List of Polish capitals
Capitals of Poland
-
Gnesen / Gniezno
- 1000 coronation place of the first Polish king Boleslaw I the Brave
- 1000–1320 royal seat of the first Polish kings
-
Krakow / Kraków
- 1320–1611 Capital of the Kingdom of Poland, which was formed in 1320 from the unification of partial principalities
- 1320–1596 royal seat of the Polish kings
- 1939–1945 during the Second World War, the administrative seat of the German General Government
-
Warsaw / Warszawa
- 1611–1795 capital of the Kingdom of Poland
- 1596–1795 residence of the Polish kings
- 1807–1815 capital of the Duchy of Warsaw established by Napoleon Bonaparte
- 1815–1831 Capital of the Kingdom of Poland, which is in personal union with the Russian Empire ( Congress Poland )
- 1916–1918 capital of the Kingdom of Poland proclaimed by the Central Powers of the First World War ( Regency Kingdom of Poland )
- 1918–1939 capital of the Republic of Poland ( Second Polish Republic )
- 1947–1952 capital of the Republic of Poland
- 1952–1989 capital of the People's Republic of Poland
- since 1989 capital of the Republic of Poland
-
Lublin
- 1944–1945 seat of the Polish Committee of National Liberation ( Polish government set up by the Soviet Union parallel to the London government in exile ), de facto first post-war capital
-
Lodz / Łódź
- 1945–1947 seat of government due to the severe destruction of Warsaw, de facto second post-war capital
Capitals of the voivodeships from 1919 to 1939
Since the names of the voivodships are partly derived from the names of their capitals, a translation of these voivodeship names is superfluous.
¹ voivodeship city
² 1922-25 Vilnius district, since 1925 voivodeship
- Białystok (Białostockie)
- Brest / Brześć (Polesia / Poleskie, since 1921)
- Kattowitz / Katowice (Silesia (East Upper Silesia) / Śląskie, since 1922)
- Kielce (Kieleckie)
- Krakau / Kraków (Krakowskie, since 1920)
- Lemberg / Lwów / Lwiw (Lwowskie, since 1920)
- Lodz / Łódź (Łódzkie)
- Lublin (Lubelskie)
- Lutsk / Łuck (Wolhynia / Wołyńskie, since 1921)
- Nowogródek / Nawagradak (Nowogródzkie, since 1921)
- Posen / Poznań (Poznańskie, since 1919)
- Stanisławów / Iwano-Frankiwsk (Stanisławowskie, since 1920)
- Tarnopol / Ternopil (Tarnopolskie, since 1920)
- Thorn / Toruń (Pomerania / Pomorskie, since 1919)
- Warsaw / Warszawa (Warszawskie)
- Warsaw / Warszawa (City of Warsaw / miasto Warszawa) ¹
- Wilno / Wilno / Vilnius (Wileńskie, since 1925) ²
Capitals of the voivodeships from 1945 to 1975
Since the names of the voivodeships are derived from the names of their capitals, there is no need to translate the voivodeship names.
- Allenstein / Olsztyn (Olsztyńskie)
- Białystok (Białostockie)
- Breslau / Wrocław (Wrocławskie)
- Bromberg / Bydgoszcz (Pomerania / Pomorskie, until 1950; Bydgoskie, since 1950)
- Gdańsk (Gdańskie)
- Grünberg / Zielona Góra (Zielonogórskie, since 1950)
- Kattowitz / Katowice (1953–56 Stalinstadt / Stalinogród) (Silesia / Śląskie, until 1950; Katowickie, 1950–53 and since 1956; Stalinogrodzkie, 1953–56)
- Kielce (Kieleckie)
- Köslin / Koszalin (Koszalińskie, since 1950)
- Krakow / Kraków (Krakowskie)
- Lodz / Łódź (Łódzkie)
- Lublin (Lubelskie)
- Opole / Opole (Opolskie, since 1950)
- Poznań / Poznań (Poznańskie)
- Rzeszów (Rzeszowskie)
- Stettin / Szczecin (Szczecińskie)
- Warsaw / Warszawa (Warszawskie)
The non-voivodeship cities
- Breslau / Wrocław (since 1957)
- Krakow / Kraków (since 1957)
- Lodz / Łódź
- Poznan / Poznań (since 1957)
- Warsaw / Warszawa
Capitals of the voivodships from 1975 to 1998
Since the names of the voivodeships are derived from the names of their capitals, there is no need to translate the voivodeship names.
- Allenstein / Olsztyn ( Olsztyńskie )
- Biała Podlaska ( Bialskopodlaskie )
- Białystok (Białostockie)
- Bielsko-Biała ( Bielskie )
- Breslau / Wrocław (Wrocławskie)
- Bromberg / Bydgoszcz ( Bydgoskie )
- Chełm ( Chełmskie )
- Ciechanów ( Ciechanowskie )
- Gdańsk (Gdańskie)
- Elbing / Elbląg ( Elbląskie )
- Grünberg / Zielona Góra (Zielonogórskie)
- Hirschberg / Jelenia Góra (Jeleniogórskie)
- Kalisch / Kalisz ( Kaliskie )
- Katowice / Katowice (Katowickie)
- Kielce (Kieleckie)
- Konin (Konińskie)
- Köslin / Koszalin (Koszalińskie)
- Krakow / Kraków (Krakowskie)
- Krosno (Krośnieńskie)
- Landsberg an der Warthe / Gorzów Wielkopolski (Gorzowskie)
- Liegnitz / Legnica ( Legnickie )
- Lissa / Leszno ( Leszczyńskie )
- Lodz / Łódź (Łódzkie)
- Łomża (Łomżyńskie)
- Lublin (Lubelskie)
- Nowy Sącz ( Nowosądeckie )
- Opole / Opole (Opolskie)
- Ostrołęka ( Ostrołęckie )
- Piotrków Trybunalski ( Piotrkowskie )
- Płock ( Płockie )
- Poznań / Poznań ( Poznańskie )
- Przemyśl (Przemyskie)
- Radom ( Radomskie )
- Rzeszów (Rzeszowskie)
- Schneidemühl / Piła ( Pilskie )
- Siedlce ( Siedleckie )
- Sieradz ( Sieradzkie )
- Skierniewice ( Skierniewickie )
- Stettin / Szczecin (Szczecińskie)
- Stolp / Słupsk ( Słupskie )
- Suwałki (Suwalskie)
- Tarnobrzeg ( Tarnobrzeskie )
- Tarnów (Tarnowskie)
- Thorn / Toruń ( Toruńskie )
- Czestochowa / Częstochowa (Częstochowskie)
- Waldenburg / Wałbrzych ( Wałbrzyskie )
- Warsaw / Warszawa (Warszawskie)
- Włocławek ( Włocławskie )
- Zamość ( Zamojskie )
Capitals of the voivodeships since 1999
¹ Seat of the voivode appointed by the central government, who is responsible for the administration of the finances allocated centrally from Warsaw
² Seat of the voivodship marshal, his government and parliament (Sejmik)
- Allenstein / Olsztyn ( Warmia-Masuria / Warmińsko-Mazurskie )
- Białystok ( Podlaskie / Podlaskie )
- Breslau / Wrocław ( Lower Silesia / Dolnośląskie )
- Bromberg / Bydgoszcz ¹; Thorn / Toruń ² ( Kujawien-Pomerania / Kujawsko-Pomorskie )
- Danzig / Gdańsk ( Pomerania / Pomorskie )
- Kattowitz / Katowice ( Silesia / Śląskie )
- Kielce ( Świętokrzyskie )
- Krakow / Kraków ( Lesser Poland / Małopolskie )
- Landsberg an der Warthe / Gorzów Wielkopolski ¹; Grünberg / Zielona Góra ² ( Lebus / Lubuskie )
- Lodz / Łódź ( Lodz / Łódzkie Voivodeship )
- Lublin ( Lublin / Lubelskie Voivodeship )
- Opole / Opole ( Opole Voivodeship / Opolskie )
- Poznan / Poznań ( Greater Poland / Wielkopolskie )
- Stettin / Szczecin ( West Pomerania / Zachodniopomorskie )
- Rzeszów ( Subcarpathian / Podkarpackie )
- Warsaw / Warszawa ( Masovia / Mazowieckie )