Maritime Sociology

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The mutiny on the Bounty is the most famous mutiny in the world
and a typical example of
the peculiarities of
an uprising at sea

The Maritime sociology (from lat. Mare "sea") is a specialization within sociology . It deals with social processes related to shipping in coastal seas and on the high seas as well as their relation to sea-based political, economic, military, professional, cultural, customs and religious institutions.

On the subject

At the beginning of the early modern colonial expansion, nautical charts were often state secrets.
Here is a portolan map from 1318 by Pietro Vesconte :
Western Mediterranean with Corsica, Sardinia and Sicily

The range of topics in maritime sociology brings it closer to general sociological theory. However, since this has so far been almost exclusively about land-related issues, maritime sociology is classified as a special sociology .

Research in this regard was initially widely disseminated and published, such as:

Maritime sociology is currently represented in Central Europe at the Christian Albrechts University in Kiel and at the University of Szczecin (Stettin) (Poland). Their subjects also appear in the curricula of nautical technical colleges and universities of applied sciences, where they are mostly dealt with as problems relating to specialist training and the management of ship crews.

In many other countries, such as the USA , Canada and Spain , it is part of specializations or has its own courses of study, for example at East Carolina University (USA), the University of South Alabama (USA), Memorial University of Newfoundland (Canada ) and the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (Spain).

Social influences

Whole cultures have peculiarities that reflect their high reliance on the challenges posed by the sea and its opportunities and dangers.

This has been true since the Stone Age (sea fishing as the main source of food for island and coastal residents - see also: Køkkenmøddinger ).

It becomes clear in the thalassocracies of antiquity (e.g. Carthage , Athens ), in special developments of the Middle Ages (e.g. in Polynesia , Iceland ), in the colonialism of the early modern period based on maritime power (e.g. Venice , Portugal , the Netherlands ) to the struggle for global naval supremacy from the 18th century until today (first Great Britain , then the USA ).

The social effects range from everyday social action (see sailor's language , compatibility of family and work ) and from the 'seafaring virtues' (see courage ) to religion (see the cults of sea deities, such as Poseidon ) and in particular' Superstitions ' forms (best known probably the Klabautermann ).

Today's issues

Dike system
Flyer from November 1896
on the Hamburg port workers strike
with instructions on how to behave
and what the strike cards mean

Today's questions in maritime sociology relate to areas in which sociological field research has so far been almost exclusively focused on objects of investigation on the continent, so that its results leave too many questions unanswered when it comes to maritime problems. They relate accordingly:

See also

literature

  • Conner Bailey, Svein Jentoft & Peter Sinclair (Eds.): Aquaculture Development: Social Dimensions of an Emerging Industry. Westview Press, 1996, ISBN 0813389429
  • Lars Clausen : Analysis of weak points on the occasion of the Pallas accident: Report submitted to the Prime Minister of Schleswig-Holstein on May 4, 1999 (= civil defense research. New episode. Volume 53). Federal Office of Administration - Central Office for Civil Protection, Bonn 2003 ( PDF; 3.825 MB )
  • Norbert Elias : The Genesis of the Naval Profession. University College Dublin Press, Dublin 2007, ISBN 978-1-904558-80-4
  • Heide Gerstenberger & Ulrich Welke (ed.): The craft of seafaring in the age of industrialization. Edition Temmen, Bremen 1995, ISBN 3-86108-252-7 .
  • Heide Gerstenberger & Ulrich Welke: work at sea. On the economics and ethnology of globalization. With DVD Westfälisches Dampfboot, Münster 2004, ISBN 3-89691-575-4 .
  • Timo Heimerdinger: The seaman. A profession and its cultural staging (1844-2003). Böhlau, 2005
  • Ralf Lisch : Total ship institution. Duncker and Humblot, Berlin 1976, ISBN 3-428-03664-6
  • Bronislaw Malinowski : Argonauts of the western Pacific. A report on the activities and adventures of the natives in the island worlds of Melanesian New Guinea. 2., unchanged. Klotz, Eschborn 2001, ISBN 3-88074-450-5 . (German translation; new edition of the first edition published in 1922)
  • Peter A. Munch : Sociology of Tristan da Cunha. Results of the Norwegian Scientific Expedition to Tristan da Cunha 1937-1938. Dybwad, Oslo 1945; 2nd edition: Ams Press Inc., 1977, ISBN 0685873560 .
  • Nicole Gerarda Power: What Do They Call a Fisherman? Men, Gender, and Restructuring in the Newfoundland Fishery (= Social and economic studies. No. 69). Iser Books, St. John's (Newfoundland / Canada) 2006, ISBN 1-894725-02-6 .
  • Klaus R. Schroeter: Creation of a Society. Feud and alliance among the Vikings (= writings on cultural sociology. No. 15). Reimer, Berlin 1994, ISBN 3-496-02543-3 . (see Phil. Diss., Univ. Kiel 1993)
  • Ulrich Welke: The captain. The invention of a form of rule. Westfälisches Dampfboot, Münster 1997, ISBN 3-89691-416-2 (cf. Diss., Univ. Bremen 1996).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ferdinand Tönnies: Dock workers and seamen in Hamburg before the strike in 1896/97 . In: Archives for Social Legislation and Statistics. 1897, Vol. 10, H. 2, pp. 173-238. See Fig.
  2. ^ Ferdinand Tönnies: The Baltic Sea ports of Flensburg, Kiel, Lübeck. In: The situation of workers employed in seafaring. Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1903, pp. 509-614.
  3. ^ Bronislaw Malinowski, Argonauts of the Western Pacific , 1922
  4. ^ Franz Borkenau: End and Beginning. About the generations of advanced civilizations and the emergence of the West. Stuttgart 1984.