Waldersee (Dessau-Roßlau)

Waldersee City of Dessau-Roßlau Coordinates: 51 ° 50 ′ 42 "  N , 12 ° 16 ′ 42"  E
Height :	60 m above sea level NHN
Area :	13.56 km²
Residents :	2590  (Dec. 31, 2011)
Population density :	191 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation :	November 1, 1945
Postal code :	06844
Area code :	0340
Jonitzer Church (St.Bartholomäi)

Waldersee is a village in Dessau-Roßlau , an independent city in Saxony-Anhalt . It emerged from the two earlier places Jonitz and Naundorf.

geography

location

Waldersee is located around three kilometers east of Dessau city center on Landstrasse 133 . The place is located in the middle of a meadow landscape around four kilometers from the mouth of the Mulde into the Elbe . As a result of this location, Waldersee is often threatened by flooding when the snowmelts annually and during prolonged heavy rain due to the rise in river levels. Last was the 60 m above sea level. Location located at NHN in 2002 completely flooded during the flood of the century . In the north, Waldersee borders the Middle Elbe Biosphere Reserve .

Settlement geography

The district of Waldersee is largely built up with single-family houses. In the center of the village he has a small but sufficient range of retail and services. There is a public transport connection to the city center of Dessau for additional local supplies .

history

Naundorf was first mentioned in 1159 when the Ballenstedt monastery sold its two Slavic hamlets Nimiz and Nauzedele to Flemish settlers. These formed a village called Nyendorp (Naundorf). Naundorf is therefore older than Dessau itself and is considered the oldest village in Anhalt .

The castle Waldesian , north of Waldersee at the confluence of depression and furs located, was first mentioned in 1212 and existed until 1341, after it had been previously destroyed by a flood.

In 1339 Naundorf came into the possession of the Anhalt princes and was acquired by the Dessau City Council in 1433 as Mark Naundorf and devastated around 1439. In 1512, Prince Ernst von Anhalt acquired the village of Jonitz from Nienburg Abbey . In 1707 Prince Leopold von Anhalt-Dessau bought the Mark Naundorf back from the city, set up a Vorwerk there and had a flood protection wall built, the so-called Sweden Wall . The church was built in Jonitz from 1722 to 1725. However, it received its characteristic tower between 1816 and 1822. In 1729 a princely water mill, the Jonitzer Mühle, was built.

Prince Franz acquired the Vogelherd near Jonitz in 1753. From 1774, a small castle was built on the site based on designs by Friedrich Wilhelm von Erdmannsdorff and, by master horticulturalist Johann Friedrich Eyserbeck, a garden for his wife Luise , the Luisium . Between 1784 and 1786 the Gustavusburg , also known as the Schwedenhaus , was built on the outskirts towards Wörlitz .

In 1893 Jonitz got a railway connection through the Dessau-Wörlitzer Railway and a train station; a year later, the Reichspost opened the town's first postal agency . Jonitz has been connected to the gas supply network of the Deutsche Continental-Gas-Gesellschaft since 1899 .

The places Jonitz and Naundorf were incorporated into Dessau on May 1, 1930 , but were outsourced again on April 15, 1933. On April 1, 1935, both communities were united under the name Jonitz-Naundorf and on July 31, 1935, based on the old Waldeser , renamed Waldersee .

A Junkers settlement with 512 houses was built in Waldersee for the workers of the Junkers aircraft and engine works in Dessau, which were created as part of the German rearmament . 130 inhabitants fell during the Second World War . In the last days of the war the Volkssturm was deployed . At the urging of the population, negotiations were started with the approaching US troops, which led to the occupation of the place on April 23, 1945. According to the Allied agreements of Yalta , the place was handed over to the Red Army on May 4, 1945 after the withdrawal of the American forces .

On November 1, 1945, the community of Waldersee was again incorporated into Dessau. In the immediate post-war period, the place took in 700 evacuees from the heavily destroyed Dessau and around 1,000 resettlers .

In 1953, a subsidiary of VEB Elektromotorenwerke Dessau was created in Waldersee .

Since the implementation of the GDR's chemical program, pollutants from industrial wastewater discharges in the Bitterfeld area have polluted the trough leading through Waldersee so severely that the place's drinking water supply was increasingly impaired. Since the state did not provide any remedial measures, a water pipe construction interest group was formed in the town in the early 1970s : citizens laid water pipes for a new drinking water network on their own at weekends and after work ( evening brigade ).

In August 2002, the simultaneous flooding of the Mulde and Elbe broke the Schwedenwall and flooded the Waldersee. In the village, the water was sometimes over two meters high and drained off very slowly. Only after 32 days, on September 13th, could the disaster alarm for Dessau be lifted.

Flood

Memorial stone (flood disaster 2002)

Waldersee and the forerunners Jonitz and Naundorf have always been at risk of flooding due to their special location in the floodplain area: In the summer of 1771, a huge flood inundated Jonitz and all other places along the Mulde and caused great damage. The dykes broke in the newly created Wörlitzer Park a few years earlier. The years 1779, 1808, 1814, 1823 and 1845 are also considered flood years .

In July 1954, another flood occurred in the Elbe and Mulde. The place had to be evacuated because of the risk of dike breaches. However, the auxiliaries, including soldiers from the Soviet Army , managed to hold the levees. On December 9, 1974, continuous rain caused renewed flooding and the Walderseer residents were again evacuated. Even with the flood of the century in 2002 , the residents had to leave the place, a few days before the complete flooding.

Problematic are the pollutants (e.g. lindane ) that have been discharged over the decades from the chemical industry on the upper reaches of the Mulde . a. have deposited in the dykes and the floodplains and are remobilized during dyke rehabilitation , renaturation and other earthworks and, in the event of flooding, are relocated to the villages on the lower reaches such as Waldersee.

population

On December 31, 2011, Waldersee had 2,590 inhabitants. In contrast to the regional center of Dessau - Roßlau whose population decreases every year, the district is a stable population trend predicted.

→ Main article : Population development in Dessau-Roßlau

Culture and sights

Luisium

Luisium Castle and Park

The Luisium Palace and Park are located in Waldersee as part of the Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm .

→ Main article : Luisium

St. Bartholomäi Church

The Protestant St. Bartholomäi Church was built from 1722 to 1725 in what was then the village of Jonitz. From 1826, Prince Franz had it rebuilt in the classical style . Since then, the church tower has had an obelisk that can be seen from afar. The basement also serves as the mausoleum of the royal couple. During the Elbe floods in 2002 , the church was 1.60 meters under water and was badly damaged. The cost of the renovation amounted to more than half a million euros. The building is classified as a monument . The owner is a Reformed parish of the Uniate Evangelical Church of Anhalt .

Natural monuments

• Oak in the Vockeroder Elbe valley with a chest height of 7.55 m (2015).

literature

• Otto Lange: Chronicle of Waldersee and Mildensee. Reprint of the original edition from 1956, self-published in 2002
• Frank Kreissler: Naundorf-Jonitz-Waldersee. Forays through 850 years of local history. Publications of the Dessau-Roßlau City Archives. 2nd edition 2009

Web links

Commons : Waldersee  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Waldersee website

Individual evidence

Information on the area according to calculations by the municipal statistical office of the city of Dessau-Roßlau

1. ↑ Center concept Dessau-Roßlau (PDF; 16.5 MB) Center concept from April 2009. Accessed on November 7, 2015.
2. ^ Heinrich Lindner: History and description of the state of Anhalt . Ackermann, Deßau 1833, p. 259 ( online in Google Book Search).
3. ^ Heinrich Lindner: History and description of the state of Anhalt . Ackermann, Deßau 1833, p. 258 ( online in Google Book Search).
4. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Chronicle of Dessau-Waldersee ( Memento of the original from April 1, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
5. ^ Calendar sheet Dessau November 9th Dessau calendar sheets November 9th. Retrieved December 6, 2015.
6. ↑ Adolf Bill: This is how life plays. The post-war generation, the collapse of the former GDR, the turning point in 1989/90, the new beginning in the FRG . Publications of the Dessau-Roßlau City Archives, Volume 16. Self-published 2015. ISBN 978-3-7347-6971-9 .
7. ↑ Mitteldeutsche Zeitung of January 9, 2003. Reprinted excerpt u. a. in Adolf Bill: This is how life works. The post-war generation, collapse of the former GDR… . Publications of the Dessau-Roßlau City Archives.
8. ↑ beta-HCH in bream from the Mulde website of the Federal Environmental Specimen Bank . Retrieved December 5, 2015.
9. ↑ St. Bartholomäi Church Waldersee . Website of the Evangelical Church of Anhalt . Retrieved December 5, 2015.
10. ↑ Re-inauguration of Waldersee Church Website of the Evangelical Church of Anhalt from June 2, 2005. Accessed on November 29, 2015.
11. ^ Entry in the directory of monumental oaks . Retrieved January 10, 2017