Kassel main train station
| Kassel Central Station | |
|---|---|
 Reception building with the sculpture
" Man walking to the sky " |
|
| Data | |
| Design | Terminus |
| Platform tracks | 12 |
| abbreviation | FK |
| IBNR | 8000193 |
| Price range | 2 |
| opening | 1856 |
| Profile on Bahnhof.de | Kassel_Hbf |
| Architectural data | |
| Architectural style | romantic classicism |
| architect | Thank God Engelhard |
| location | |
| City / municipality | kassel |
| country | Hesse |
| Country | Germany |
| Coordinates | 51 ° 19 '5 " N , 9 ° 29' 24" E |
| Railway lines | |
|
|
| Railway stations in Hessen | |
Kassel Hauptbahnhof is in the western center of the north Hessian city of Kassel befindlicher railhead . Long-distance trains do not run via Kassel main station , but via Kassel-Wilhelmshöhe station , 4 km further to the west .
history
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The station was built between 1851 and 1856 according to designs by the Hessian chief architect Gottlob Engelhard in the style of romantic classicism for the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Nordbahn (routes to Warburg and Baunatal / Gerstungen ), the Hannöversche Südbahn (to Hann. Münden ) and the Main-Weser -Bahn (to Frankfurt / M. ) Built. The model was the train station in Munich. The facility was expanded at the beginning of the 20th century through modifications and extensions.
During the Second World War , the station building was badly damaged by the air raids on Kassel . From 1952 to 1960 a modern reconstruction was carried out while maintaining the historical substance on the platform side according to plans by Friedrich Bätjer . From 1968 to 2005, the Kassel tram ran underground as an underground tram at the Hauptbahnhof underground station .
Long-distance transport
Up until the Second World War, Kassel's main train station was an important national and regional hub for railway traffic, which was primarily oriented in an east-west direction. Due to the German division but it was close to the inner German border off the now mainly about the north-south distance of about Hannover Göttingen to Bebra extending relations in the long-distance passenger traffic .
Therefore, its design as a head station was operational for a long time regarded as unsatisfactory and it emerged again and again remodeling plans, which also affected the supply routes. High costs, the construction time and a presumed poor feasibility led to the fact that proposals for an underground through station under the above-ground terminus station were ultimately rejected in favor of the peripheral station Wilhelmshöhe.
In the course of the implementation of the high-speed line Hanover-Würzburg project for high-speed traffic in the 1980s , the Kassel-Wilhelmshöhe station was expanded to become a new long-distance station , whereby the main station lost its previous importance for long-distance passenger transport with the completion of the new long-distance station in 1991. Up until the 2003 timetable, however, the morning and evening Intercity services on the Karlsruhe – Hamburg– (Westerland / –Stralsund) line served Kassel Hbf station, as they began and ended here. Since then, Kassel-Wilhelmshöhe has also been the departure and destination station for these trains.
Kulturbahnhof
In 1995 the station was completely renovated and designed as a " cultural station ". Thus arose next to art galleries , the "Center of Architecture and gastronomy Caricatura " as a museum for comic art and with the reopening of the BA hnhofs LI chtspiele two cinemas . In addition, the media project center Offener Kanal Kassel has its studio in the building. For the documenta X (1997), new rooms in the south wing were created as exhibition areas, which are used as a conference center and the independent art scene and have served the Louis Spohr Society as a museum location since 2009 after renewed renovation. In the area of Franz-Ulrich-Straße , a young start-up scene has begun to establish itself in the old Deutsche Bundesbahn plant with the news office .
The freight yard, which was demolished in 2014, was located on the north side of the station area. The city of Kassel bought the area of the former freight yard in September 2013 from Deutsche Bahn AG. A commercial area is to be built on the 60,000 m² site. Around 32,000 m² of this is earmarked for the Fraunhofer Institute for Wind Energy and Energy System Technology (IWES), which is to have a new central location in Kassel by 2018.
Forecourt
The conversion of the main train station into a cultural site was recognized as a "global project" by EXPO 2000 . On the forecourt is the work of art “ Man walking to the sky ” by Jonathan Borofsky , which the city of Kassel bought ; it was an exhibit from documenta IX . Today's Rainer-Dierichs-Platz (originally Bahnhofsplatz ) was redesigned in 2006 after two announced urban planning competitions and the complex low-level connection for the RegioTram system , and since then has had a green plateau area that descends towards the Bahnhofsviertel through concrete steps. The facade of the north wing is to be renovated after several years of scaffolding.
South wing and hall
The area of the track field on the south wing has been secured as a succession area since 1997 by the work of art "That about plants - is one with them" by Lois Weinberger . It shows that new life can flourish from what is already there if you just respect it. It was originally the track for the luggage and mail transport trains (track 1). In the time of National Socialism , the deportations of Kassel citizens went from here to the labor and concentration camps . Up until a few years ago, the company kitchen of the Deutsche Bundesbahn was located opposite.
In the area of the cross platform there is a baggage car trailer from a history-remembrance project, in which small stones - with the name of a Jewish fellow citizen - were collected in metal boxes and serve as a reminder of deportation and destruction. This project was developed jointly by pupils from Kassel schools. In the late 1990s, the dream dancer variety festival took place here, which was broadcast by the Hessischer Rundfunk and later took place again in the old Henschelei's hammer mill in Rothenditmold .
RegioTram
On September 1, 2004, construction work for the RegioTram based on the Karlsruhe model began with a symbolic act in the main station . The double-track tram tunnel section under the main station with the stop of the same name , which was opened in 1962, was shut down in spring 2005. In the main station, the previous tracks 4 and 5 were dismantled in order to build the three platform tracks that are now inclined. Track 6 of the main train station was also assigned to the RegioTram and swiveled to the ramp with the new platforms. Located to the east of the system changeover point, this track is only used by the Regiotram trains, whereby the platform edge usually remains unused. An above-ground sweeping system spanned by a direct current contact line was set up between tracks 4 and 5. The RT 4 line from Wolfhagen has been running through the new 170 m long tunnel since mid-August 2007. In December 2007, full operation with four lines (RT 3, 4, 5 and 9) began.
The RegioTram stop Hauptbahnhof has three tracks with two central platforms and is 110 m long. It has gradients between 35 and 37 per thousand. Passengers can be switched on both sides of platform 5.
A RegioTram -Zug line RT 1 leaves the tunnel under the head building over the Ostrampe.
RegioTram platforms
Regiotram sweeping system between tracks 4 and 5
Buildings and urban development connections
_Veranstaltungsorte-by-OlafKosinsky92.JPG)
The original building was built in 1854–57 by the master builder August Eggena (1809–1887) based on a template by Gottlob Engelhard , but was badly hit in the Second World War. From 1949, the Reichsbahnbaurat Friedrich Bätjer dealt with a reconstruction. He did not live to see the completion of his work as he died of the long-term effects of his war injury. The decision to reconstruct the platform side, but to completely rebuild the side facing the city, was unusual for that time. One reason could have been the urban connection, as the adjacent Hotel Reiss was also newly built. The station restaurant was designed by Arnold Bode and Paul Bode .
Since 1953, the train station has been directly connected to the city center by the newly created pedestrian zone “ stairs street” (as an extension of Kurfürstenstraße).
Later the filigree windows with steel frames were replaced by thick-walled plastic windows, so that the effect of the otherwise well-preserved building is falsified.
The last major construction project was the closure of the underground station built in the 1960s for the tram and the underground connection of the RegioTram.
Connection
Long-distance transport
The main train station in Kassel lost its long-distance traffic connection after the construction of the Kassel-Wilhelmshöhe train station in 1991. After that, the station was only used for a few long-distance trains as a terminus and overnight storage station ; however, since the 2013/14 timetable there has been no longer any scheduled long-distance traffic in Kassel main station.
Regional traffic
DB Regio and HLB run to Frankfurt via Gießen approx. Every two hours , plus individual trips by the DB subsidiary Kurhessenbahn to Bad Wildungen and Schwalmstadt-Treysa . The Cantus Verkehrsgesellschaft operates every hour in the direction of Göttingen via Eichenberg and Fulda via Bebra .
The main train station is the central point of the Regiotram Kassel . From here the trains coming from the tram network run every half hour to Hofgeismar ( Warburg-Kassel railway ), Zierenberg ( Volkmarsen – Vellmar-Obervellmar railway , once an hour to Wolfhagen ) and Melsungen. Another Regiotramlinie ran every hour to Treysa ( Main-Weser-Bahn ), it was replaced in December 2015 by trains of the Hessische Landesbahn .
Formerly, passenger traffic on the Kassel – Waldkappel line and, for a time, the Kassel – Naumburg line also led to the main station.
Local transport
The regional bus and city bus routes stop at various islands around the station square. For several years, the final and break stop for the regional buses was in the area of the former turning loop on Ottostraße / Grüner Weg. This is where the last tram stops of lines 4 and 8 to Bettenhausen were located, as well as the exit of the underground track that was originally used by lines 6 and 7. Both this terminus, which has been called the Police Headquarters for a number of years , and the rest of the route to Lutherplatz are only served by trams during diversions. Since 2015, the regional bus route 32 has started at the Fraunhofer Institut stop northwest of the main train station , the city bus route 17 and the regional bus route 37 followed in the course of 2016. These lines also serve the stop Hauptbahnhof Nord , which is located directly at the northern entrance of the main train station is located. Since the introduction of the new KVG line network in March 2018, the underground station, which was previously only served by the RegioTram lines, has also been served by tram line 7 on weekends.
See also: Tram Kassel , RegioTram Kassel
Web links
- Tracks in service facilities (FK) , DB Netz AG (PDF)
- The main train station before World War II
- KulturBahnhof-Kassel
- The only German “Kulturbahnhof” turns ten years old
- The 2008 redesigned forecourt of Kassel's main train station with a sky-rocker (360 ° x 180 ° spherical panorama) ( Flash ; 3.0 MB)
Individual evidence
- ^ Siegfried Lohr : Planning and buildings by the Kassel master builder Julius Eugen Ruhl 1796–1871. A contribution to the building history of Kassel and Kurhessen in the 19th century . Masch. Diss. Darmstadt [1982], p. 329.
- ↑ Folckert Lüken-Isberner: Kassel railway station in the urban fabric - unknown plans of the 20th century . In: Lutz Münzer (Ed.): From the dragon to the RegioTram. Railway history in the Kassel region . Kassel 2014. ISBN 978-3-933617-56-9 , pp. 101-108.
- ↑ Edmund Mühlhans, Georg Speck: Problems of the terminal stations and possible solutions from today's perspective . In: International Transport . tape 39 , no. 3 , 1987, ISSN 0020-9511 , pp. 190-200 .
- ^ "Buildings of the Kassel freight station are demolished" , HNA of October 30, 2014, accessed on December 26, 2014.
- ↑ "Location development for energy system technology at the north side of the main station" on the city of Kassel website, accessed on December 26, 2014.
- ↑ Renovation of the main train station: Delay on scaffolding , HNA from September 20, 2012, accessed on September 16, 2013.
- ↑ a b Achim Uhlenhut: North Hessian RegioTram . In: Verkehr und Technik , Issue 1/2005, pp. 3–9, ISSN 0340-4536 .
- ↑ Alexander Koch: Hotels, restaurants, café and bar rooms, p . 306.1951 . In: Verkehr und Technik , Issue 1/2005, pp. 3–9, ISSN 0340-4536 .
