbishofen and Zell. Also in 1479, Ludwig and Jutta founded a hospital including the Holy Spirit Church to care for needy people, the sick and pilgrims.

  • Collegiate monastery established in 1479 for twelve canons and a dean

  • Hospital and hospital church in Bad Grönenbach

  • Inscription plaque at the former hospital for the Holy Spirit

death

Epitaph for Ludwig von Rothenstein

In the years before his death, Ludwig stayed mainly at his castle Leonstein in Carinthia. There he died on May 8, 1482. He was transferred to Grönenbach for burial and, at his previous request, was buried there without a helmet or shield. The Sandsteinepitaph Ludwig von Rothstein is located left of the main entrance to the Collegiate Church of St. Philip and James in Gronenbach. It is attributed to the artist Niklas Türing the Elder from Memmingen and bears the inscription:

“A o D mi 1482 on the eighth day of Mayes, the noble died. He (r) Ludwig vô rotêstain u. leostain ritt (er), stift (er) dis worthy stifts. Anno D mni 1501 on the 15th day of april sta (r) b die edl fraw iutta vô hirnhaim sun house fraw. got grace "

“In the year of the Lord 1482 on May 8th, the noble Mr. Ludwig von Rothenstein and Leonstein, knights, donors of this worthy monastery, died. In the year of the Lord 1501 on April 15th, the noble wife Jutta von Hürnheim, his housewife, died. To whom God be gracious. "

- Inscription on the epitaph and reproduction in the church guide of the Grönenbach collegiate church , 1994

His Testament , in which he his nephew Heinrich von Pappenheim - the son of his, at that time already deceased, sister Korona - wrote Ludwig began as an heir, already 1479. Since Grönebach, Rothstein and Kalden fief were, this could actually not in female descendants transferred, which led to continued disputes with his Rothenstein relatives in Ittelsburg. In the end, however, the inheritance regulation desired by Ludwig could be enforced.

literature

  • Stefan Ried, Gregor Peda : Grönenbach Collegiate Church . Ed .: Catholic Parish Office of St. Philip and James, Grönenbach. Stefan Ried. Photogr. Recordings Gregor Peda. 1994, ISBN 3-930102-83-8 .
  • Siegfried Kaulfersch: Unterallgäu district . 1st edition. tape 2 . Memminger Zeitung Verlagsdruckerei GmbH, Mindelheim 1987, ISBN 3-9800649-2-1 , p. 1010-1014 .
  • Joseph Sedelmayer: History of the market town Grönenbach . Ed .: Historical association for the overall promotion of local history of the Allgäu. Jos. Kösel'schen Buchhandlung in Kempten, Kempten 1910.
  • Johann Baptist Haggenmüller: History of the city and the lordly county of Kempten from the earliest times to their union with the Bavarian state . Tobias Daunheimer, Kempten 1840 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  • Royal Bavarian intelligence sheet of the Iller district for the administrative year 1816/1817 . Old town Kempten from Tobias Daunheimer, Kempten 1817, p. 133, 134, 137, 139, 141 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

Web links

Commons : Epitaph for Ludwig von Rothenstein  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: History of the market town of Grönenbach  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  • Joseph Sedelmayer: History of the market town Grönenbach . Ed .: Historical association for the overall promotion of local history of the Allgäu. Jos. Kösel'schen Buchhandlung in Kempten, Kempten 1910.
  1. ↑ a b p. 13
  2. ↑ a b pp. 17, 18
  3. ↑ p. 12
  4. ↑ p. 15
  5. ↑ p. 201
  6. ↑ a b p. 14
  7. ↑ p. 152
  8. ↑ p. 246
  9. ↑ p. 215
  10. ↑ p. 22
  • Johann Baptist Haggenmüller: History of the city and the lordly county of Kempten from the earliest times to their union with the Bavarian state . Tobias Daunheimer, Kempten 1840 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  1. ↑ p. 238
  2. ↑ p. 373
  3. ↑ a b p. 446
  4. ↑ pp. 237, 238
  5. ↑ pp. 238, 239
  6. ↑ p. 239
  7. ↑ a b c p. 294
  8. ↑ p. 371
  9. ↑ a b p. 372
  10. ↑ p. 444
State Archives of Bavaria
  1. ↑ Ulrich von Rotenstain ze Worringen appoints his niece Kron von Rotenstain and his nephews Thoman and Ludwig von Rotenstain as heirs with the consent of the House of Austria as fiefdoms of Woringen Castle and Abbot Fridrich von Kempten as lords of the other fiefdoms in the Augsburg State Archives (StAA, Fürststift Kempten deeds 6316), 1409, provenance: Fürststift Kempten, archive, registration signature / AZ: box: 178; Drawer: D; Number: 20; Addition: 1, old archival signature: BayHStA, Personenselect Cart. 357
  2. ^ Letter of purchase from Marshal Haupt von Pappenheim and his wife Corona von Rothenstein for Thomas and Ludwig von Rothenstein and their Vogt Ulrich von Rothenstein zu Woringen around the front and rear castle in Kalden with team and members in the Augsburg State Archives (StAA, Fürststift Kempten, archive documents 262), 1412, provenance: Fürststift Kempten, archive, registration signature: XIX lit. D n.29
  3. ↑ Paul Vischer's document, known as Biber, about his renunciation of his rights to half of the Pfosen estate in favor of the brothers Thomas and Ludwig von Rothenstein in the Augsburg State Archives (StAA, Fürststift Kempten, Archive Urkunden 367), 1428, provenance: Fürststift Kempten , Archive, registration signature: XIX lit. C n. 31
  4. ↑ Document by Peter Lang zu Riedmühle and his wife Ursula Ungelert for Thomas and Ludwig von Rothenstein about the assignment of their house in Grönenbach with the associated land due to the release of the woman from serfdom in the Augsburg State Archives (StAA, Fürststift Kempten, archive documents 418), 1433 , Provenance: Fürststift Kempten, archive, registration signature: XIX lit. C n.12
  5. ^ Document on the division of the estate from Thomas and Ludwig von Rothenstein in the Augsburg State Archives (StAA, Fürststift Kempten Urkunden 6324), 1440, provenance: Fürststift Kempten, archive, registration signature: CLXXVIII Lit. D No. 21, old archival signature: BayHStA, Personenselect Cart. 357
  6. ↑ Document on Thoman von Rotenstain certifies the division of his inheritance with his brother Ludwig in the manner described in the Augsburg State Archives (StAA, Fürststift Kempten Urkunden 6324), 1440, provenance: Fürststift Kempten, archive, registry signature: box: 178; Drawer: D; Number: 21; Addition: 1, old archival signature: BayHStA, Personenselect Cart. 357
  7. ↑ Raphael Ringlin's letter of purchase for Thomas von Rothenstein about the fiefdom of two quarter estates in Wetzleberg and two Gülten from an estate in Kimratshofen in the Augsburg State Archives (StAA, Fürststift Kempten, archive documents 933), 1471, provenance: Fürststift Kempten, archive, registration signature: XIX Lit . D n. 59
  8. ↑ deed of Hans Weiss to Oberried in the parish Dietmannsried for Ludwig von Rothstein two parts of an item to "Stigos" in the State Archives Augsburg (StAA, Imperial Abbey of Kempten, archive documents 847), 1466, provenance: Imperial Abbey of Kempten, archive, filing Signature: XIX Lit. D n.68
  9. ↑ deed of Claus Mair to [upper or lower] Opfingen for Ludwig von Rothstein is a part of an item to "Stigos" in the State Archives Augsburg (StAA, Imperial Abbey of Kempten, archive documents 973), 1474, provenance: Imperial Abbey of Kempten, archive, Registration signature: XIX Lit. D n.70
  10. ↑ deed of siblings beavers to get their rights in the fief Good Pfosen for Ludwig von Rothstein in the State Archives Augsburg (StAA, Imperial Abbey of Kempten, archive documents 872), 1468, provenance: Imperial Abbey of Kempten, archive, filing Signature: XIX ref C n 34th [!]
  11. ↑ Hans Bregetzer's purchase letter for his estate at Eckartsberg for Ludwig von Rothenstein in the Augsburg State Archives (StAA, Fürststift Kempten, archive documents 1028), 1476, provenance: Fürststift Kempten, archive, registration number: XI lit. E n. 22 [!]
  12. ↑ deed Peter Grütters to Kraiberg to Everlasting interest in his estate for Ludwig von Rothstein in the State Archives Augsburg (StAA, Imperial Abbey of Kempten, archive documents 883), 1469, provenance: Imperial Abbey of Kempten, archive, filing Signature: XIX ref C n 27th
  13. ↑ Chmel n. 1302, in: Regesta Imperii Online, in: Regesta Imperii Online. December 26, 1442, accessed on December 31, 2017 : "The brothers Thomas and Ludwig receive the right to hold and occupy courts in the villages of Altusried and Grönenbach"
  14. ↑ Document from Bishop Johann von Augsburg confirming the confirmation of the Collegiate Foundation of Grönenbach in the Augsburg State Archives (StAA, Fürststift Kempten, Archiv Urkunden 1112), 1479, provenance: Fürststift Kempten, Archiv , Registration number: XLVIII Lit. D n.1
  15. ↑ Dimensional copy of Ludwig von Rothenstein's will in the Augsburg State Archives (StAA, Fürststift Kempten, archive files 1266), 1479, provenance: Fürststift Kempten, archive, registration number: No. XLVIII Lit. D No. 2, old archival signature: BayHStA, Fürststift Kempten / NA, A 0387/1
personal data
SURNAME Rothenstein, Ludwig von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Founder of the Collegiate Foundation in Bad Grönenbach
DATE OF BIRTH 14th century or 15th century
DATE OF DEATH May 8, 1482
Place of death Leonstein Castle, Austria