Kavala
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Municipality of Kavala Δήμος Καβάλας (Καβάλα) |
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| Basic data | |||
| State : |
 Greece
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| Region : | East Macedonia and Thrace | ||
| Regional District : | Kavala | ||
| Geographic coordinates : | 40 ° 56 ' N , 24 ° 24' E | ||
| Area : | 350.61 km² | ||
| Residents : | 70,501 (2011) | ||
| Population density : | 201.1 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Post Code: | 640 03 - 655 00 | ||
| Community logo: |
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| Seat: | Kavala | ||
| LAU-1 code no .: | 0501 | ||
| Districts : | 2 parishes | ||
| Local self-government : |
4 city districts 10 local communities |
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| Website: | kavala.gov.gr | ||
| Location in the region of East Macedonia and Thrace | |||
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Kavala ( Greek Καβάλα ( f. Sg. )) Is a trading and port city and municipality ( Dimos Kavalas Δήμος Καβάλας) in northern Greece in the administrative region of East Macedonia and Thrace directly on the Gulf of Thasos (Gulf of Kavala) of the Thracian Sea . The second largest municipality in the region after Drama has around 70,500 inhabitants. It owns the main port of Eastern Macedonia and has a commercial airport located about 30 km east of the city , which is mainly used for domestic flights and tourist charter traffic. The twin city in Germany has been Nuremberg since 1998 .
history
Kavala was founded in the 7th century BC. Chr. Of Greek inhabitants of the neighboring island of Thasos as Neapolis . This settlement and its surrounding area played a special role within the Thasitic Peraia . To the west it was bordered in the coastal area by the fortified Thasitic settlement of Antisara , today's district of Kalamitsa / Kavala, and to the east by the walled Thasitic settlement of Nea Karvali . Neapolis was the only Thai settlement on the mainland to gain independence from the colonial power of Thasos in 411 BC. BC. Neapolis became prosperous through silver and gold mining in the Lekanis Mountains. Linked to this was the early introduction of its own currency, which promoted its political and economic independence from the metropolis of Thasos. 168 BC In BC Neapolis was raised to the status of a city ( civitas ). In the Byzantine era it was renamed Christopolis (Christ City). The Venetians fortified the Panaghia peninsula with a castle during their brief occupation. The current name Kavala comes from its meaning as an important post station where the horses (Italian "cavallo") were changed on the Via Egnatia .
In 49, Paul of Tarsus went ashore in what is now Kavala and founded the first Christian church on European soil in Philippi . Around 1900 Kavala was a rather insignificant settlement with about 6000 inhabitants. Kavala was part of the Ottoman Empire ( Ottoman Empire ) from 1371 to 1912.
Muhammad Ali Pascha , the founder of the dynasty that ruled Egypt until 1953 (→ Dynasty of Muhammad Ali ), was born here around 1770. In 1817 he donated the construction of Imaret , an ensemble of mosque, Koran school and poor food house located on the city wall of the Panaghia peninsula with a view of the harbor below. The historical oriental building with its domed roofs, chimneys, vaults, cisterns and inner courtyards was renovated true to the original in 2004 and is now an architectural sight that houses a hotel.
Suleyman I the Magnificent restored the aqueduct from Roman times , a two-story arch structure, which shapes the silhouette of the city as well as the castle today. After the Greco-Turkish War in 1922, Greek emigrants from Asia Minor settled in Kavala and founded villages in the area, where they also began to grow tobacco . Through the processing and shipping of the tobacco, Kavala gained a certain importance.
Between 1941 and 1944, the headquarters of the Bulgarian Aegean fleet was located in Kavala .
structure
Since the administrative reform in 2010 , in which the neighboring municipality Filippi was incorporated, the community Kavala is divided in two municipal districts and these in 12 villages, with those over 2,000 residents than urban community (Dimotiki kinotita), smaller than local community (topiki kinotita) referred become. The population figures come from the results of the 2011 census.
- Municipality of Kavala - Δημοτική Ενότητα Καβάλας - 58,790 inhabitants
- Kavala District - Δημοτική Κοινότητα Καβάλας - 56,371 inhabitants
- Kavala Καβάλα - 54,027 inhabitants
- Agios Syllas - Άγιος Σύλλας - 101 inhabitants
- Aspri Ammos - Άσπρη Άμμος - 48 inhabitants
- Palio Tsifliki - Παλιό Τσιφλίκι - 2.195 inhabitants
- Sanatorio - Σανατόριο - uninhabited
- Municipality of Nea Karvali - Δημοτική Κοινότητα Νέας Καρβάλης - 2,225 inhabitants
- Nea Karvali - Νέα Καρβάλη - 2,160 inhabitants
- Ano Lefki - Άνω Λεύκη - 17 inhabitants
- Lefki - Λεύκη - 48 inhabitants
- Local community Chalkero - Τοπική Κοινότητα Χαλκερού - 194 inhabitants
- Kavala District - Δημοτική Κοινότητα Καβάλας - 56,371 inhabitants
- Filippi municipality - Δημοτική Ενότητα Φιλίππων - 11,711 inhabitants
- Krinides district - Δημοτική Κοινότητα Κρηνίδων - 3,365 inhabitants
- Municipality of Zygos - Δημοτική Κοινότητα Ζυγού - 2,057 inhabitants
- Zygos - Ζυγός - 2,057 inhabitants
- Neo Zygos - Νέο Ζυγός - 572 inhabitants
- Local community Amygdaleon - Τοπική Κοινότητα Αμυγδαλεώνος - 2,724 inhabitants
- Local community Filippi - Τοπική Κοινότητα Φιλίππων - 894 inhabitants
- Local community Koryfes - Τοπική Κοινότητα Κορυφών - 38 inhabitants
- Local community Kryoneri - Τοπική Κοινότητα Κρυονερίου - 690 inhabitants
- Local community Limnia - Τοπική Κοινότητα Λιμνιών - 182 inhabitants
- Limnia - Λημνιά (Λιμνιά) - 35 inhabitants
- Vounochori - Βουνοχώρι - 106 inhabitants
- Lykostomo - Λυκόστομο - 41 inhabitants
- Local community Lydia - Τοπική Κοινότητα Λυδίας - 808 inhabitants
- Local community Palea Kavala - Τοπική Κοινότητα Παλαιάς Καβάλας - 108 inhabitants
- Local community Polynero - Τοπική Κοινότητα Πολυνέρου - 25 inhabitants
- Polynero - Πολύνερο - 18 inhabitants
- Kranochori - Κρανοχώρι - 7 inhabitants
- Local community Polystylo - Τοπική Κοινότητα Πολυστύλου - 820 inhabitants
- Polystylo - Πολύστυλο - 420 inhabitants
- Dato - Δάτο - 310 inhabitants
- Mikrochori (Ano Dato) - Μικροχώρι (Άνω Δάτο) - 90 inhabitants
The core city of Kavala is divided into the following districts:
- Center (Κέντρο)
- Agia Varvara (Αγία Βαρβάρα)
- Agios Athanasios (Άγιος Αθανάσιος)
- Agios Ioannis (Άγιος Ιωάννης)
- Agios Loukas (Άγιος Λουκάς)
- Chilia (Χιλια)
- Dexameni (Δεξαμενή)
- Kalamitsa (Καλαμίτσα)
- Neapoli (Νεάπολη)
- Panagia (Παναγία)
- Perigiali (Περιγιάλι)
- Profitis Iliad (Προφήτης Ηλίας)
- Timios Stavros (Τίμιος Σταυρός)
- Vyrona (Βύρωνας)
- Kipoupoli (Κηπούπολη)
Population development
| year | Residents | change | Urban residents | change |
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| 1981 | 56,705 | |||
| 1991 | 56,571 | −136 / −0.24% | 60.187 | |
| 2001 | 63,774 | 3.587 / 5.96% |
Twin cities
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Gabrovo Bulgaria , since 1975 -
Gradiška , Bosnia and Herzegovina , since 1994 -
Nuremberg , Germany , since 1999
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Friendship contracts exist with
- Agadir , Morocco , since 2001
- Martuni , Armenia , since 2001
- Tekirdağ , Turkey , since 2003
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Goze Deltschew , Bulgaria , since 2003 -
Vranje , Serbia , since 2009
sons and daughters of the town
- Muhammad Ali Pascha (1770–1849), Egyptian viceroy
- Vasilis Vasilikos (* 1934), Greek writer
- Giorgos Krommidas (* 1936), Greek-German writer
- Sakis Papadimitriou (* 1940), musician and publicist
- Theodoros Zagorakis (* 1971), Greek football player
- Georgios Georgiadis (* 1972), Greek football player
- Zisis Vryzas (* 1973), Greek national football player
- Johnny Challah (* 1979), Greek comedian
- Charilaos Pappas (* 1983), Greek football player
- Konstantinos Mitroglou (* 1988), Greek football player
Tourist sights
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- Saint Nicholas Church with the Paul monument
- Port with ferry connections to Thassos and Limnos
- two-story Roman aqueduct (the Kamares ), reconstructed by Suleyman I the Magnificent in the 16th century
- Fort ( citadel ) from Byzantine times (approx. 16th century ) in place of the ancient acropolis
- Imaret Former old people's and student home, bath (hammam), mosque and feeding for the poor with domes and several inner courtyards, converted into a luxury hotel
- Birthplace of the Pasha Mehmet Ali, founder of the last Egyptian royal dynasty
- Marienkirche from the 15th century
- Panagia the old Turkish quarter with steep streets
- Nestos
traffic
Kavala is a traffic hub in road, sea and air transport.
Road traffic
The National Highway 2 runs through the town from the west ( Thessaloniki ) to the east ( Xanthi , Komotini , Alexandroupoli ). The national road 12 leads northwest to Drama and Serres . The European route 90 , which used to run congruently with the national road 2, now runs with the highway 2 (Egnatia Odos) around Kavala. So far there is only one toll station in the district of Kavala (Moustheni on the route of the Egnatia Odos motorway, the toll for cars is EUR 2.40)
air traffic
To the southeast of the city (about 25 km from the city center and 15 km from the port and seaside resort of Keramoti) lies the international airport Alexander the Great (in Greek Megas Alexandros ) on the Nestos plain near Chrysoupolis .
Military airfield
The military airfield Kavala Amygdaleónas ( ICAO : LGKM ), which is eight kilometers northeast of the city near Amygdaleónas , was opened in 1938 and was the commercial airport of Kavala (National Airport Kavala) from 1952 to 1981. The asphalt runway with an orientation of 14/32 is 1,570 m long and 30 m wide. The military airfield is at an altitude of 61 m (203 ft) above sea level .
Shipping
The picturesque port of Kavala serves u. a. the ferry traffic to the islands of Thassos and Limnos , traditionally houses a small fishing port and meanwhile also a larger number of sailing boats and yachts. It is named after the apostle Paul.
The new trading port was gradually outsourced to the east and named after Philip II of Macedonia. It can be reached via the motorway junction (No. 32) of the Egnatia Odos motorway (Kreuz Kavala-West, Nea Karvali, Phillip B)
Kavala has no rail connection. As in many regions of Greece, intercity buses (KTEL Kavalas) ensure long-distance public transport.
economy
The state energy supplier DEI planned to build a new 1,600 MW coal-fired power plant together with the German energy group RWE . There were protests against this. This project was shelved after 2008, both because of the citizens' protests and because of the alternative solutions in the context of the national limitation of fossil fuels, the boom in photovoltaic systems in 2008-2012 and the regional policy of the administrative region of East Macedonia and Thrace with the construction of the gas power plant in Komotini (485 MW).
Climate table
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Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Kavala
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Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Results of the 2011 census at the National Statistical Service of Greece (ΕΛ.ΣΤΑΤ) ( Memento from June 27, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (Excel document, 2.6 MB)
- ↑ Atanas Panayotov, M. Krastewa: Българските военноморски сили 1879 - 2006 г. (German history of the Bulgarian Navy), Varna, 2006, p. 172ff.
- ↑ Heike Schrader: RWE on a shopping spree . Junge Welt , March 4, 2008, accessed April 18, 2017.
- ↑ Οι μονάδες στην Ελλάδα. In: ohiallokarvouno.gr. Retrieved May 3, 2016 (Greek).