Marienberg (Pattensen)
The Marienberg (formerly Rehberg ) is an elevation near Nordstemmen in Lower Saxony , on which the Marienburg Castle is located. The Marienberg contains the northernmost red sandstone outcrops in the Weser-Leine Bergland . They provide information about the formation of the Marienberg in the periods of the Lower Triassic and Upper Cretaceous .
Surname
The names Marienberg and Marienburg go back to King Georg V of Hanover , who gave the castle and mountain to his wife Marie on her 39th birthday. Georg V gave the Rehberg the new name Marienberg in the deed of donation as a purchased part of the Schulenburger Berg . He called the planned castle Marienburg . Both names contain the first name of his wife Marie.
location
The Marienberg is located in Lower Saxony in the south of Hannover Region in the area of the city Pattensen in the district of Schulenburg . It is bounded to the northwest by the Schulenburger Berg and to the west by the Adenser Berg and touched to the southeast by the Leine river and the 505 district road. The K 505 crosses the Leine on the Marienberg Bridge. From the castle tower and from the south side of Marienberg Castle you have a wide view of the Leine valley.
The northern slopes of the Adenser Mountain, the Schulenburger Mountain and the Marienberg have been part of the Calenberger Leinetal conservation area since 1997 .
During the construction of Marienburg Castle , Marienberg was redesigned into a romantic castle park and footpaths were created that invite you to hike on Marienberg and the neighboring Adenser Berg. The medieval ramparts around the Marienburg and the former watch tower can be visited. From the paths on the edge of the forest of the Adenser Berg there are views of the Hallertal and the Calenberger Land .
The county road 505
At the location of the current K 505 district road, there was a narrow field path between the Leine and the Marienberg until 1935 . Like the stone Marienberg Bridge, it was blocked by a barrier for motor vehicle traffic to the Marienburg; there was only one narrow passage for pedestrians and cyclists. In 1935 the field path was expanded by the Reich Labor Service to form the K 505 district road and planted with plane trees. Since the line passed close to the dirt road at the time, rocks had to be blown away at Marienberg. During the construction work, a boulder was found that now indicates the construction of the K 505 on the roadside below the Sachsenschlucht gorge. It serves as a reminder of the road construction in 1935. There was originally a swastika above the inscription , which was removed after 1945. In 1935 the road to the castle was allowed to be used by vehicles. The line was only moved to its current river bed decades later; part of the former arm of the river was left as a fire water pond for Marienburg Castle. Numerous gravel ponds were later created to the side of the line.
The Welfenweg , a cycle path and hiking trail that leads below the Marienberg through the Leine Valley to Pattensen , begins at the Marienberg Bridge . At the Marienbergbrücke branches off from the K 505, the Bergstrasse K 210 ( Marienbergstrasse ), which leads over the Marienberg to the parking lot of the Marienburg Castle and from there in the middle of an avenue to the district road K 506.
The Marienberg Bridge
According to Isabel Arends, the area of the Marienberg was developed " by a road running north-south over the mountain, which was given a spur road at the level of the Marienburg. To the north this was connected to the road between Calenberg and Elze. To the south, the road to led to a newly built yoke bridge below the castle. From here a road was created to the nearby railway junction Nordstemmen. "
In 1860 the Hanoverian royal family built the Marienberg Bridge as a wooden yoke bridge over the Leine for 16,500 Reichstalers . The Jochbrücke was replaced by a stone bridge in 1911. There was also a ferry on the east side of the bridge in 1911. Until 1935, the bridge was provided with a barrier, which was guarded by a gatekeeper to prevent unauthorized vehicle traffic to the Marienburg. Only after the construction of the K 505 district road in 1935 were vehicles given free travel to Nordstemmen and Adensen.
The two citizens of Adens, Conrad Kösel and Rudolf Ohlmer, wanted to prevent the Marienberg Bridge and the Calenberg Bridge near Schulenburg from being blown up by German soldiers at the end of the Second World War . When they came to Marienberg Bridge on April 6, 1945 , members of the Volkssturm had already blown up the bridge. Together with Hans Bremer, the owner of the Calenberger Mühle , Kösel and Ohlmer were able to prevent the Calenberg bridge from being blown up . During their return trip on the K 506 shortly before Adensen, Kösel and Ohlmer were shot dead in their vehicle by the approaching US Army tanks .
When the Marienberg Bridge was blown up , the glass windows of the castle chapel were also destroyed by the detonation wave . The British Rhine Army replaced the blown Marienberg Bridge first with a pontoon bridge and in 1948 with a Bailey bridge made of steel, which was covered with wooden planks and had a load-bearing capacity of 12 t . In 1955 the current Marienberg Bridge was finally built and opened to traffic on September 29, 1955. In the summer of 2015, the Marienberg bridge for one was high side bike path widened.
geology
In the period of the Lower Triassic , about 251 to 245 million years ago, the shore of a huge warm and shallow salt lake on the western edge of the Hessian Depression was located here . At times rivers poured out of this inland lake, depositing red-brown sandstone , on the strata of which sometimes ripple marks appeared . Here you can clearly see how each individual layer surface was once the surface of the beach and how on the individual layer surfaces the wave furrows were formed in very different forms, coarser, finer, often indicating changes in the wind direction , according to the collection guide of the 1914 Roman Museum in Hildesheim. With strong waves , the salt lake deposited oolite , which is composed of small concentric limestone spheres. In addition, mudstones were created here, the dry cracks of which indicate that the salt lake has frequently fallen dry.
In the period of the Upper Cretaceous about 135 million years ago, the originally horizontally deposited rock layers were tilted to the east by salt movements in the subsurface, so that the originally horizontal layers here on Marienberg are almost vertical as oblique layers. The younger (originally higher) rock layers from the time of the Middle Buntsandstein are under the Marienburg and on its east side, while the older (originally lower) rock layers from the time of the Lower Buntsandstein are on the west side of the Marienburg. Quarries and the construction of the K 505 district road resulted in numerous outcrops on the southern edge of Marienberg, where the red sandstone and its sloping layers are visible. These outcrops are the northernmost red sandstone outcrops in the Weser-Leine Bergland . The rock cuts in the area of the castle wall are in great danger of falling and should therefore not be knocked off with a hammer.
During the construction of the Marienburg, red sandstone blocks were broken in these quarries, which were inserted into the outer walls of the Marienburg.
Barrows from the Bronze Age
In the north of Schulenburger Berg's group was on the edge of the forest at the height of 135 m of nine mounds with a diameter of about fifteen meters and a height of about one meter, mainly in the Middle Bronze Age (1600-1200 v. Chr .) were created. When creating a path at the edge of the forest, barrows were leveled; Axes, knives, bronze bracelets, stone tools and ceramics with features of the End Stone Age Michelsberg culture were found. In the forest, close to the edge of the forest, three barrows can be seen, a footpath leads over two of them (as of 2007). In 2007, the GLL, LGN map indicated 4 barrows.
Ring wall
Marienburg Castle was built into an older 6.22 hectare ring wall system (height lines 110 to 120 m). In many cases the complex has been dated to the Iron Age (around 750 BC to Chr. Birth). But it belongs more to the early Middle Ages . It consisted (of an approximately 700 m long embankment Saxony Wall called), which almost surrounds the entire top of the mountain Marie. Taking into account the hillside location, the wall still reaches a height of 6 meters and a width of 10 to 15 meters in places. A ditch was built in front of the wall in particularly endangered places. The starting point for the construction of the Wallburg was favorable on the hilltop, as the south-west side was secured by the Saxon gorge and the south side by a natural steep slope that only needed to be reworked slightly. An archaeological investigation of the wall has not yet taken place, so that no reliable information can be given about its structure and its time of origin. Like other facility in the area it is to be a Fliehburg have acted that could provide at risk of the population with their belongings, including cattle, refuge. The water supply could be secured by a spring which is located on the eastern wall section and there flows through a gap to the outside into the Sachsenhain .
According to the publication by JH Müller from 1893, Bronze Age finds were made when the wall for the northern entrance to the castle broke through , including a fragment of a sword blade.
This find inspired the municipality of Nordstemmen to create the Nordstemmen coat of arms in 1939 during the Nazi era . Wilhelm Barner wrote in 1940 at the beginning of the Second World War “The municipality of Nordstemmen used this splendid symbol of the defensive strength of its ancestors to make it speak in a meaningful way in shield and seal” and described the coat of arms as follows: “A red shield in a gold shield Post covered with a fallen golden sword from the Bronze Age. "
August Kreipe wrote in 1926: In the Middle Ages there was also a castle within the old fortification on the Marienberge. Grupen , who diligently researched our patriotic history, says: "On the Adenoyser Berge on the side facing Poppenburg ruins of an old castle are still visible, which is why that part of the mountain is popularly called 'Burgberg'." In the present castle, traces of former buildings were still found. The dynasty family of the Lords of Adenoys (1150-1320), whose property was largely in this corner of the Merstemgau, had probably built a castrum (castle seat).
Castle from the Middle Ages
In the northwest on the Hohe Warte hill (height 172.5 m) stood Ordenberg Castle , which Carl Schuchhardt examined through excavations around 1900. In the vicinity there is a ditch with a 100 m long wall on the southeast side. The moat was used as a modern water reservoir for the Marienburg since 1857 . On the slope above the water reservoir there was a lookout tower next to the Marienberg forest restaurant in 1898 , parts of the foundation of which are still preserved. On a map (probably from the 2nd half of the 17th century) a remains of a tower is recorded on the Schulenburger Berg .
The Hohe Warte hill is a trigonometric point . After the Second World War there was temporarily a high mast that towered over the trees and was used for surveying; In the surrounding Feldmark and on church towers (for example in Adensen ) further trigonometric points were created and marked.
Outside facilities of Marienburg Castle
The 30- acre wooded property on the south-western slope of the Schulenburger Berg planned for the construction of Marienburg Castle was selected by the engineer major Witte and bought by the farmer Rössing and the courtier Ziesenitz at the beginning of 1857. On his birthday on April 14, 1857, King George V of Hanover transferred the Schulenburger Berg and the castle to be built on it in a deed of gift to his wife, Queen Marie , as private property. The castle was to serve as a rural summer residence , hunting lodge and later widow's seat.
Queen Marie planned her " Eldorado " in the form of a medieval, Gothic hilltop castle in a romantic location far above the Leine valley. The planned plot of land was ideally suited for this. It was located near the former ancestral home of the Welfs, Calenberg Castle , and was close to the recently built Nordstemmen station , where the royal saloon car could be parked after the train journey. In addition, it made sense that the hilltop castle was built into the existing ring wall system, and thanks to a quarry, the slope towards the Leine could be removed so ruggedly that the Marienburg had to look like a medieval fortress from the Leinetal. In the quarry deepened into a wild ravine, a romantic waterfall was supposed to tumble down into the line under a drawbridge. It was also favorable that the Marienberg was a legendary place, which - as it was said - was inhabited by dwarfs, to whom the queen could put small monuments at the entrances and exits of the castle.
Marienburg Castle was built between 1857 and 1867 by the architects of the Hanover School of Architecture, Conrad Wilhelm Hase and Edwin Oppler . The Hofgarten Inspector Schaumburg laid out the grounds of Marienburg Castle in the style of an English landscape garden . Winding paths, artificial rock formations, stone steps and an artificial waterfall that were supposed to tumble down the gorge were created within the ring wall. The gardens such as the Prinzessinnengarten in front of the west wing and the garden below the terrace had flower gardens with beds that were tended by the castle's own nursery.
The horses were given a round riding arena in the southern area of the front parking lot. In the vicinity of the riding arena on the area of the rear parking lot there was a nursery with the gardener's house. The forester lived in the Schweizerhaus southwest of the castle. These two buildings were inhabited until around 1970. After that they stood empty for a while until they were demolished. The foundations and a piece of the wall of the Schweizerhaus were still preserved in 2008.
The castle was not inhabited by King George V after it was completed, as he and his court had to flee into exile in Austria in 1866 because of the lost war against Prussia after the battle of Langensalza . He lived there with his son Ernst August and his daughter Friederike in Vienna suburb of Hietzing in Villa Hills , which belonged to the Duke of Brunswick. On July 24, 1867, Queen Marie and her daughter Mary left Marienburg Castle and followed her husband into exile in Austria. In memory of the flight of Crown Prince Ernst-August , the Ernst-August-Oak was planted in the beech forest in the north of the Marienberg next to the forest path on a raised plateau in 1866 . On the round moss-covered memorial stone in front of the mighty oak stands the weathered inscription: Crown Prince Ernst-August - Planted in 1866 . The original route was changed in the 20th century south of the Ernst-August-Eiche. From the front parking lot, a forest path now leads below the former Marienberg forest restaurant and above the autostraße towards the north to the Ernst-August-Eiche. Remnants of old electric street lamps show that certain forest paths on Marienberg were illuminated at night.
Forest restaurant Marienberg
On the northeast side of the Hohe Warte , the Marienberg forest restaurant , which burned down in 1976, had 1000 seats and was built on its own land by the Schulenburg innkeeper and forest owner Heinrich Julius Alves. It was built shortly before the laying of the foundation stone of the Marienburg on April 14, 1857. On Pentecost Sunday 1857 the restaurant was opened with a military concert. For the drinking water supply, a water pipe led from the village of Schulenburg to a water tank, which was located above the restaurant on the top of the Hohe Warte .
Heinrich Julius Alves already had a “wooden shed” with a horse harness and bar under shady trees at the northern foot of the Schulenburger Berg. Now Heinrich Julius Alves invited to a dance in the new restaurant up on the Schulenburger Berg. On May 13, 1860, he advertised in the Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung: Sunday there is great dance music on the Marienberge, to which the most friendly invitation: H. Alves - Gastwirth. He used in the advertisement, the place name The momentum "on the Marienberg" , although its restoration local was on the Schulenburger mountain that some residents of Schulenburg belonged. The later innkeeper Albert Alves founded the publishing house A. Alves, in which he published postcards that he sold in his forest restaurant Marienberg.
At that time the forest restaurant consisted only of a rectangular hall made of wood with a long bar and a winter garden , which offered a view to the east over the young beech forest to the Marienburg and the Leine valley. Later, a concert shell open to the room was added to this hall in the south and a multi-storey guest house in the north, which contained the inn, guest rooms and guest rooms. In front of the inn there was a music pavilion with a splendid tree backdrop and a large dance floor, from which stone stairs climbed to two terraces that were used as beer gardens in summer .
On May 20, 1904, the following ad appeared in the Hildesheimer Geschäftsanzeiger : Marienberg - Tivoli restaurant - 20 minutes from Nordstemmen station - popular excursion destination - every Sunday concert by the Hildesheim city band - extra concert on the 1st and 3rd Wednesday of every month - large veranda and hall for clubs and parties - wonderful view from the newly built observation tower, owner H. Alves.
In the years 1928 to 1930, the forest management was completely renewed after the last renovation in the 1880s. The dance hall with stage, veranda, grottos, music pavilion and terraces for the guests, a children's playground and aviaries for local game were created. That attracted more and more visitors. The Alves family previously lived in Schulenburg , but now their house is being built next to the forest management.
The bridal show on Pentecost Tuesday was popular with the sons and daughters of farmers in southern Lower Saxony , when many couples got to know each other. In the vernacular it was jokingly said that all the bushes in Marienberg were regularly leased at the marriage market .
An attraction for children was the amusement park to the south with a carousel , climbing frames and a swing beam, as well as an animal park with the aviaries and a donkey that brought the food up to the forest restaurant in the donkey wagon. The concrete foundations of the carousel are still in place.
The Marienberg forest restaurant had over 1000 seats ready for its guests. In the 1930s there was a weekly special train from Hanover to Nordstemmen for travelers who wanted to see the castle museum in Marienburg Castle and stop off at the Marienberg forest restaurant. That is why national events often took place here. For example, the Evangelical Lutheran Regional Church of Hanover held its 10th Youth Day on September 8, 1935.
In the years 1934 to 1939 and 1947 to 1974, after the hay harvest around St. John's Day, the Marienberg festivities with the annual general meeting of the Heimatbund Niedersachsen (HBN) took place in the Marienberg forest restaurant . This Marienberg festivals were in the Third Reich of up to 1,000 guests and in the period after the Second World War, attended by up to 3,000 guests.
At the opening event in 1934, the chairman Walther Lampe emphasized the independence of the work of the Heimatbund in his welcoming address with the words, “that the Heimatbund only knows one task, namely to deepen the knowledge of the Heimat among its members with them To stand in the service of the home and to awaken the love for the home. “But since 1935 the Marienbergfeste were increasingly occupied by the National Socialists and abused for Nazi propaganda . In 1938 National Socialist conformity was achieved, and the district leader Albert Kopprasch spoke as the main speaker on the subject of "National Socialism and Homeland Care".
During the Second World War, the Hanover Air Force confiscated the Marienburg forest restaurant . Around 100 people worked in the Hanover Air Force location fee office. Wholesalers had obtained storage rooms for their goods here. Part of the large hall became the storage room for the Hanomag company in Hanover, while the Reemtsma cigarette company had occupied the Seeger hall.
After the Second World War, lectures on the farming community , noise protection , environmental pollution and environmental protection were the focus of the Marienberg festivals. The regularly recurring themes included home , a sense of home, protection of the homeland, care of the home and the responsibility for helping to shape the home. The lectures were framed by Low German readings and the singing of folk songs , from demonstrations of folk dance groups and the general dance in the evening.
The prominent guests of the Marienbergfeste included the Prime Ministers Hinrich Wilhelm Kopf and Heinrich Hellwege , the District President Theanolte Bähnisch , the Hildesheim bishop Heinrich Maria Janssen as well as the Duchess Victoria Luise and her son Ernst August IV. The choice of location for the Marienbergfeste and the presence of representatives of the Welfenhaus showed, according to Waldemar R. Röhrbein, that the Lower Saxony Heimatbund was not free from “monarchist longings” at the time.
The fire department band of volunteer firefighters Nordstemmen (1971 Concert Nordstemmen and from 1993 Concert Nordstemmen 1883 e. V. ) held its annual Easter and Whitsun Concerts by in the hall of Waldgaststätte Marienberg or out in the open. Since 1958 there have also been annual valuation concerts together with other music trains and orchestras, in which the fire brigade band of the Nordstemmen volunteer fire brigade was able to occupy one of the top places.
On Easter Sunday 1976 the fire brigade band performed their Easter concert in the Marienberg forest restaurant. The following night on Easter Monday, April 19, 1976, a fire broke out there. Fighting the fire turned out to be extremely difficult because parts of the buildings were made of wood and because the fire hoses had to be laid down to the line in the dark of the night. Around four o'clock, the Marienberg forest restaurant with the musical instruments stored here was destroyed by the great fire. The rubble was later cleared away, but the sandstone stairs that led up to the restaurant via two terraces have been preserved, as have the access road, the terrace retaining walls, the water tank, the sewage treatment plant and a sign to the “Castle Museum”. Ernst August IV's suggestion to rebuild the Marienberg forest restaurant on the site of the former nursery at Marienburg Castle could not be implemented due to the cost of a large sewage treatment plant. Today the rear parking lot of Marienburg Castle is located on the site of the former nursery.
Legend of the dwarfs in Marienberg
A musician from Elze once had to play to dance at a wedding in Jeinsen . Then he staggered home drunk. At the foot of the Marienberg he fell into the bushes and fell asleep. Then a wondrous song that resounded from a cave woke him. When he went into the Marienberg, he saw a large hall that gleamed with gold and silver. There the dwarfs sang and danced. The king of the dwarfs came and asked him to play the dwarf to dance. He quickly grabbed his violin and played for a long time, and the dwarfs danced and danced. In the end the dwarf king held a present in his hand, put it in the musician's pocket and said: Don't put your hand in your pocket until you have reached your family; then you will become a rich man. On the way home to Elze, the musician noticed that his bag was getting heavy and heavier. But he overcame his curiosity and did not reach into his pocket. When he arrived at the city gate of Elze, he mobbed the gatekeeper: You can't meck with meck. Eck can now head the whole of Elze. When the gatekeeper laughed at him, the musician reached into his pocket to show his gold treasure. But when he took his hand out of his pocket, he only had a few horse apples in it.
A wheel deflector in the Marienburg shows the king of the dwarves with his present.
literature
- Maps of the prehistory
- Site survey 1: 2500 The Marienburg near Nordstemmen by students from the Technical University of Hanover in July 1960. Field comparison and additions by H. Weber in May 1984. In: Field name map 1: 10,000 sheet 5/2 Alferde , district of Hanover, no year (after 1984 ).
- Topography 1: 3125 by A. Umlauff, autumn 1895, sheet XXXII ring wall of the Marienburg near Nordstemmen . See also pages 11, 14 and 50. In: Atlas of prehistoric fortifications in Lower Saxony. Edit original recordings and site investigations. by August von Oppermann and Carl Schuchhardt. Hanover 1888–1916.
- Geology of the Marienberg
- Manfred Boetzkes (ed.): Worlds in showcases. The collection of the Roman Museum in Hildesheim. Facsimile of the collection guide from 1914. P. 7 + 8 with illustrations. Roman Museum, Hildesheim 1994.
- Jochen Lepper, Michael Szurlies: Quarries and road cuts in the red sandstone at the Marienburg. In: Report of the Natural History Society Hanover. 143 (2001) pp. 1-7. Hanover 2001. - ISSN 0365-9844 .
- Jochen Lepper, Michael Szurlies: The lower and middle red sandstone in the outcrops at the Marienburg (Leinebergland) . In: Report of the Natural History Society Hanover. 143 (2001) pp. 9-18. Hanover 2001. - ISSN 0365-9844 .
- Prehistory of the Marienberg
- W. Netzel: Prehistoric and early historical fortifications in the greater Hanover area Series of publications on local history, published by the Kreislehrerverein Hannover-Land No. 10/11, 1968. Page 21
- Hans-Wilhelm Heine : The fortifications on the Marienberg near Schulenburg in: Guide to prehistoric and early historical monuments, Volume 49, Part II Excursions, Mainz 1981, page 198
- Hery A. Lauer: Archaeological walks in southern Lower Saxony. A guide to sights of prehistory and early history. Volume III. Verlag H. Lauer, Angerstein 1988, page 60
- August Kreipe: Historical memorials in the Leinetal from Elze to Alt-Calenberg. Gerstenberg, Hildesheim 1926
- Myths and fairy tales from Marienberg
- Wilhelm Barner: Hoike. Legends and stories from the country between Hildesheimer Wald and Ith. Series of publications of the Heimatmuseum Alfeld No. 7. Alfeld o. J. (1960). Pp. 24f, 119 and 162.
- Isabel Arends, ed. Ernst August Prince of Hanover: Fairy tales for the queen. Magical art and history in Marienburg Castle. MatrixMedia Verlag, Göttingen 2013. ISBN 978-3-932313-50-9
- Forest restaurant Alves on the Marienberg
- Werner Wagener: The "Tivoli" - a popular meeting place for young and old. The Alves forest management on the Marienberg was opened at Whitsun 1857. Newspaper clipping without citing the source in the archive of the Heimatverein von Wülfingen.
- The Marienberg festivals of the Heimatbund
- Waldemar R. Röhrbein: The Marienberg festivals. In: Waldemar R. Röhrbein (Ed.): Preserve your home, shape your home. Contributions to the 100th anniversary of the Heimatbund Lower Saxony. Hanover 2001. Pages 108-113.
- Heinz-Siegfried Strelow: "Heerschau" of Lower Saxony's homeland maintenance. On the history of the Marienberg festivals of the Heimatbund Niedersachsen. In: home country . Journal for local history, nature conservation, cultural care. With constant reports and pictures from the Historisches Museum am Hohen Ufer Hannover. Ed .: Heimatbund Niedersachsen e. V., Hanover. Hanover 2005, pp. 38-40.
Archives
- Lower Saxony Main State Archives Dep. 103 (historical documents on the construction of the Marienburg)
- Marienburg archive (almost 2000 architectural drawings with preliminary sketches, drafts and work drawings)
- City Archives Hannover (estate of the architect Edwin Oppler with over 100 drawings for the expansion of the Marienburg, photographs and his publications during the construction of the Marienburg)
Web links
- Geology of the Marienberg with photos, drawings and maps by the State Office for Mining, Energy and Geology in Lower Saxony, (PDF; 264 kB)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Inscription on the foundling: "In memory of the road construction Adensen - Nordstemmen 1935"
- ↑ photo information on the boulder. and The original view of the boulder.
- ↑ Isabel Arends: Gothic Dreams. Edwin Oppler's spatial art at Marienburg Castle. Hanover 2005. p. 54.
- ↑ Isabel Arends: Gothic Dreams. Edwin Oppler's spatial art at Marienburg Castle. Hannover 2005: Note 43 on page 96. See Dep. 103, XXIV No. 5927 Acta re. "Construction of the bridge over the Leine at Marienberg 1858-61".
- ↑ Hans Kleuker: Once upon a time ... in Nordstemmen. Preserving the past for the future. Pp. 119-120. Self-published, Nordstemmen 2014.
- ↑ August Kreipe: Historical memorials in the Leinetal from Elze to Alt-Calenberg . Gerstenberg, Hildesheim 1926. He writes on page 4 that the remains of 4 barrows can still be seen, and adds: a larger number will have been leveled there. The geological hiking map Leinebergland , Hanover 1989 (2nd edition) speaks of 9 burial mounds.
- ↑ Andrea Moser: "The archaeological sites and finds in the district of Hanover." Catalog. Hanover 1998, page 334, no.2745.
- ^ Wilhelm Barner : Coat of arms and seal of the Alfeld district , Hildesheim 1940 and 1953².
- ↑ Christian Ulrich Grupen lived from 1692 to 1767.
- ↑ See Burchard Christian von Spilcker : Contributions to the history of the noble lords of Adenoys. In: Vaterländisches Archiv für Hannoverisch-Braunschweigische Geschichte, born in 1833, vol. I., page 4. Spilcker cites the handwritten manuscript De Dynastia et Nobilibus Dominis de Adenois by Grupen, which he contains in the Tom. II. De Comitibus in the library of the Royal Court of Appeal in Celle.
- ↑ August Kreipe: Historical memorials in the Leinetal from Elze to Alt-Calenberg Gerstenberg, Hildesheim 1926, page 9.
- ↑ The observation tower is indicated on the map of the Prussian land survey from 1898 (TK 25, sheet 3824 Elze).
- ↑ Source: Lower Saxony Main State Archive Hanover, Card 22f Bordstemmen 2pm.
- ↑ Former names of the Marienberg forest restaurant were “Restaurant Tivoli” (1904) and “Waldwirtschaft Marienberg” (1930).
- ↑ Werner Wagener: The "Tivoli" - a popular meeting place for young and old. The Alves forest management on the Marienberg was opened at Whitsun 1857.
- ^ Annual report of the Heimatbund Lower Saxony 1934, page 3.
- ↑ Source ( Memento of the original from January 7, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ source .
- ↑ Short version of a legend from the collection of legends by Wilhelm Barner: Hoike. Legends and stories from the country between Hildesheimer Wald and Ith. Series of publications of the Heimatmuseum Alfeld No. 7. Alfeld o. J. (1960). P. 24f.
Coordinates: 52 ° 10 ′ 22 " N , 9 ° 45 ′ 58" E