Chamberlain's War Government

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Chamberlain on September 29, 1938 in Munich ( Munich Agreement )

The war government Chamberlain ( English Chamberlain ministry ) under Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain ruled the United Kingdom at the time of seat war on September 3, 1939 to May 10, 1940. She was born from the transformation of the 1937 ruling also under Chamberlain fourth National Government on Days of the UK's entry into World War II and was dominated by Conservative politicians. It existed in the House of Commons until Chamberlain's resignation as a result of the Norwegian debate and was replaced by Churchill's wartime government.

history

With Great Britain's declaration of war on the German Reich on September 3, 1939, Chamberlain reorganized his existing government to align it with the needs of the war. The most serious changes from the fourth National Government were the appointment of Winston Churchill as First Lord of the Admiralty (Minister of the Navy) and the return of Anthony Eden to the government (as Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs ). Thomas Inskip, 1st Viscount Caldecote became the new Lord Chancellor in place of Frederic Maugham, 1st Viscount Maugham . Sir John Anderson moved to the post of Home Secretary , where he replaced Samuel Hoare , who moved to the post of Lord Seal Keeper .

War Cabinet

In addition, Chamberlain formed a smaller war cabinet , as David Lloyd George had led during the First World War . In addition to Chamberlain, this included:

Hore-Belisha was replaced by Oliver Stanley as Secretary of War in January 1940 . In the course of a major government reshuffle in early April 1940, Samuel Hoare exchanged office with Kingsley Wood.

List of public officials

(Cabinet ministers appear in bold , members of the war cabinet in italics .)

Office Surname Political party Duration, if different Remarks
Prime Minister ,
First Lord of the Treasury ,
Leader of the House of Commons
Neville Chamberlain   Conservative
Lord Chancellor Thomas Inskip, 1st Viscount Caldecote Conservative
Lord President of the Council ,
Leader of the House of Lords
James Stanhope, 7th Earl Stanhope Conservative
Lord Seal Keeper Sir Samuel Hoare Conservative until April 3, 1940 then Minister of Aviation
Sir Kingsley Wood Conservative from April 3, 1940 previously Minister of Aviation
Chancellor of the Exchequer Sir John Simon Liberal National
Parliamentary State Secretary for the Treasury David Margesson Conservative
Treasury Secretary of State for the Treasury Harry Crookshank Conservative
Lords of the Treasury (official title of the Whips ) James Stuart Conservative
Thomas Dugdale Conservative until February 12, 1940
Patrick Munro Conservative
Stephen Furness Liberal National
Sir James Edmondson Conservative until November 12, 1939 then Vice-Chamberlain of the Household
Patrick Buchan-Hepburn Conservative from November 13, 1939
William Boulton Conservative from February 12, 1940
Foreign minister Edward Wood, 1st Viscount Halifax Conservative
Parliamentary State Secretary in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Rab butler Conservative
Interior minister Sir John Anderson National Independent
State Secretary in the Ministry of the Interior Osbert Peake Conservative
Minister of Homeland Security Alan Lennox-Boyd Conservative
William Mabane Liberal National from October 24, 1939 previously Deputy Minister of Post
First Lord of the Admiralty Winston Churchill Conservative
Parliamentary and Finance Secretary of State of the Admiralty Geoffrey Shakespeare Liberal National until April 3, 1940 then State Secretary for Foreign Trade
Sir Victor Warrender , Bt Conservative from April 3, 1940 previously Finance Secretary in the War Ministry
Admiralty Civil Lord Sir Austin Hudson , Bt Conservative
Minister for Agriculture and Fisheries Sir Reginald Dorman-Smith Conservative
Parliamentary State Secretary in the Ministry of Agriculture George Bowyer, 1st Baron Denham Conservative from September 19, 1939
Aviation Minister Sir Kingsley Wood Conservative until April 3, 1940 then Lord Seal Keeper
Sir Samuel Hoare , Bt Conservative from April 3, 1940 previously Lord Seal Keeper
State Secretary in the Ministry of Aviation Harold Balfour Conservative
Secretary of State for the Colonies Malcolm MacDonald National Labor
State Secretary in the Colonial Ministry Basil Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 4th Marquess of Dufferin and Ava Conservative
Minister for the Coordination of Defense Ernle Chatfield, 1st Baron Chatfield independent until April 3, 1940 Abolished on April 3, 1940
Minister for the Dominions Anthony Eden Conservative
State Secretary in the Dominion Ministry Edward Cavendish, 10th Duke of Devonshire Conservative
Minister for Economic Warfare Ronald Cross Conservative
Minister of Education Herbrand Sackville, 9th Earl De La Warr National Labor until April 3, 1940 then Minister of Construction and Planning
Herwald Ramsbotham Conservative from April 3, 1940 previously Minister of Construction and Planning
Parliamentary State Secretary in the Ministry of Education Kenneth Lindsay National Labor
Minister of Food William Morrison Conservative until April 3, 1940 at the same time Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster ; then Minister of Post
Frederick Marquis, 1st Earl of Woolton Conservative from April 3, 1940
Parliamentary State Secretary in the Ministry of Food Alan Lennox-Boyd Conservative from October 11, 1939
Minister of Health Walter Elliot Conservative
Parliamentary State Secretary in the Ministry of Health Florence Horsbrugh Conservative
Secretary of State for India and Burma Lawrence Dundas, 2nd Marquess of Zetland Conservative
State Secretary in the Ministry of India Sir Hugh O'Neill Ulster Unionist from September 11, 1939
Information minister Hugh Macmillan, Baron Macmillan Conservative until January 5, 1940
Sir John Reith National from January 5, 1940
Parliamentary State Secretary in the Ministry of Information Sir Edward Grigg Conservative September 19, 1939 - April 3, 1940 Office vacant from April 3, 1940
Minister of Labor Ernest Brown Liberal National
Parliamentary State Secretary in the Ministry of Labor Ralph Assheton Conservative
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster William Morrison Conservative until April 3, 1940 at the same time food minister
George Tryon Conservative from April 3, 1940
Paymaster General Edward Turnour, 6th Earl Winterton Conservative until November 1939 vacant from November 1939
Pension Minister Sir Walter Womersley Conservative
Minister with no portfolio Maurice Hankey, 1st Baron Hankey independent
Post Minister George Tryon Conservative until April 3, 1940
William Morrison Conservative from April 3, 1940
Deputy Minister of Post William Mabane Liberal National until October 24, 1939 then Minister for Homeland Security
Charles Waterhouse Conservative from October 24, 1939
Scotland Minister John Colville Conservative
Secretary of State in the Ministry of Scotland John McEwen Conservative
Minister of Shipping Sir John Gilmour , Bt Conservative October 13, 1939 - April 3, 1940
Robert Hudson Conservative from April 3, 1940
Parliamentary State Secretary in the Ministry of Shipping Sir Arthur Salter Conservative from November 13, 1939
Minister of Supply Leslie Burgin Liberal National
Parliamentary State Secretary in the Ministry of Supply John Llewellin Conservative
Minister for Trade and Industry Oliver Stanley Conservative until January 5, 1940
Sir Andrew Duncan National from January 5, 1940
Parliamentary State Secretary in the Ministry of Commerce Gwilym Lloyd George Independent liberal
State Secretary for Foreign Trade Robert Hudson Conservative until April 3, 1940
Geoffrey Shakespeare Liberal National from April 3, 1940
State Secretary for Mining Geoffrey Lloyd Conservative
Transport Minister Euan Wallace Conservative
Parliamentary State Secretary in the Ministry of Transport Robert Bernays Liberal National
Minister of War Leslie Hore-Belisha Liberal National until January 5, 1940
Oliver Stanley Conservative from January 5, 1940
State Secretary in the War Ministry John Lyttelton, 9th Viscount Cobham Conservative from September 19, 1939
Finance Secretary in the War Department Sir Victor Warrender , Bt Conservative until April 3, 1940
Sir Edward Grigg Conservative from April 3, 1940
Minister of Construction and Planning Herwald Ramsbotham Conservative until April 3, 1940 then Minister of Education
Herbrand Sackville, 9th Earl De La Warr National Labor from April 3, 1940 previously Minister of Education
Attorney General for England and Wales Sir Donald Somervell Conservative
Solicitor General for England and Wales Sir Terence O'Connor Conservative
Lord Advocate Thomas Cooper Conservative
Solicitor General for Scotland James Reid Conservative
Treasurer of the Household Charles Waterhouse Conservative until November 12, 1939
Robert Grimston Conservative from November 12, 1939
Comptroller of the Household Charles Kerr Liberal National
Vice-Chamberlain of the Household Robert Grimston Conservative until November 12, 1939
Sir James Edmondson Conservative from November 12, 1939
Captain of the Gentlemen-at-Arms George Bingham, 5th Earl of Lucan Conservative
Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard Arthur Chichester, 4th Baron Templemore Conservative
Lords-in-Waiting Hugh Fortescue, 5th Earl Fortescue Conservative
Frederick Smith, 2nd Earl of Birkenhead Conservative
Rowland Hood, 3rd Viscount Bridport Conservative
Robert Egerton Grosvenor, 5th Baron Ebury Conservative

literature

  • David Butler: Twentieth-Century British Political Facts, 1900-2000. Palgrave Macmillan, 2000, ISBN 978-1-349-62733-2 .