Limburg (Weilheim an der Teck)

Limburg
View from the direction of Hepsisau and Neidlingen
height	597.6  m above sea level NHN
location	Baden-Wuerttemberg , Germany
Mountains	Swabian Alb
Coordinates	48 ° 36 '15 "  N , 9 ° 32' 11"  E Coordinates: 48 ° 36 '15 "  N , 9 ° 32' 11"  E
Type	Kegelberg
rock	basalt

View from direction Neidlingen Coming

View from the west

The Limburg ( 597.6  m above sea level.  NHN ) is the local mountain of the city of Weilheim an der Teck in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg . The summit of the almost perfectly formed Kegelberg rises almost 200 m above the immediate area.

The structure of the vegetation is striking: the summit is overgrown with poor grass and a few linden trees. Below is a zone with bush forest, on the southern slope with vineyards, and on the lower mountain slopes extensive orchards .

geology

Limburg is a mountain of volcanic origin, more precisely: a formerly active volcanic vent of the Swabian volcano . However, despite its striking conical shape, it does not correspond to the ash volcanoes of the Etna or Vesuvius type . About 17 million years ago there were huge gas and dust explosions when water seeping into the crevasses of the Jura met a magma bubble that had formed deep down. The torn rock fell back into the crater and solidified into basalt tuff over time . No liquid lava came to the surface. Rather, it got stuck in the volcanic vent and solidified there to basalt . In the following millions of years the Jurassic strata were erosion eroded more and more. The basalt tuff plug was more resistant than the surrounding limestone and remained as a mountain cone in front of the northern slope of the Swabian Alb . Since the Limburg is of volcanic origin, the mountain does not belong to the witness mountains of the layer level country of the Swabian Alb.

history

Traces of settlement go back to the Neolithic period before 3000–1800 BC. BC back. A ledge running below the summit is probably the remains of a fortification from the Early Iron Age .

The actual history of Limburg begins with the construction of a castle, today's Limburg ruins , by Berthold I von Zähringen around 1060. The provost's office founded by the Zähringen at the foot of the Limburg was moved in 1093 to the St. Peter monastery in the Black Forest .

Limburg has been used as a wine-growing region since the 11th century. In the 19th century, however, viticulture was increasingly replaced by fruit growing. Today only smaller vineyards are left on the south side.

The Sage " The dragon on the Limburg " to built a chapel on the Limburg.

Nature reserve

With the ordinance of the Stuttgart regional council of December 21, 1990, the entire mountain cone with numerous biotopes with a total area of ​​161.5 ha was designated as a nature reserve (NSG number 1.177). The characteristic, scientifically and historically well-preserved landscape with a richly structured usage structure was protected: extensive orchards, heather areas, forest and shrubbery zones with fringing plants, damp depressions and streams.

The NSG is located in the natural area 101 - Middle Alb foreland within the natural spatial main unit 10 - Swabian Keuper-Lias-Land .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
2. ^ J. Baier: The Urach-Kirchheimer volcanic area of ​​the Swabian Alb. - Exposure 71 (4), 224–233, 2020.

literature

• Wolfgang Roser, Jürgen Mauch: The Swabian volcano . GO Druck-Media-Verlag, Kirchheim / Teck 2003, ISBN 3-925589-29-5 .
• Manfred Wetzel, Joachim Burzik: From ancient times . Schwabenverlag, Ostfildern 1984, ISBN 3-7966-0597-4 .

Web links

Commons : Limburg nature reserve  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Profile of the nature reserve in the LUBW's list of protected areas
• Map of the area at the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation