Provincial estates of the Bamberg Monastery

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The estates of the high pin Bamberg were the landständische representation of chivalry , Church and cities in the secular dominion of Hochstift Bamberg .

history

Emergence

After the end of the Bamberg immunity dispute (1435-1440 / 43), a contract was signed in 1440 between the bishop, cathedral chapter and representatives of the prelates and the knighthood, which only allowed the pledging of high estates after approval by an equal assembly of cathedral chapter, prelates and Knighthood should be possible. Such a meeting never came. After the cathedral chapter refused to ratify the peace treaty with Kulmbach-Bayreuth in the winter of 1461/62 during the Bavarian War , Bishop Georg I von Schaumberg (ruled 1459-1475) convened the estates in Bamberg for the first time. This first state parliament of the bishopric confirmed the policy of the bishop.

The resignation of knighthood since 1560

After the Reformation , a large part of the knighthood had become Protestant and thus estranged from the diocese. In addition, the knighthood sought legal independence from the bishopric through to imperial immediacy . In 1560 the knighthood took part in a state parliament for the last time. Even if the tenders were still addressed to all curiae, the knighthood was effectively eliminated. The estates lost their importance during the 16th century.

The knighthood continued to provide most of the members of the cathedral chapter. Through his participation in the state parliaments, the knighthood was able to represent its goals in the bishopric.

The establishment of the revenue in 1588

With the practical retirement of knighthood, the cities and markets in the state parliaments were the main counter-power to the bishop and chapter. In the Landtag of 1588 it was decided that the tax collection (which required the approval of the estates) should be carried out by the newly established revenue and the tax offices located below it. The existing court chamber and the caste offices were responsible for the income, which did not require the approval of the estates. The funds raised were primarily used to finance the Bamberg military. The expenditure of the upper income was supervised by six upper collectors. These were originally two representatives of the bishop, two representatives of the cathedral chapter and two representatives of the estates. A select committee was formed to audit the revenue , which included representatives from the three capitals, and later from Vilseck (district of Amberg-Sulzbach) and Lichtenfels . This later took on the tasks of the estates. He granted the court chamber a larger sum for the first time in 1605. It was no longer necessary to convene the stands. They met for the last time in 1654.

Working method

The estates consisted of the three curiae of the prelates, the knighthood and the cities. If they were called to a state parliament by the sovereign, they discussed the princely propositions and the gravamina of the estates. The result was published in a state parliament pass. The curiae met separately to deliberate. If necessary, the curia in negotiating committees agreed on the results of their deliberations. The cathedral chapter was also represented in the state parliament with several capitulars.

Members

Prelates

In the Curia the prelates abbots following monasteries parliament members were: Michaelsberg Monastery , Klosterlangheim , Kloster Banz , Theres Abbey . The St. Theodor monasteries in Bamberg, Schlüsselau and the Augustinian canons of Neunkirchen am Brand were originally also eligible for state assembly, but were abolished after the Second Margrave War .

Knighthood

About 60 noble families were eligible: Absberg zu Hallerndorf , Altenstein , Aufseß , Bibra , Egloffstein , Giech , Groß called Christanz , Groß called Pfersfelder , Groß von Trockau , Guttenberg , Heßberg , Hetzelsdorff , Königsfeld , Künsberg , Laufenholz , Lichtenstein , Lisberg , Marschalck ( von Ebnet, Kunstadt and Ostheim) , Ochs von Gunzendorf , Truchseß von Pommersfelden , Plankenfels , Rabenstein , Redwitz , Rotenhan , Rüsenbach , Schaumberg , Schöffstall , Schott von Schottenstein , Schütz auf Marloffstein , Seckendorff , Stiebar , Streitberg , Thüngfeld (Tunfeld), Waldenfels , Wiesenthau , Wildenstein , Würtzburg and Zeyern .

The landscape

The following cities and markets were eligible for the state parliament: Baunach , Bamberg , Burgebrach , Burgkunstadt , Döringstadt , Ebermannstadt , Eggolsheim , Enchenreuth , Forchheim , Hallstadt , Herzogenaurach , Höchstadt an der Aisch , Hollfeld , Kupferberg , Kronach , Lichtenfels , Ludwigschorgast , Marktschorgast , Neuhaus an der Pegnitz , Neunkirchen am Brand , Nordhalben , Oberscheinfeld , Pottenstein , Scheßlitz , Stadtsteinach , Teuschnitz , Vilseck , Wachenroth , Waischenfeld , Weismain and Zeil am Main .

literature

  • Hermann Caspary: State, finance, economy and army in the Hochstift Bamberg (1672–1693) , 1976, ISBN 3-87-735083-6 , pp. 47–59.

Web links

  • Johannes Staudenmaier, Land estates of the Hochstift Bamberg , published on July 14, 2014; in: Historical Lexicon of Bavaria, online (May 18, 2020)