Manebach

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Manebach
City of Ilmenau
Manebach coat of arms
Coordinates: 50 ° 40 ′ 47 "  N , 10 ° 51 ′ 33"  E
Height : 541  (510-600)  m
Residents : 1262  (Jan. 1, 2019)
Incorporation : March 25, 1994
Postal code : 98693
Area code : 03677
map
Location of Manebach in Ilmenau
railway station
railway station

Manebach is a district of the city of Ilmenau in Thuringia .

geography

Manebach is located in the Ilm Valley in the Thuringian Forest , approx. 3 km west-southwest of Ilmenau. The place is a street village that is over 2 km long and around which spruce forests spread. To the southeast lies the 861 meter high Kickelhahn , Ilmenau's local mountain. Nearby is the Hermannstein, a rock cave that Goethe liked to visit. To the north of the village is the Hohe Warte and the Schwalbenstein, on which Goethe wrote the fourth act of Iphigenia in just one day .

history

Manebach was first mentioned in a document in 1351. At that time it belonged to the county of Henneberg . A first building for church and school purposes was erected in 1515. Cammerberg on the other side of the Ilm was first mentioned in 1580. During the Thirty Years' War there were repeated major famines in Manebach .

In 1583 the Henneberger died out. Your county was divided. Both places initially belonged to the Ilmenau Office , which was under joint Saxon administration. After the real division of the county of Henneberg in 1660, Manebach came to the left of the Ilm to the court of the Lords of Witzleben zu Elgersburg in the duchy of Saxe-Gotha , which was added to the Ohrdruf office in the middle of the 19th century . Cammerberg, on the right of the Ilm, stayed with the office of Ilmenau, which now belonged to the Duchy of Saxony-Weimar .

Today's Kripplein Jesu Church was built in 1682 . The coal mining began in Manebach proven in 1691. The heyday of the coal industry falls within the period between 1731 and 1768. A total of 5,000 tons of coal were mined during this period, which corresponds kg one year reduction of 135 tonnes or a day breakdown of the 370th In 1736 the first glassworks was built in the village. It was fired with Manebach coal , which, however, led to complications due to the high water content in Manebach coal, so that in 1748 they switched to wood firing. However, the glassworks repeatedly ran into economic problems, which led to it being closed in 1771. A major catastrophe for the place and the entire region was the dam breach at Rödelsteich in the Freibachtal near Stützerbach in 1739 , which led to the Ilm valley and the Ilmenau mine tunnels being flooded. This also marked the end of mining in Ilmenau. In 1775 a severe fire raged in Manebach, which destroyed half of the houses and claimed twelve lives.

In 1832 the first mask factory was opened in town. It was called Eilers & Mey and lasted until 1971. With the opening of the paved road Ilmenau - Schleusingen (today's B4 ) in 1841, the infrastructure of the place improved considerably. Porcelain production began in 1860 . It ended in 1972 when all the porcelain factories in the Ilmenau porcelain factory were opened.

Since 1865 Manebach has also been visited by spa guests. The first post office opened in 1877 . The railway reached Manebach in 1904 when the Rennsteigbahn from Ilmenau to Schleusingen was opened. In 1922, the towns of Manebach and Cammerberg were combined with the formation of the Arnstadt district . In 1952, through the division of the Arnstadt district, the Ilmenau district , to which Manebach also belonged, was created. The place had about 2,700 inhabitants at that time. In 1988 Manebach was awarded the title of State Recognized Resort. In 1993 and 1996 the place took 1st place in the district competition " Our village should be more beautiful ". It was incorporated into the city of Ilmenau, now in the Ilm district, on March 25, 1994.

Population development

  • 1910: 2229 inhabitants
  • 1938: 2307 inhabitants
  • 1950: 2700 inhabitants
  • 1977: 1900 inhabitants
  • December 31, 2002: 1482 inhabitants
  • December 31, 2003: 1471 inhabitants
  • June 30, 2004: 1460 inhabitants
  • June 30, 2005: 1433 inhabitants
  • June 30, 2011: 1362 inhabitants

Cammerberg / Kammerberg (the smaller part of the village on the right bank of the Ilm) had 76 inhabitants in 1804, 114 in 1839, and even 357 in 1919.

politics

With the incorporation to Ilmenau in 1994, the former local council gave way to an eight-member local council . There is also a local mayor. In the local elections on June 27, 2004, Karl-Heinz Kühn ( CDU ) was elected with 87.3% of the votes cast. Stefan Schmidt has been the mayor of Manebach since 2016.

Economy and Transport

The most important branch of industry in Manebach was once the glass industry , especially the manufacture of thermometers . Furthermore, the processing of wood of some importance was: There were Köhler and loggers , Harz , Kienrußbrenner , unlucky boiler and timber merchants. In the 17th and 18th centuries there were also some potash boilers . Hard coal used to be mined in Manebach. Copper mining was added from 1691. There was also a world-famous mask production facility that once even equipped the Carnival in Rio de Janeiro . The declining profitability of the mines and the regular drowning due to the Ilm floods, combined with the hopelessness of finding other branches of business, caused many residents to find happiness in the New World in the middle of the 19th century, especially in the years 1853 to 1872 to search.

Manebach is located on the former federal road 4 , today's state road 3004, which connects Ilmenau with Schleusingen . Manebach is also located on the Rennsteigbahn . Between 1904 and 1998 trains on the Erfurt –Ilmenau – Schleusingen – Themar line ran here . From the end of 2005 to the end of 2007 there was a trial train service of the Erfurt Railway . Since June 15, 2014, the "RennsteigShuttle" (since 2017 line 46 of the Süd-Thüringen-Bahn ) has been running on weekends and public holidays with 4 pairs of trains per day to the Rennsteig station or to Ilmenau and Erfurt main station .

Culture and sights

Village church "Kripplein Jesu"

Evangelical Zum Kripplein Jesu Church

The church was built in 1682 and was enlarged by the construction of a sacristy in 1716. The rectangular half-timbered building is clad with slate shingles. In the east there is an octagonal tower with a baroque dome. In 1793 the church received its first bell, but this fell victim to World War I and was melted down. The current bell cage dates from 1921 and houses a ringing with three steel bells from the Schilling company from Apolda .

The interior is vaulted by a wooden barrel and has two-storey galleries. The organ and its carved prospect date from 1858. It was built by Friedrich Wilhelm Holland and in 1958 an electric organ fan was added. In 1860 it was elevated to a parish church.

The chancel got its current appearance in 1955/1956 with a carved altarpiece and a lectern. Both pieces were created by Otto Schmidt from Empfertshausen . In 1979 the church was declared a monument. Between 1998 and 2004 the interior was renovated and the tower as well as parts of the outer skin and roof were re-slated. In addition, the church tower was decorated with a golden crown based on the historical model.

Personalities

literature

  • Local history association Manebach eV: Manebach in the Thuringian Forest and its history: mining, fossils, glass, masks. Escher Verlag, Gehren 1999, ISBN 3-932642-12-0

Web links

Commons : Manebach  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Official Gazette of the City of Ilmenau 02/2019. City of Ilmenau, March 8, 2019, p. 10 , accessed April 23, 2019 .
  2. ↑ Municipalities 1994 and their changes since January 1, 1948 in the new federal states , Metzler-Poeschel publishing house, Stuttgart, 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 , publisher: Federal Statistical Office
  3. ↑ a b c d Ulrich Völkel: Gastliches Thüringen , Arnstadt 1993, ISBN 3-929662-00-0
  4. ↑ Flyer of the Süd-Thüringen-Bahn . As of May 2019.
  5. ↑ a b Evangelical Church Zum-Kripplein-Jesu-Kirche , Sights, Ilm-Kreis, accessed on May 24, 2012
  6. ^ Church Zum Kripplein Jesu at the Open Monument Day 2011 ( Memento from August 2, 2012 in the web archive archive.today )
  7. ↑ Kirche Zum Kripplein Jesu on the website of the church district. Retrieved February 28, 2020 .