Kirchberg-Schlössl

Kirchberg-Schlössl
Kirchberg-Schlössl in April 2012
Data
place	Kirchberg , Bad Reichenhall
Client	Christian Kastner Peter von Waltern
Architectural style	Baroque
Construction year	16th Century
height	471 m
Floor space	455 m²
Coordinates	47 ° 43 '8.2 "  N , 12 ° 52' 2.3"  E Coordinates: 47 ° 43 '8.2 "  N , 12 ° 52' 2.3"  E

The Kirchberg-Schlössl is a building in Bad Reichenhall .

The Schlössl is a listed building and is registered under the number D-1-72-114-198 in the Bavarian monument list.

history

At the current location of the Schlössl there was probably a chapel as early as the 8th century, which was consecrated by Archbishop Konrad I in 1130 and endowed with a fief . It is assumed that 150 to 200 people lived in the vicinity of the chapel in the following centuries and that the chapel was expanded into a church without a tower. During the renovation work in 1981, the remains of a Gothic frieze were found on the north facade. This and bone finds south of the church indicate that there was also a Christian cemetery near the church, which is probably where the name Kirchberg (church on the mountain) comes from.

In the 15th century the church was left to decay and the patronage was subsequently transferred to the church in Nonn . In place of the church, the noblemen's house was built, which was owned by Leonhard Kastner by 1540 at the latest. The building changed hands several times until the 1680s. Between 1682 and 1685 the house chapel, which can be reached via the first floor of the house and an outside staircase, was added by Paris Zehentner.

On August 11, 1691, the noble house was first called the Schlössl.

Weather vane with the year 1728 over the chapel

In 1723 Peter von Waltern bought the property in Kirchberg and converted it. He had his coat of arms affixed with the year 1723 and the building was redesigned in Baroque style . He also had the two dwelling houses , a gallery in the chapel and the three corner turrets built. The south-eastern turret is also the bell tower for the chapel, the other two with blind sound openings above the eastern and northern facade were probably built because of symmetrical aspects. The year 1728 in the chapel indicates that the renovation work was completed that year. Von Waltern died in 1747, and in the same year his widow had a way of the cross built from the castle chapel to the Kirchberg.

Between 1764 and 1864 the Schlössl changed hands several times. Josef Wagnerberger and later Franz Niederhauser were both butchers, one of them had the butcher's house built to the northwest of the Schlössl and one of the two also gave the name for the Metzger-Au an der Saalach, south of today's Kretabrücke, back to one of the two .

On June 30, 1864, Dr. Eugen Pachmayr, doctor and councilor and his wife Katharina run the castle estate including the butcher's house. The butcher's house was built from scratch as Villa Luise and was used by Dr. Pachmayr as a doctor's practice. Some modifications were also made to the castle and it formed the heart of the bathing business in Kirchberg.

During the First World War , the number of guests in Bad Reichenhall and Kirchberg fell considerably, and hospitals were set up in many spa guest houses and hotels . There was also a military hospital in Kirchberg-Schlössl, which was operated until 1921. When the Kurhaus was sold to the Bavarian Association of Officials in 1924, the health resort in Kirchberg finally ended.

During and after the Second World War , refugees were housed in the Schlössl, and various items of furniture from the Schlössl and chapel are said to have disappeared during this time. Armor from the castle is said to have been thrown onto the street by crew members at the end of the war in 1945 and then disappeared.

On June 8, 1972, the Schöndorfer family acquired the Schlössl and the Kirchberg spring from the heirs of the Pachmayr family. The building, which was in a very poor structural condition, was renovated in several stages, taking into account the preservation of historical monuments. Between 1980 and 1981, among other things, the exterior facades were newly plastered, stucco and window frames were restored and the image of the Virgin Mary on the portal side was restored. In 1988 the building was converted into a restaurant, and shortly afterwards the Schweizer Stuben moved from Nonner Straße to the renovated Schlössl. In order to meet the requirements of a restaurant, the interior was redesigned in coordination with the State Office for Monument Preservation . The floor on the ground floor was lowered by about one meter, equipped with underfloor heating and covered with marble slabs from the Fager Brunn House . The staircase to the apartments on the first floor was moved to the west side and the living rooms were adapted to modern requirements and equipped with contemporary technology.

Today there is a pizzeria in the Schlössl, which was already the successor to the Schweizer Stuben in the guest rooms on Nonner Straße .

History of the house chapel

Access to the house chapel

The first application by the then owner of the landed property in Kirchberg , Paris Zehentner, in 1672 was rejected by Provost Bernhard from the St. Zeno monastery . The provost gave the reason that in addition to the parish church of the monastery there were eleven other subsidiary churches in his parish, "some of which had such poor incomes and assets that they could hardly be maintained with the necessary church paraphernalia." According to this, the existing churches did further damage, since "experience teaches that the newly built houses of worship would be given more than the old ones." It was also feared that Zehentner would not cost much for the chapel and that it would have to be maintained by other people which would have led to the departure of the previous chapel in Kirchberg. A request to Zehentner's “Prince and Lord” was rejected in August 1673 with the same reason as from St. Zeno.

In 1682, Zehentner was allowed to have mass read regularly for himself, his wife and his servants in a suitable room that was "separated from worldly things". Zehentner's state of health no longer allowed him to go to church services in St. Nikolaus , St. Johannes or St. Aegidien in Reichenhall. After Zehentner's death, this permission was renewed to his widow, again tied to her person and for life.

In 1691 the new owner of the Schlössl, Johann Franz von Niedern, also received a corresponding permit to have a church service held in the house. This applies to him and his family as well as to the domestic servants, while the remaining servants had to visit a parish church in Reichenhall. After the Niederns license had expired with his death in 1714, the new owner Johann Michael Perkhammer tried to revive it from 1722. His request was granted in 1724, and in this context there is talk of a separate sacristy for the first time .

After Peter von Waltern and renovation bought the Schlössl in the autumn of 1724, he carried out extensive renovations. Whether he had today's chapel added to the castle or significantly changed the existing one can no longer be clearly clarified today. It is certain that von Waltern had the corner towers built on the Schlössl, one of which serves as the bell tower for the chapel.

After the Schöndorfer family acquired the Schlössl in the 1970s, the chapel was also extensively renovated and renovated.

description

The Kirchbergschlössl is marked with the year 1713, but is essentially much older. The two-story baroque building has a rectangular floor plan and is adorned with three corner turrets. The hipped roof is divided into two dwelling houses , the facade of the house is decorated with stucco .

The house chapel St. Anna , which is marked with the year 1725, adjoins the south side . The corner tower of the Schlössl also serves as a bell tower at this corner.

Construction and furnishing of the house chapel

The St. Anna Chapel is a Gothic- style, rectangular building with a 3⁄8 end in the south and two rectangular windows in the east and west walls of the nave . In the past, public access was where the east window is today; today you enter the chapel via the sacristy . At the beginning of the vault of the chapel there is a stucco molding with multiple sections . The vault itself is covered with rococo stucco , the latticework is criss-crossed with bouquets of flowers and flower bodies, yellow, pink and green tones determine the coloring. A double cartridge is mounted above the altar . The stucco probably comes from Joseph Höpp from Burghausen. The fresco in the middle of the vault shows the meeting of Mary with Elisabeth, Zacharias and Joseph, on the right in the background the rising sun and the riding donkey. On the north side of the chapel there is an atrium that opens to the east to the sacristy and in the west used to allow access from the castle. The anteroom is equipped with a raised box that has its own entrance from the castle. Above the box are the family coats of arms of Walterns and his wife as well as the baron's crown and the year 1728, which presumably marks the completion of the work on the chapel. On the parapet of the gallery a baroque painting in a wooden frame with the Annunciation by the Archangel Gabriel to Mary.

The altar on the front wall dates from the end of the 17th century. Since a report from 1722 about the furnishings in the chapel only mentions a cross, the altar probably does not come from the previous chapel. The altar follows a Gothic structure with a predella , central niche, side wings and the crowning extension . The altar is designed in Renaissance forms , the columns are covered with vines, leaves and grapes, the canopy above the central niche is decorated with carvings. The figures on the altar were still changed in the 20th century, today the central figure is the painful Savior with scourge wounds, a crown of thorns and a reed scepter in the niche; as assistants are St. Joseph on the left and St. Joachim on the right.

On the side of the altar between the windows four canvas pictures in wooden frames with portraits of the four evangelists. St. Luke on the east wall , St. Matthew on the south-east side to the left of the altar , St. Mark on the south-west side on the right of the altar and St. John on the west side .

Other works of art in the chapel are a monastery work with a wax picture in the middle in a gilded wooden frame, a complete indulgence , granted by Pope Pius VI, confirmed by the St. Zeno monastery on July 20, 1798, three canon tables in a classicist frame and three baroque pictures in Wooden frame and carved essays with the martyrdom of St. Bishop Erasmus , the portrait of St. Judas Thaddäus and St. Abbess Walburga von Eichstätt . The offering box with the essay by Anna Selbdritt takes up the original motif of the altar. In the anteroom hangs an epitaph picture on wood with the resurrection of Christ.

The baroque stalls are likely from the time the chapel was built. The door to the sacristy and the cabinets there date from the 18th century. In the little tower of the chapel hang two bells, one cast in 1726 by the Salzburg bell caster Johann Häckl, the second in 1765 by Carl-Wolfgang Gugg, also from Salzburg. In 1966 and 1967, the chapel was completely renovated by the church painters Georg Gschwendtner and Franz Nefzger in cooperation with the State Office for Monument Preservation.

location

Information boards about the Schlössl and Kirchberg Castle

The Kirchberg-Schlössl is located in the Bad Reichenhall district of Kirchberg, west of the elevation on which Kirchberg Castle was located in the 12th century . The exact address is Thumseestraße 11, directly at the confluence of Nonner Straße and Thumseestraße.

The Kirchberger Mühlbach flowed directly past the eastern facade of the Kirchberg-Schlössl until the early 20th century.

literature

• Georg W. Schöndorfer: The Kirchberg-Schlössl in Bad Reichenhall and its historical surroundings ; Verlag A. Plenk KG, Berchtesgaden
• Johannes Lang : History of Bad Reichenhall. Ph.CW Schmidt, Neustadt / Aisch 2009, ISBN 978-3-87707-759-7

Web links

Commons : Kirchberg-Schlössl  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h} Georg W. Schöndorfer: The Kirchberg-Schlössl in Bad Reichenhall and its historical surroundings , p. 110ff
2. ↑ Georg W. Schöndorfer: The Kirchberg-Schlössl in Bad Reichenhall and its historical surroundings , p. 113
3. ↑ Georg W. Schöndorfer: The Kirchberg-Schlössl in Bad Reichenhall and its historical environment , p. 189f
4. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Georg W. Schöndorfer: The Kirchberg-Schlössl in Bad Reichenhall and its historical surroundings , pp. 138–154
5. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Dr. Walter Brugger in: Georg W. Schöndorfer: The Kirchberg-Schlössl in Bad Reichenhall and its historical surroundings; Room and furnishings of St. Anna , pp. 155–177