Hurricane Joachim

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Joachim
Wind field from Hurricane Joachim based on the NOAA GFS model for December 15, 9:00 p.m. UTC
Wind field from Hurricane Joachim based on the NOAA GFS model for December 15, 9:00 p.m. UTC
storm hurricane
Data
Top gust 212 km / h (
Puy de Dôme , France
45.77266 ° N, 2.96439 ° E)
consequences
affected areas France , Switzerland and southern Germany
Victim 3

The hurricane Joachim was a very strong winter storm . From December 15 to 16, 2011 he moved across parts of Central Europe ; In doing so, he achieved wind speeds of hurricane strength above all over France , Switzerland and southern Germany .

Meteorological demolition

As early as December 8th, the GFS model of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration calculated a very strong cyclone in the area of ​​the English Channel for December 16th . Over the course of the week, more and more meteorological models swung into these calculations. On December 14th, the predicted low pressure area of the Shapiro Keyser type developed off Newfoundland , which was not only transported rapidly eastward across the northern Atlantic Ocean under the influence of the jet stream , but also rapidly intensified. From December 14th to 15th, the system's central ground air pressure fell by more than 20  hPa .

The air pressure dropped rapidly and the mean winds increased.

On the night of December 15-16, the hurricane passed over France and Switzerland and reached southern Germany. The core of the hurricane crossed the French capital Paris at 3 a.m. CET (2 a.m. UTC) and then took a path that passed via Düsseldorf , Hanover and past Berlin to the north . The wind was strongest further south, so that the highest warning level was declared for Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria ; Gusts of up to 183 km / h were measured on the Zugspitze .

With the passage of the hurricane ended the relatively mild temperatures that had determined autumn 2011. “Joachim” led cold, damp air to Central Europe, which sometimes caused snow to fall deep down.

Preparations

Storm warnings were issued for 47 French departments between Brittany and Alsace on the night of December 16.

In Rhineland-Palatinate, Deutsche Bahn suspended train traffic on the Kaiserslautern – Saarbrücken route and local traffic in the southern Palatinate for safety reasons.

In parts of Lower Franconia and in the Darmstadt-Dieburg district , classes were canceled on December 16 and the students were sent home early. Several Christmas markets were also not open for security reasons, for example in Strasbourg , Karlsruhe , Friedrichshafen , Kempten , Chemnitz and Freiberg . In several ski areas has been lift operation set.

Effects

High wind speeds tore down overhead lines , causing a widespread power failure. Fallen trees hindered road and rail traffic.

France

f1Georeferencing Map with all coordinates of the section France : OSM
The stranded TK Bremen

Wind gusts in western France reached up to 140 km / h, in Saint-Nazaire ( 47.279444 ° N, 2.21 ° W ), on the Chemoulin peninsula a peak gust of 152 km / h was measured.

The storm disrupted the SNCF's rail traffic in Brittany , and in the Pays de la Loire ( 47.4875 ° N, 0.6975 ° W ) it came to a complete failure. Falling trees and power lines blocked railroad tracks and roads.

Off the coast of the peninsula Quiberon the cargo ship ran TK Bremen due 47.632259 ° N, 3.20155 ° W . The ship had sought protection from the storm northeast of the Île de Groix and was stranded near the mouth of the Rivière d'Étel near Erdeven in the Morbihan department . Oil leaked from the ship resulting in a limited large oil spill . In the vicinity of Volpajola in Corsica, the foothills of the storm sparked a forest fire that destroyed around 200  hectares of vegetation.

Around 400,000 households in France were affected by the blackouts, around 100,000 of them in Brittany.

Switzerland

In north-western Switzerland, strong winds tipped a train between Tavannes and Tramelan , which then derailed, slightly injuring the train driver and two passengers.

Germany

In addition to fallen trees, heavy rain and the resulting flooding caused problems on the streets. In the high altitudes of the low mountain ranges , the precipitation came down mainly as heavy snowfall. Some sections of the Autobahn 61 in Rhineland-Palatinate, 4 and 45 in North Rhine-Westphalia and 71 in Thuringia had to be temporarily closed due to slippery snow and ice. Snow drifts occurred in exposed locations , so the German-Czech border crossing Reitzenhain / Hora Svatého Šebestiána had to be closed as part of the federal highway 174 . The Dresden-Prague motorway was also blocked (in Germany: A17 , in the Czech Republic : D8 , as a European route : E55 ).

Austria

The hurricane did not reach Austrian territory until December 16. The effects mostly affected tree breaks, as in Vorarlberg, Salzburg and Styria. These mostly led to traffic obstructions such as the Tauernbahn or Triebener Straße as well as to power outages. In the evening hours of December 16, he also caused damage in Upper Austria at speeds of 120 km / h.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Tempête Joachim, Meteo France
  2. ↑ a b c 'Germany has survived the worst' , Die Welt . December 16, 2011. Retrieved December 17, 2011.  
  3. ↑ Air pressure map @ Wetterzentrale.de
  4. ↑ Hurricane 'Joachim' reaches Germany , Spiegel Online . December 16, 2011.  
  5. ^ La tempête Joachim a commencé à souffler sur la France ( French ) France Info. December 16, 2011. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
  6. ↑ Hurricane endangers train traffic - first routes closed , Spiegel Online . December 16, 2011.  
  7. ↑ a b c d Hurricane "Joachim" is racing towards Germany , Focus . December 16, 2011.  
  8. ↑ 12 au 17/12: alerte aux tempêtes tempérées pour la France et le Royaume-Uni ( French ) Catnat. December 16, 2011. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
  9. ^ Climatology Chemoulin ( French ) Meteociel. December 16, 2011. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
  10. ^ Tempête Joachim: près de 400,000 foyers privés d'électricité ( French ) Le Monde . December 16, 2011. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
  11. ↑ Tempête: un cargo s'échoue dans le Morbihan . December 16, 2011. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
  12. ↑ EN DIRECT. Tempête Joachim: coupures d'électricité et trains paralysés ( French ) LeMonde. December 16, 2011. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
  13. ↑ Storm depression «Joachim» rages in southern Germany , Stern . December 16, 2011.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.stern.de  
  14. ^ Weather chaos in Germany , Tagesschau . December 16, 2011. Archived from the original on December 16, 2011.  
  15. ↑ Storm low "Joachim" swept across Europe on ORF accessed on December 16, 2011
  16. ↑ The storm "Joachim" swept over Upper Austria on Life Radio on December 17, 2011, accessed on December 17, 2011

Web links

Commons : Orkan Joachim  - Collection of images, videos and audio files