Project 667BDRM

Project 667BDRM

Project 667BDRM

Ship data country  Soviet Union / Russia   Shipyard Shipyard 402 in Severodvinsk Construction period 1981 to 1990 Units built 7th

Ship dimensions and crew length 167 m ( Lüa ) width 11.7 m Draft Max. 8.8 m displacement surfaced: 11,700 t submerged: 18,200 t   crew 135 men

Machine system machine Main drive: 2 OK-700A - pressurized water reactors 180 MW th propeller 2 five-leaf

Mission data submarine Diving depth, normal 320 m Immersion depth, max. 400 m Top speed submerged 24 kn (44 km / h) Top speed surfaced 14 kn (26 km / h)

Armament 16 × RSM-54 starter tanks 4 × torpedo tubes ∅ 533 mm Sensors MGK-520- "SKAT-BDRM" - Sonar MRP-21A- "Saliw-P" - ESM system MPK-50- "Kaskad" - Radar MRK-57- "Korma" radar

Project 667BDRM with the code name "Delfin" ( Russian Дельфин ) is a class of nuclear- powered Soviet submarines with ballistic missiles . It is called the Delta IV class by NATO .

development

Drawing of the starboard view of Project 667BDRM. The elongated bow section contains the cylindrical main sensor of the SKAT sonar as well as its lateral phalanges on port and starboard.

Although the Soviet Union had developed a new, significantly more powerful type of submarine with ballistic missiles with Project 941 (NATO: Typhoon class), the naval planners soon recognized its weaknesses. The construction and maintenance costs appeared very high, so that only a few Project 941 boats could be put into service. Of these, each boat could carry up to 200 MIRV warheads in its 20 missiles, but this large number made them attractive targets in the event of war. An opponent could have seriously weakened the Soviet Union's second strike capability if its hunting submarines had sunk the few Project 941 submarines in the first minutes of a nuclear war. To minimize this risk, the next class of submarines was planned to be smaller again, with only 16 missiles that could each carry four warheads.

The government decision to develop the new class was issued on September 10, 1975, three years after the development of Project 941 began. The "Rubin" development office was commissioned again. The core of the order was the implementation of the new RSM-54 intercontinental ballistic missile in a submarine. The development team used its experience with the previous models of the 667BDR project and changed their plans in accordance with the new requirements.

The silhouette of the new project was very similar to that of the previous classes, but most of the technical data and properties actually changed. The hull was lengthened at the bow and stern by a total of twelve meters, mainly at the forecastle. All fuselage fittings were optimized for noise insulation and the electronic systems were modernized.

technology

drive

The project is driven by two reactor complexes of the type OK-700A, whose core of World Cup 4SG - pressurized water reactors there. Each reactor provides 90 _{MWth of} thermal power, which is used to generate steam that drives two GTSA turbines. The turbines can each transmit up to 20,000 HP (14,710 kW) to the two shafts , which move the submarine forward at a top speed of 24 knots via the two propellers in diving mode. Two DG-460 diesel engines can alternatively provide 460 kW drive power each by burning diesel fuel with atmospheric oxygen , which can be transported into the boat via ventilation openings or a snorkel .

Range

Project 667BDRM is not subject to range restrictions due to its nuclear drive. Only the supplies of food and consumables carried for the crew limit the service life of the boats to an estimated 80 days.

Sensors and communication

Drawing of the arrangement of the various sensor and radio masts on the tower of a Project 667BDRM boat

Project 667BDRM is equipped with an omnibus BDRM combat information system , a Tobol-M navigation system and a Molnija LM1 or MC2 communication system.

Project 667BDRM's sensor equipment has been thoroughly redesigned. The digital active / passive sonar system SKAT, which entered its test phase in 1974, was installed in the modernized, reduced version MGK-520 SKAT-BDRM in the bow of the boats.

A periscope of the type MT-70-8 and one of the type PEKG are installed on the top of the tower for optical observation .

The sensors on the submarine tower were partially retained: The radar system of the type MRK-50 "Kaskad" / MRK-57 "Korma" and the ESM system of the type MRP-21A "Saliw-P" (NATO: Brick Pulp) as well as the friend-foe recognition system "Nichrom-M" remained largely unchanged, but the navigation system was rebuilt: the old radio sextant was omitted and the astronomical observation periscope was installed in the center of the tower.

Armament

Project 667BDRM is equipped with 16 intercontinental ballistic missiles of the type RSM-54 , also known as R-29RMU or by NATO as SS-N-23, which are housed in separate silos. These weapons are controlled via the D-9RM missile complex. The three-stage rocket is 14.8 meters long, weighs around 40 tons, was developed in 1986 and has a range of 9,300 kilometers. It can be launched from a Projekt 667BDRM boat from a depth of up to 55 meters.

The RSM-54 can optionally be equipped with either ten or four MIRV warheads. It is possible to combine four warheads, each with 250 kilotons of explosive power, or ten warheads, each with 100 kilotons of explosive power. The accuracy of the warheads should not exceed a spread of 250 meters around the targeted target point.

For self-defense, each boat carries four bow torpedo tubes in caliber 533 mm. Two additional reserve torpedoes can be carried here compared to the predecessor model Project 667 BDR, so that 18 torpedoes are on board for the 533 mm tubes.

Shoulder-based anti-aircraft missiles such as the Strela-3 are carried on the bridge in order to use them against enemy anti-submarine helicopters and aircraft if necessary.

disposal

Project 667BDRM boats are serviced and repaired exclusively by the Svjosdotschka repair yard in Severodvinsk according to a decree of the Russian Federation in 1998 . The shipyard, known under the name Schiffsreparatureinrichtung 893 during the Soviet Union, also scraps SSBNs from the Northern Fleet together with the larger Nerpa scrapping yard .

units

The boats of the 667BDRM project were built exclusively at the 402 shipyard in Severodvinsk .

K-51

K-51, with the hull number 379, was laid down on February 23, 1981 in Severodvinsk and launched on March 7, 1984. It bore the honorary name of the XXVI Congress of the CPSU and was subjected to intensive tests in 1984. In September 1987, she appeared at the geographic North Pole to fire a missile at a test site. However, the missile did not reach its target after launch because a cable connection between the boat and the missile did not come undone as planned, but tore off and the missile control element became unusable due to the damage. In 1992 the honorary name was dropped again and the boat was named Verkhoturye on February 9, 1999 . K-51 was in the shipyard for repairs between 1993 and 1999, although hardly any new equipment was installed due to the underfunding of the Russian armed forces at the time. The Verkhoturye carried out several patrols and was docked again in 2011 for overhaul. After extensive repairs and extensive modernization, the K-51 is due to be returned to the fleet at the end of 2012.

K-84

The boat was laid down at shipyard 402 with hull number 380 on February 17, 1982 and was launched on March 17, 1985. In 1996 she was docked for repairs. On February 9, 1999, she was given the name Yekaterinburg and was reassigned to the Northern Fleet in 2002 after completion of the repairs. It carried out several test launches of missiles, the last one in 2011. The launch area of ​​a missile was near Franz Josef Land in the North Sea and the target point hit on Kamchatka . On December 29, 2011, a fire broke out in the PD-50 floating dock during maintenance work . The cause is considered to be disregarded safety rules during welding work, so that the wooden scaffolding caught fire in the dock. The fire spread to the noise-insulating coating on the hull of the K-84 and could only be extinguished after nine hours by flooding the dock. According to those responsible, radioactivity was not released because the fire did not get inside the ship. Contrary to the first information, the ship's weapons, torpedoes and nuclear missiles, had not been unloaded before the repair. On June 10, 2014, the boat was launched after completing maintenance work and was put back into service at the end of 2014.

K-64

K-64, hull number 381, was laid down in Severodvinsk on December 18, 1982 and launched on February 2, 1986. She did her service in the Northern Fleet. After an acute need for repairs to the boat was determined, they docked in 1999. The work was delayed and finally abandoned altogether and the boat was scheduled for scrapping. In 2002 the missile silos at the "Svyosdotschka" shipyard were removed. and launched the hull in Severodvinsk in 2008. After a far-reaching conversion into a "carrier for deep atomic diving stations" (espionage or small submarines), the boat , which has meanwhile been renamed Podmoskowje , was put back into service on August 11, 2015.

K-114

K-114 on the quay of the Gajiyevo naval base in August 2012

The boat was laid down on February 22, 1984 by shipyard 402 and launched on January 22, 1987. On August 21, 1997, K-114 was named Tula . From 2000 to 2005 it was repaired and overhauled. In 2008, she carried out a missile launch as part of an exercise in which she fired the missile at a target 11,500 km away. Two more launches followed in 2010, when the rockets hit Kamchatka in the finish area.

K-117

K-117 was laid down in Severodvinsk on April 20, 1985 and launched on February 8, 1988. It was stationed at the Gadschijewo naval base and was given the name Bryansk in January 1998 after a corresponding agreement . Between 2004 and 2008 it was repaired and modernized. In 2009 and 2011 it carried out one rocket launch each.

K-18

The boat was laid down on February 7, 1986 by shipyard 402 and launched on February 2, 1989. She was placed under the Northern Fleet. In 1996 the Republic of Karelia took over the sponsorship and K-18 was christened Karelia on September 18, 1996 . She performed several rocket launches before heading to the shipyard for repairs in 2004. In 2009, the fuel rods of their reactors were replaced and the missile system upgraded to the R-29RMU2 model. In January 2010 she returned to the service of the Northern Fleet.

K-407

K-407 was laid down in Severodvinsk on June 14, 1987 and launched on February 28, 1990. After her commissioning on November 27, 1990, she was assigned to the Northern Fleet. In 1993 she collided with the submarine USS Grayling while diving in the Barents Sea . K-407 was hit on the missile structure, damaging some silos. A feared explosion of the sensitive rocket fuel did not materialize, however. After the repair, the city of Novomoskowsk took over the sponsorship of K-407 and in 1997 the boat was given a corresponding additional name. On July 7th, 1998 it launched two small civilian satellites of the type TUBSAT-N / N1 , which had been developed by the TU Berlin . In 2004, a missile launch attempt from the submerged boat failed due to a defect in the ADK-3M sensor in the K-407's navigation system, so that the missile's navigation computer did not recognize the launch coordinates and the omnibus BPRM combat information system subsequently refused to start. Only after returning home could a commission determine the cause. She later carried out several successful rocket launches for test purposes before going to the shipyard for repairs and modernization in 2008-2010. In August 2012, the Novomoskovsk returned to the Northern Fleet.

Evidence and references

Web links

Commons : Delta IV class  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Project 667BDRM at deepstorm.ru (Russian)
• Project 667BDRM at atrina.flot.narod.ru ( Memento from September 15, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (Russian)
• Detailed representation at RIA Novosti with sketch drawings (accessed on December 20, 2014)

literature

• Ю.В.Апальков: Корабли ВМФ СССР Том I - Подводные лодки. Часть 1 - Ракетные подводные крейсера стратегического назначения и многоцелевые подводные лодки (about J. Apalkow: Ships of the USSR - Strategic missile submarines and multipurpose submarines. ) Saint Petersburg in 2002, ISBN 5-8172-0069-4 ( Russian)
• С.А. Спирихин: Надводные корабли, суда и подводные лодки постройки завода №402. (For example: SA Spirichin: Surface ships, vehicles and submarines built at shipyard No. 402. ) Arkhangelsk 2004, ISBN 5-85879-155-7 (Russian).
• Н.В. Усенко, П.Г. Котов, В.Г. Реданский, В.К. Куличков: Как создавался атомный подводный флот Советского Союза. (NW Usenko, PG Kotow, WG Redanski, WK Kulitschkow: When the Soviet Union's nuclear submarine fleet came into being. ) Saint Petersburg 2004, ISBN 5-89173-274-2 (Russian).
• Nikolai Sokow: Russian strategic modernization: the past and future. Rowman & Littlefield, 2000, ISBN 978-0847694679 .
• Stockholm International Peace Research Institute: SIPRI Yearbook 2010: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security. Oxford University Press, 2010, ISBN 978-0199581122 .

Remarks

1. ↑ In contrast to the other three Project 667B models, the Russian authors Apalkow and Spirichin agree on the water displacement when submerged.
2. ↑ sometimes described as seven-winged.
3. ↑ Keel laying and launching data according to SA Spirichin: surface ships, vehicles and submarines built at shipyard No. 402.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ NN Sokov: Russian strategic modernization: the past and future. P. 44.
2. ↑ J. Apalkow: Ships of the USSR - Strategic missile submarines and multipurpose submarines. P. 31.
3. ↑ Project 667BDRM at atrinaflot.narod.ru, viewed on August 6, 2011 ( Memento from September 15, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
4. ↑ History of Zvezdochka State Machine-Building Enterprise on nti.org, spotted 8 August 2011
5. ↑ Flotprom.ru: Определен срок сдачи АПЛ "Верхотурье" (December 19, 2011). Retrieved December 20, 2011. (Russian, handover date of the APL “Verkhoturye” has been announced )
6. ^ Stockholm International Peace Research Institute: SIPRI Yearbook 2010: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security. P. 347.
7. ↑ Tyler Rogoway: Russia's Dry Dock Accident Could Have Far Larger Than A Repercussions Damaged Carrier. www.thedrive.com, October 30, 2018, accessed November 6, 2018 . 
8. ^ Fire on a Russian nuclear submarine. newsv2.orf.at, December 29, 2011, accessed on November 6, 2018 . 
9. Jump up ↑ Dock near Murmansk: Fire broke out on Russian nuclear submarine. In: Spiegel Online . December 29, 2011, accessed June 9, 2018 . 
10. ↑ http://www.tagesschau.de/ausland/brandatomuboot100.html ( Memento from December 30, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
11. ↑ Russia was on the verge of a nuclear disaster , Die Welt, February 13, 2012
12. ^ Ekaterinburg to be launched after overhaul. russianforces.org, June 10, 2014, accessed November 6, 2018 . 
13. ↑ Russianforces.org: Current status: Strategic fleet
14. ↑ Specifics of the Multi-Purpose Nuclear Submarine Dismantlingat FGUP MP Zvezdochka and Needs for Upgrades. P. 11 (PDF; 229 kB)
15. ↑ http://flotprom.ru/2015/%D0%97%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B042/
16. ↑ http://flot.com/nowadays/strength/submarines/bs-64/
17. ↑ tu-berlin.de, viewed on August 9, 2011
18. ↑ Press release Морские ядерные силы России выходят на пенсию. dated March 11, 2004 on nuclearno.com, viewed August 14, 2011
19. ↑ flot.com: РПКСН "Новомосковск" вернулся к месту постоянного базирования (August 13, 2012). Retrieved August 14, 2012. (Russian, "The SSBN" Novomoskovsk "returned to its home base")