Kangasala
| coat of arms | map |
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| Basic data | |
| State : |
 Finland
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| Landscape : | Pirkanmaa |
| Administrative community : | Tampere |
| Geographical location | 61 ° 28 ′ N , 24 ° 4 ′ E |
| Surface: | 649.80 km² |
| of which land area: | 489.25 km² |
| of which inland waterways: | 160.55 km² |
| Residents : | 31,676 (Dec. 31, 2018) |
| Population density : | 64.7 inhabitants / km² |
| Municipality number : | 211 |
| Language (s) : | Finnish |
| Website : | kangasala.fi |
Kangasala [ ˈkɑŋŋɑsˌʔɑlɑ ] is a city in western Finland with 31,676 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2018). It is located in the catchment area of the city of Tampere in the Pirkanmaa region .
geography
Kangasala is located in the Pirkanmaa countryside 17 km east of the city of Tampere . Neighboring towns and municipalities of Kangasala are Tampere Orivesi in the northeast, Kuhmalahti in the east, Pälkäne in the southeast, Valkeakoski in the south and Lempäälä in the southwest.
A quarter of the area of the municipality consists of inland waterways. There are a total of 220 lakes in the municipality, the largest of which are Roine , Längelmävesi and Vesijärvi . The total length of the lake shore in Kangasala is 799 km.
A number of Osers run through the municipality . The scenic beauty of the area has already attracted prominent guests in the past: for example, the Swedish King Gustav III came. and the Russian tsars Alexander I and Alexander II to Kangasala to enjoy the view of the surrounding lakes and forests from a ridge called Keisarinharju ("Kaiserhöhe") today . One of the most famous poems in Finnish literature, Kesäpäivä Kangasalla (“A Summer's Day in Kangasala”), written by Zacharias Topelius in 1853 and set to music by Gabriel Linsén in 1864 , also has the nature of Kangasala as its theme - Topelius praises the view from Haralanharju in particular.
Kangasala has three settlement centers: the church village of Kangasala with around 18,400 inhabitants, Ruutana with almost 3,000 inhabitants and the parish village of Sahalahti, which was incorporated in 2005, with around 1,300 inhabitants (both in 2005). A total of 85% of the inhabitants of the municipality live in these settlement centers, the remaining population is spread over the following 89 villages:
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coat of arms
Description : In sky blue a red harp with an eagle looking to the right as a column and neck surrounded by seven red tears.
history
The first written mention of the parish of Kangasala comes from the year 1403, it was probably founded in the course of the 14th century. The oldest, no longer preserved church building was in the area of today's Liuksiala manor. 1646–1649 the old wooden church building was demolished by Liuksiala and rebuilt in Herttuala. When the old wooden church became too cramped, a new stone church was built in its immediate vicinity between 1764 and 1767, which is still in use today.
Since the early modern period there have been several manors with extensive estates in the area of Kangasala. The manor Wääksy (Swedish Växiö ) was in 1561 after her separation from King Gustaf Johann III. his mistress Katarina Hansdotter (Finnish Kaarina Hannuntytär ) was awarded as a severance payment. After the death of King Erik XIV in 1577, his wife Karin Månsdotter (Finnish: Kaarina Maununtytär ) retired to the neighboring estate of Liuskala , where she lived until her death. Their neighborhood later gave rise to some folk tales about the rivalry between the two "beautiful Kaarinas".
In the 19th century, with the advent of tourism , Kangasala became one of the preferred travel destinations for high society due to its scenic beauty. Topelius' poem "A Summer's Day in Kangasala" contributed to this development, the popularity of which made Kangasala a kind of place of pilgrimage for the beginning Finnish national romanticism. Numerous painters came here to capture the landscape in paintings. As early as the beginning of the 19th century, Emanuel Thelning and Karl von Kügelgen , the court painter to Tsar Alexander I, had painted motifs from Kangasala, and after 1850 they were followed by painters of Finnish national romanticism , including Einar Ilmoni , Eero Järnefelt , Hjalmar Munsterhjelm and Sigurd Wettenhovi -Aspa and Magnus von Wright .
Towards the end of the 19th century, boarding schools for adult education emerged in Finland . The first school of this kind based on the Danish model was founded by Sofia Hagman in Kangasala in 1888 and was reserved exclusively for women.
During the Finnish Civil War, Kangasala came into the spotlight twice. On January 31, 1918, a group of 118 men of the white protection corps of Tampere had secretly escaped from the city ruled by the Reds to take action in the fight against the uprising. Immediately pursued by the Reds, the group, consisting mainly of students from Tampere University of Technology, was surrounded in a house in the village of Suinula, Kangasala. The trapped finally surrendered after they were assured of their integrity. When they had gathered in the courtyard, however, another group of persecutors arrived and opened fire. Before the fire could stop, 17 whites were killed and 26 injured. The incident, known as the Suinula bloodbath, played a decisive role in the brutalization of the way the parties to the civil war were treated with one another.
When the white ring of siege began to close around the city of Tampere, Kangasala was in the way of the advance of the troops led by Karl Fredrik Wilkman to Lempäälä , where the southern railway line to Tamperes was to be interrupted. From March 21 to 23, 1918, fierce fighting was fought around Kangasala. The whites occupied the church village on the evening of the 23rd after intense artillery bombardment , while the reds held the station with the support of an armored train, which they only gave up when they threatened to be encircled by an encircling movement of the whites.
With effect from January 1, 2005, the Sahalahti community was affiliated to Kangasala. The community area grew by 171.96 km², the population by around 2300 people.
politics
The strongest political force in Kangasala is the conservative National Collection Party . In the local council, it is the largest parliamentary group with 13 seats, followed by the Social Democrats with ten members. The third strongest force is the Center Party with five seats on the local council. The Kangasala Independent Voters ( Kangasalan Sitoutumattomat ) and the Christian Democrats with four, the Left Alliance with three and the Green Bund and the Basic Finns with one each are represented in the municipal council. Jukka Mäkelä has been the municipal director of Kangasala since 1991.
| Political party | 2008 election results | Seats |
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| National rally party | 29.6% | 13 |
| Social democrats | 23.2% | 10 |
| Center Party | 12.6% | 5 |
| Independent from Kangasala | 9.0% | 4th |
| Christian Democrats | 8.7% | 4th |
| Left alliance | 7.0% | 3 |
| Green covenant | 6.6% | 1 |
| Base fins | 2.5% | 1 |
The municipal coat of arms designed by Olof Eriksson shows a red harp in the silver field, the head of which is designed as an eagle , and seven red drops. The harp stands for Topelius' famous poem Kesäpäivä Kangasalla (“A summer day in Kangasala”), the drops for the legendary “weeping stone” in the north wall of the church of Kangasala.
Kangasala has twinned cities with Ejde in the Faroe Islands, Siglufjörður in Iceland , Holmestrand in Norway , Vänersborg in Sweden (since 1977) and Zülpich in Germany (since 1982).
Architectural monuments
The parish church of Kangasala, completed in 1767, is a cruciform church made of granite and limestone rubble; the tower on the west side was built in its present form after the collapse of the original tower in 1800. Since then, the church has been restored three times, in 1896 under the direction of Josef Stenbäck and then again in 1956 and 1988. A special feature is a red brick on the north outer wall of the church, the so-called "blood stone" (verikivi). It is supposed to secrete a viscous reddish liquid, which according to legend is the blood of the innocent executed virgin Kussalon Kaarina . However, this phenomenon seems to occur very seldom, if at all, because the Kangasala parish was forced by numerous inquiries from interested visitors to identify the stone with a bronze plaque. The rich interior of the church was largely brought together from various previous buildings. The oldest work of art is a wooden statue of the mourning Mother of God ( Mater Dolorosa ) dated around 1400 ; possibly the carving also depicts Saint Birgitta . Other carvings show Saint Heinrich of Uppsala and the apostle John . The magnificent baroque pulpit originally comes from the church in the village of Herttuala and is decorated with numerous iconic carvings and paintings: the pulpit is supported by a figural column designed as Christophorus , the canopy is crowned by a pelican, a traditional symbol of Christ.
A second church is located in the Sahalahti parish village. The wooden cruciform church in Empire style was completed between 1827 and 1829 according to plans by the well-known architect Carl Ludwig Engel . The free-standing church tower dates back to 1844. The church served as the parish church of Sahalahti until 2005, after which it was demoted to a chapel parish of the parish of Kangasala.
The various historical manors, including Haapaniemi, Iso-Mattila, Tursula and Sorola, are also protected as cultural landscapes. However, hardly any buildings from the years in which they were built have survived; For example, the buildings on the traditional Vääksy estate date from the late 19th and early 20th centuries. A stately pine avenue leads through a park-like landscape to the Liuksala estate; In addition to the historic agricultural buildings, the manor chapel built by Josef Stenbäck is of architectural interest.
Sons and daughters of the church
- Antti Tulenheimo (1879–1952), legal scholar and Prime Minister
- Eero Berg (1898–1969), long-distance runner
- Sulo Bärlund (1910–1986), shot putter
- Gustaf von Numers (1912–1978), heraldist
- Jukka Salmela (* 1958), speed skater
- Kari Heikkilä (* 1960), ice hockey player and coach
- Vesa Toskala (* 1977), ice hockey goalkeeper
- Riikka Lehtonen (* 1979), volleyball and beach volleyball player
- Mari Saarinen (* 1981), ice hockey player
- Antti-Jussi Miettinen (* 1983), ice hockey player
Web links
References
- ↑ Maanmittauslaitos (Finnish Land Surveyors): Suomen pinta-alat kunnittain January 1, 2010 . (PDF; 199 kB)
- ↑ Statistical Office Finland: Table 11ra - Key figures on population by region, 1990-2018
- ↑ Website of the municipality: Kangasalatietoutta (Finnish)
- ↑ Finnish monument register: Keisarinharju (Finnish)
- ↑ Regional Association Pirkanmaa ( Memento of the original from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Website of the community: Kangasalan Kylät
- ↑ Website of the parish of Kangasala: Seurakunta keskiajalla (Finnish) ( Memento of the original from September 28, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Website of the parish of Kangasala: Kangasalan kirkot (finn.) ( Memento of the original from September 28, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Pentti Virrankoski: Suomen historia 2. SKS, Helsinki 2001, ISBN 951-746-342-1 , p. 634.
- ^ Heikki Ylikangas : Tie Tampereelle. WSO, Helsinki 1993, ISBN 951-0-18897-2 , pp. 34-36
- ^ Heikki Ylikangas: Tie Tampereelle. WSO, Helsinki 1993, ISBN 951-0-18897-2 , pp. 234-238
- ↑ Finnish Ministry of Justice: Result of the 2008 local elections
- ↑ kunnat.net Suomen kuntavaakunat (Finnish)
- ↑ kangasala.fi/hallinto/matka2.html
- ↑ Kangasala Parish ( Memento of the original from April 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Finnish)
- ↑ Kangasalan kirkot ( Memento of the original from September 28, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Finnish)
